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1,029 results for “Absorption”
Carbon absorption capacity determines the response of algal competitiveness to elevated atmospheric CO2
<p><span>Although many studies have focused on </span><span>the effects of elevated </span><span>atmospheric</span> <span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span> on algal growth</span><span>, few studies have demonstrated how </span><span>CO2</span><span> interacts with carbon absorption capacity to determine the algal competition at the population level</span><span>.</span><span> We conducted a pairwise competition experiment of <em>Phormidium</em></span><span><em> </em>sp., <em>Scenedesmus quadricauda</em>, <em>Chlorella vulgaris, </em>and <em>Synedra ulna</em>. The results showed that when the </span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span> concentration increases from 400 to 760 ppm, the competitiveness of <em>S. quadricauda</em> increased, the competitiveness of <em>Phormidium </em>sp. and <em>C. vulgaris</em> decreased, and the competitiveness of <em>S. ulna</em> was always the lowest. we constructed a model</span><span> to explore whether interspecific differences in affinity and flux rate for CO<sub>2</sub> and HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> could explain changes of </span><span>competitiveness</span><span> between algae species along the gradient of atmospheric </span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span> concentration.</span><span> Affinity and flux rate are the capture capacity and transport capacity of substrate, respectively, which are inversely proportional to each other. Low resource concentration is beneficial to the growth and reproduction of algae with high affinity. The simulation results showed that when the atmospheric </span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span> concentration was low</span><span>, </span><span>species with high affinity for both </span><span>CO<sub>2</sub> and </span><span>HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> (HCHH) had the highest </span><span>competitiveness, followed by the species with high affinity for </span><span>CO<sub>2</sub> and low affinity for </span><span>HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> (HCLH), </span><span>the species with low affinity for </span><span>CO<sub>2</sub> and high affinity for </span><span>HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> (LCHH) and the species </span><span>with low affinity for both </span><span>CO<sub>2</sub> and </span><span>HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> (LCLH); when the CO2 concentration was high, the species were ranked according to the competitive ability: LCHH > LCLH > HCHH > HCLH</span><span>. Thus, with the increase of atmospheric </span><span>CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, the competitive advantage changed from </span><span>HCHH</span> <span>species to </span><span>LCHH</span> <span>species.</span><span> These results indicate the important species types contributing to water bloom under the background of increasing global atmospheric </span><span>CO<sub>2</sub>, highlighting the importance of carbon absorption characteristics in understanding, predicting and regulating population dynamics and community composition of algae.</span></p>
Supplementary data: Absorption of charged particles in Perfectly-Matched-Layers by optimal damping of the deposited current
<p>This archive contains the scripts needed to reproduce the figures of the paper "Absorption of charged particles in Perfectly-Matched-Layers by optimal damping of the deposited current" (https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.09084)</p> <p>More specifically, each folder contains:</p> <p>- Input scripts to run the WarpX simulations (this used WarpX 22.06): the corresponding files have names that start with `input`<br> - Script that show how the WarpX simulations were launched: the corresponding files have names that start with `submission`<br> - Jupyter notebooks that show how to plot the results: the corresponding files have names that start with `Plot`</p>
Impact of Cloud Process in the Mixing State and Microphysical Properties of Soot Particles: Implications in Light Absorption Enhancement
<p>The data of paper of "Impact of Cloud Process in the Mixing State and Microphysical Properties of Soot Particles: Implications in Light Absorption Enhancement"</p>
EFFECT OF GEOMETRY AND SURFACE DISTRIBUTION OF HOLES ON SOUND AND LIGHT ABSORPTION PROPERTIES OF 3D-PRINTED PETG MATERIALS
<p>Dataset and publication EFFECT OF GEOMETRY AND SURFACE DISTRIBUTION OF HOLES ON SOUND AND LIGHT ABSORPTION PROPERTIES OF 3D-PRINTED PETG MATERIALS</p>
Computational data for "Measurement of Coherent Vibrational Dynamics with X-ray Transient Absorption Spectroscopy Simultaneously at the Carbon K- and Chlorine L$_{2,3}$- Edges"
<p>Contains:<br><br>1. Code for and results from, time-dependent Schroedinger equation simulations for the molecular normal modes under strong electric fields inducing impulsive stimulated Raman processes.</p> <p>2. Molecular orbitals obtained from ROKS calculations for the C 1s and Cl 2p excited states (with spin-free one-electron X2C). </p>
Decoding the Pair Distribution Function of Uranium in Molten Fluoride Salts from X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Data by Machine Learning
<p>The repo contains all codes and data related to the JPCC publication entitled "Decoding the Pair Distribution Function of Uranium in Molten Fluoride Salts from X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Data by Machine Learning"</p>
Raw data: Electronic and Structural Property Comparison of a Novel vs. a Commercial Iridium-based OER Catalysts Enabled by Operando Ir L3-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
<p>Raw data for the manuscript titled:</p> <p><strong>Electronic and Structural Property Comparison of a Novel vs. a Commercial Iridium-based OER Catalysts Enabled by <em>Operando </em>Ir L3-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy</strong></p> <p> </p>
Chemical absorption in human skin
<p>Whether from environmental and occupational hazards or from topical pharmaceuticals, the human skin comes into contact with various chemicals every day. In vivo experiments not only require large investments of both time and money, but in vivo experiments can also be unethical due to the need to intentionally or incidentally expose humans or animals to toxic chemicals. Comparatively, in vitro experiments offer ethical and financial advantages when combined with the opportunity to selectively choose chemicals for experimentation. With in vivo experimentation being so infeasible, many scientists have chosen to make their in vitro data available publicly. Using these data, a detailed database containing 73 chemicals was created with a robust set of descriptors to be used in connection with mathematical modeling to predict diffusion, permeability, and partition coefficients. This resulting database is tailored to be easily used in various coding languages.</p>
Data for Organosulfur Compounds: An Non-negligible Component Affecting the Light Absorption of Brown Carbon during North China Haze Events
<p>This is the data used in manuscript of "Organosulfur Compounds: An Non-negligible Component Affecting the Light Absorption of Brown Carbon during North China Haze Events"</p>
Exploring the chemical and structural change of copper porphyrins upon charging by means of synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy
<h2><span>Abstract</span></h2> <p><span>In response to the growing demand for battery materials, researchers explore alternative resources with a focus on sustainability. Among these, organic electrode materials—including porphyrins—have emerged as promising candidates due to their advantageous properties, such as rapid charging capabilities and high energy densities. However, despite their potential, the precise charging mechanism of these alternatives remains elusive. To address this gap, our study delved into copper porphyrins, with a primary focus on [5,15-bis(ethynyl)-10,20-diphenylporphinato] copper(II) (CuDEPP). Employing synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy in <em>operando</em> mode, we probed the evolution in chemical and electronic structure of Cu in CuDEPP. Our findings unequivocally demonstrate the participation of copper as a redox center during reversible charge storage, shedding light on its superior electrochemical performance. Furthermore, a combined approach involving extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) studies and theoretical calculations provided deeper insights into the observed structural distortion during the charge storage process. Notably, our results support the hypothesis that redox processes, specifically those involving the aromatic porphyrin ring, drive the electrochemical activity of CuDEPP. In summary, our investigation offers important insights into the charging mechanism of copper porphyrins—an essential step toward advancing sustainable organic materials for batteries. </span></p>
Spectrally resolved helium absorption from the extended atmosphere of a warm Neptune exoplanet
<p>Stellar heating causes atmospheres of close-in exoplanets to expand and escape. These extended atmospheres are difficult to observe because their main spectral signature – neutral hydrogen at ultraviolet wavelengths – is strongly absorbed by interstellar medium. We report the detection of the near-infrared triplet of neutral helium in the transiting warm Neptune-mass exoplanet HAT-P-11b using ground-based, high-resolution observations. The helium feature is repeatable over two independent transits, with an average absorption depth of 1.08±0.05%. Interpreting absorption spectra with 3D simulations of the planet’s upper atmosphere suggests it extends beyond 5 planetary radii, with a large scale height and a helium mass loss rate ≲ 3x10<sup>5</sup> g‧s<sup>−1</sup>. A net blueshift of the absorption might be explained by high-altitude winds flowing at 3 km‧s<sup>−1</sup>from day to night-side.</p>
Galactic dust absorption maps
<p>This dataset contains the 3D structure of interstelllar dust in the vicinity of the Sun, as well as its logarithmic spatial correlation power spectrum. It was computed from Gaia absorption data using Gaussian process regression.</p> <p>The simple_cube contains only mean and standard deviation while the full_cube contains 50 approximate posterior samples.</p> <p>The corresponding paper is available on arxiv:1901.05971</p> <p>In this version the documentation was corrected. The coordinate system does not have the half-pixel shift that is described in the previous data set versions, leading to an exactly centered box. Additionally, the description of the relation of power spectrum and dust realization was extended to include the a-priori mean of 0.001 e-folds of absorption per parsec.<br> The numerical content of the data set is identical to version 1.1</p>
Study on bio-inspired feet based on the cushioning and shock absorption characteristics of ostrich foot
<p>The African ostrich (<em>Struthio camelus</em>) perennially living in deserts is outstanding with remarkable speed, exceptional endurance and continuous locomotion. As the main actuator of high-speed running, the ostrich feet possess excellent cushioning and shock absorption capabilities. In this study, based on the elastic modulus scales and assembly modes of soft tissues and the functions of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint, eight bio-inspired feet were designed by an engineering method. With the peak acceleration as the index, the cushioning performances of different bio-inspired feet on loose sand or solid ground were compared through impact tests at different heights and verified by simulating the impact processes of the bio-inspired feet on loose sand on the finite element software Abaqus. Meanwhile, the stress distribution and deformation of each component of the bio-inspired feet were also clarified. The 15-15-15 HA (hardness unit) bio-inspired feet showed lower peak acceleration and thereby better cushioning performance, but larger deformation, less-uniform stress distributions and thereby lower stability than the 15-35-55 HA bio-inspired feet. Sensitivity analyses showed the cushioning capacity of the bio-inspired feet was comparable to that of the ostrich foot when the material (elastic modulus) and spring (stiffness coefficient) were properly selected. In fact, the silicon rubbers with different hardness levels which simulate the elasticity modulus scales of the toe pad, fascia and skin, and the spring mechanism which simulates the functions of the MTP joint, work as an “integrated system”of cushioning and shock absorption.</p>
Diurnal regulation of photosynthetic light absorption, electron transport and carbon fixation in two contrasting oceanic environments
<p>Dataset accompanying the publication Schuback N & Tortell PD, Diurnal regulation of photosynthetic light absorption, electron transport and carbon fixation in two contrasting oceanic environments, Biogeosciences, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2018-524.</p>
Absorption-Based Query Answering for Expressive Description Logics : Evaluation Data
<p>Sources ( <code>Sources.zip</code> ), evaluation data ( <code>Evaluation.zip</code> ) with all ontologies and queries, as well as the evaluation results ( <code>Results.zip</code> ) of the publication "<em>Absorption-Based Query Answering for Expressive Description Logics</em>" from the 18th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC), October 26-30, 2019, Auckland, New Zealand. For easily reproducing the evaluation, you can also use the Docker image <em>koncludeeval/abqa</em> (available at <a href="https://hub.docker.com/r/koncludeeval/abqa">https://hub.docker.com/r/koncludeeval/abqa</a>). See also readme files in archives for more details.</p> <p>You may only use/share/etc. the included reasoners/ontologies as restricted by their licences (see <code>Sources.zip</code>). In particular, Konclude and OWL BGP are available under the LGPLv3 (<a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-3.0.en.html">https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-3.0.en.html</a>), Pellet under the AGPLv3 (<a href="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.en.html">https://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.en.html</a>), and PAGOdA under an Academic Licence (<a href="http://www.cs.ox.ac.uk/isg/tools/PAGOdA/PAGOdA_Academic_Licence.txt">http://www.cs.ox.ac.uk/isg/tools/PAGOdA/PAGOdA_Academic_Licence.txt</a>).</p>
Fig. 1 in Cytoplasmic UV-R Absorption in an Integumentary Matrix (tunic) of Photosymbiotic Ascidian Colonies
Fig. 1. Transmittance (%) of 250-800 nm light for the bandpass filters U340 (thick line) and CT330/20 (thin line) measured with a spectrophotometer Genesis 10S UV-Vis.
Fig. 5 in Cytoplasmic UV-R Absorption in an Integumentary Matrix (tunic) of Photosymbiotic Ascidian Colonies
Fig. 5. Tunic cells in the surface tunic of Diplosoma virens. A, Bladder tunic cells. B, Tunic net cells (= myocyte sensu Mackie and Singla, 1987). C-E, Other types of tunic cells with vacuoles containing electron-dense materials or clear vesicles. Scale bars: 5 µm in A, 2 µm in B-E.
Fig. 4. A in Cytoplasmic UV-R Absorption in an Integumentary Matrix (tunic) of Photosymbiotic Ascidian Colonies
Fig. 4. A, Histological cross-section of the Diplosoma virens colony showing surface tunic (su) and middle layer (md). B and C, UV images of the surface tunic of D. virens (band-pass filter: U340). D and E, a pair of UV images of the surface tunic of D. simile (band-pass filter: U340 for D, U340 + CT330/20 for E). Arrows indicate some cell-like objects absorbing UV-R. Arrowhead in C indicates Prochloron cells. bl, tunic bladder cell; bs, branchial sac; cc, cloacal cavity; st, stomach. Scale bars: 100 µm in A, 50 µm in B-E.
Fig. 3 in Cytoplasmic UV-R Absorption in an Integumentary Matrix (tunic) of Photosymbiotic Ascidian Colonies
Fig. 3. Pair images of cross-sections of Diplosoma virens (A, B) and D. simile (C, D) observed with an oblique epi-illumination of white- LED (A, C) and a transmission light filtered with U340 (B, D). The colonies have a three-layer structure: surface tunic (su), middle layer (md), and basal tunic (ba). Rectangles in A and B indicate an aggregate of pigmentary tunic cells. Green areas are cloacal cavities filled with Prochloron cells. em, embryo; fe, feces in rectum; os, oral siphon; st, stomach. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 2 in Cytoplasmic UV-R Absorption in an Integumentary Matrix (tunic) of Photosymbiotic Ascidian Colonies
Fig. 2. Absorption spectra of the surface tunic of Diplosoma virens (A) and D. simile (B). Spectra from four specimens are shown for each species. A prominent absorption peak is present at approximately 325 nm in each spectrum.
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