Introduction and Principles Large-scale extraction of phage DNA involves digestion of viral coat proteins using a strong protease such as proteinase K followed by extraction with

CRISPR Cas9 is a potent and easy-to-use tool for gene editing, but the delivery of the CRISPR Cas9 system has been a challenge since it was

Introduction Replacement vectors or substitution vectors are prepared by removing the central filler segment of phage DNA to accommodate the fragments of foreign DNA. This procedure

Introduction At each end of the central stuffer fragment, a series of restriction sites arranged in opposite directions are present in replacement vectors. For instance, in

Introduction Alkaline phosphatase treatment is used to suppress the background of non-recombinants while performing restriction digestion with insertion vectors containing a single cloning site or polyclonal

Introduction and Historical Perspectives Radiations have been extensively used in medical devices to look into the inner workings of the human body. Wilhelm Roentgen brought a