How are D10, D50, and D90 calculated?

The calculator sorts particle diameters and uses linear interpolation with h = (n - 1) * p / 100 for each percentile.

Can I use SEM or optical image measurements?

Yes. Enter diameter measurements exported from image analysis, ConductVision, microscopy software, or a spreadsheet.

Why does the calculator warn about small sample size?

Distribution metrics can be unstable when very few particles are measured. The tool warns below 30 particles.

ToolsConductScience tool

D10/D50/D90Free in-browser calculator

Particle Size Distribution Calculator.

Paste particle diameters to calculate D10, D50, D90, span, sample standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. For materials research, education, and protocol documentation only. Not a certified inspection, compliance, asset-integrity, or final acceptance tool.

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Validated2026-05-24

CitableMethods and citation included

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Try it out

Load example particle size data to see the full workflow

Particle diameters

Diameter list (um)

Paste comma, space, semicolon, or newline-separated positive particle diameters.

Results

D10

9.8 um

D50

22 um

D90

41 um

Span

1.4182

Mean

24.4 um

57.64 %

Review notes

Small sample size: distribution metrics may be unstable below 30 particles.

Methods note

Percentiles use linear interpolation with h = (n - 1) * p / 100. Sample standard deviation uses n - 1.

Scope and limitations

For materials research, education, and protocol documentation only. Not a certified inspection, compliance, asset-integrity, or final acceptance tool.

Results are deterministic calculations from the values entered here. Review units, assumptions, and measurement quality before using outputs in reports or protocols.

Method

Uses the tool-specific formulas and assumptions shown in the calculator output.

Validated

Last validated 2026-05-24. Calculations are designed for planning and documentation support; verify procurement decisions against manufacturer specifications or institutional SOPs.

How to cite

How to Cite

Particle Size Distribution Calculator (1.2.0). ConductScience, Inc. 2026. Available at: https://conductscience.com/tools/particle-size-distribution-calculator

For materials research, education, and protocol documentation only. Not a certified inspection, compliance, asset-integrity, or final acceptance tool.

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