Cachexia-induced reprogramming of visceral organ metabolism by human pancreatic cancer xenografts

<p>We have uploaded the raw MRS data used in this study. The data were obtained through dual-phase extraction from the heart, lungs, kidneys, pancreas, liver, and spleen samples. Each sample was reconstituted in 650 &mu;L of phosphate-buffered D₂O (90:10 D₂O:H₂O, pH 7.4) with trimethylsilylpropanoic acid (TSP), and analyzed by &sup1;H MRS.All spectra were acquired using a Bruker 750 MHz NMR spectrometer using single pulse sequence under consistent experimental conditions: a spectral width of 15,495.86 Hz, 64K data points, a 90&deg; flip angle, a relaxation delay of 10 seconds, an acquisition time of 2.11 seconds, and 64 scans with 8 dummy scans.&nbsp;The MRS data were analyzed and quantified using TOPSPIN 4.0.6 software. Spectral processing included zero-filling to 64K and applying an exponential line broadening of 0.3 Hz before Fourier transformation. Peak integration was performed using AMIX software, and the area under each peak was used for quantitative analysis after normalization to the internal standard, TSP (trimethylsilylpropanoic acid). <strong>&nbsp;</strong>We identified, for the first time, the profound effects of pancreatic cancer induced cachexia on visceral organ weight and metabolism that can lead to severe consequences in organ function ranging from affecting pathways involved in tissue regeneration and resolving inflammation, to altering IL-4 production in cachectic mice.&nbsp; These results highlight the damaging systemic changes in visceral organ metabolism that occur with cancer induced cachexia that may lead to metabolic interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality.&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>