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214 results for “Climatic variables”
Data from: Variability of the atmospheric PM10 microbiome in three climatic regions of France
<p>Air pollution is a major public-health concern and it is recognized that particulate matter causes damage to human health through oxidative-stress, being responsible for several million premature deaths worldwide each year. Recent findings showed that, airborne microorganisms/spores can modulate aerosol toxicity by altering the oxidative potential of PM10. Primary Biogenic Organic Aerosols (PBOA) appears to be produced by only few genera of microorganisms, emitted by surrounding vegetation in the case of a regionally-homogeneous field site. This study presents the first comprehensive description of the structure and main sources of airborne microbial communities associated with the temporal trends in PM10 SC concentrations at 3 French sites, under different climates. By combining sugar chemistry and DNA Metabarcoding approaches, we intended to identify PM10-associated microbial communities and their main sources at three climatically different sampling-sites in France during summer 2018. This study accounted also for the interannual variability of the structure of summer airborne microbial community associated with PM10-SC concentrations during a consecutive 2-year survey at one site. Our results showed that the temporal evolutions of SC in PM10 in the three sites are associated with the abundance of only few specific airborne fungal and bacterial taxa. These taxa differ significantly between the 3 climatic regions studied. The structure of microbial communities associated with PM10 SC concentrations during a consecutive 2-year survey remained stable in the rural area. The atmospheric concentration levels of PM10 SC-species vary significantly between the 3 studied sites, but with no clear difference according to site typology (rural vs urban), suggesting that SC emissions are more related to regional climatic characteristics. The overall microbial beta diversity in PM10 samples is significantly different from that of the main vegetation around the studied urban sites. This indicates that airborne microorganisms at such urban sites do not originate only from the immediate surrounding vegetation, which is contrasting with observations at the scale of a regionally homogeneous rural site made in 2017. These results improve our understanding of the spatial behavior of tracers of PBOA emission sources, which need to be better characterized to further implement this important OM-mass fraction into CTM models.</p>
Abundance of trees and seedlings, climatic, and soil variables in 36 20x20 m permanent plots in peri-urban Andean forests of Colombia
<p>The study was conducted on the Eastern Andean Cordillera of Colombia, in remnant forests occurring in the high-plain where Bogotá lies, one of the largest cities in Latin America. The high-plain covers an area of about 185,000 ha at an average altitude of 2600 meters above sea level (m a.s.l.). We selected six study sites, distributed in the Eastern and Western slopes of the mountain range that surrounds the high-plain, which exhibit different climatic and edaphic characteristics. Five of the sites were located in the suburban municipalities of Soacha (So), San Francisco (Sf), Guasca (Gu), Tabio (Ta), and the last one, Torca (To), located in a large forest fragment at the periphery of Bogotá. Sites were selected so that they encompassed both early- and late-successional or old-growth forest patches. <br> Within each site, we established three 20 m x 20 m plots in early-successional forests (E) and three 20 m x 20 m plots in late-successional (L) for a total of 36 permanent plots. Here, we present climatic and soil variables for each plot and also the abundances of all tree, shrub, palm, and tree-fern individuals with DAH> 5 cm included in each plot. For simplicity we refer to these as "trees" (-t). Within each plot, we additionally established four subplots of 2 m x 2 m, where we tagged and measured all seedlings> 5 cm in height and DAH ≤ 1 cm; we also present the abundances of the seedlings (-s).</p> <p>Vouchers were collected for each tree and seedling species or morphospecies and identified with the help of an expert botanist and using the resources of the herbarium of the Bogotá Botanical Garden (JBB). Vouchers specimens were stored at the herbarium of the Alexander von Humboldt Biological Resources Research Institute (FMB). Overall, we recorded Vouchers that were not identified to species were assigned a standardized morphospecies and were all included in the analyzes.</p>
Data from: Climate variables explain neutral and adaptive variation within salmonid metapopulations: the importance of replication in landscape genetics
Understanding how environmental variation influences population genetic structure is important for conservation management because it can reveal how human stressors influence population connectivity, genetic diversity, and persistence. We used riverscape genetics modeling to assess whether climatic and habitat variables were related to neutral and adaptive patterns of genetic differentiation (population specific and pairwise FST) within five metapopulations (79 populations, 4,583 individuals) of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Columbia River Basin, USA. Using 151 putatively neutral and 29 candidate adaptive SNP loci, we found that climate-related variables (winter precipitation, summer maximum temperature, winter highest 5% flow events, and summer mean flow) often explained neutral and adaptive patterns of genetic differentiation within metapopulations, suggesting that climatic variation likely influences both demography (neutral variation) and local adaptation (adaptive variation). However, we did not observe consistent relationships between climate variables and FST across all metapopulations, underscoring the need for replication when extrapolating results from one scale to another (e.g., basin-wide to the metapopulation scale). Sensitivity analysis (leave-one-population-out) revealed consistent relationships between climate variables and FST within three metapopulations; however, these patterns were not consistent in two metapopulations likely due to small sample sizes (N = 10). These results provide correlative evidence that climatic variation has shaped the genetic structure of steelhead populations and highlight the need for replication and sensitivity analyses in land and riverscape genetics.
Data from: Effects of postglacial phylogeny and genetic diversity on the growth variability and climate sensitivity of European silver fir
<p>The zip file contains almost 2000 tree ring width data in Tucson format (rwl) from 78 sites across the Carpathian Mountains in Europe. In addition, genetic data used in the study are also attached. The datasets were used in the paper on <strong>Effects of postglacial phylogeny and genetic diversity on the growth variability and climate sensitivity of European silver fir </strong>published in Journal of Ecology.</p>
Accounting for Pacific climate variability increases projected global warming_v1
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Climate variability and aridity modulate the role of leaf shelters for arthropods: a global experiment
<p class="MsoNormal">Current climate change is disrupting biotic interactions and eroding biodiversity worldwide. However, species sensitive to aridity, high temperatures and climate variability might find shelter in microclimatic refuges, such as leaf rolls built by arthropods. To explore how the importance of leaf shelters for terrestrial arthropods changes with latitude, elevation, and climate, we conducted a distributed experiment comparing arthropods in leaf rolls vs. control leaves across 52 sites along an 11,790 km latitudinal gradient. We then probed the impact of short- versus long-term climatic impacts on roll use, by comparing the relative impact of conditions during the experiment versus average, baseline conditions at the site. Leaf shelters supported larger organisms and higher arthropod biomass and species diversity than non-rolled control leaves. However, the magnitude of the leaf rolls' effect differed between long- and short-term climate conditions, metrics (species richness, biomass, and body size), and trophic groups (predators vs. herbivores). The effect of leaf rolls on predator richness was influenced only by baseline climate, increasing in magnitude in regions experiencing increased long-term aridity, regardless of latitude, elevation, and weather during the experiment. This suggests that shelter use by predators may be innate, and thus, driven by natural selection. In contrast, the effect of leaf rolls on predator biomass and predator body size decreased with increasing temperature, and increased with increasing precipitation, respectively, during the experiment. The magnitude of shelter usage by herbivores increased with the abundance of predators and decreased with increasing temperature during the experiment. Taken together, these results highlight that leaf roll use may have both proximal and ultimate causes. Projected increases in climate variability and aridity are therefore likely to increase the importance of biotic refugia in mitigating the effects of climate change on species persistence.</p>
Data and climate variable selection from: Effects of density, species interactions and environmental stochasticity on the dynamics of British bird communities
<p>Our knowledge of the factors affecting species abundances is mainly based on time-series analyses of a few well-studied species at single or few localities, but we know little about whether results from such analyses can be extrapolated to the community level. We apply a Joint Species Distribution Model to long-term time-series data on British bird communities to examine the relative contribution of intra- and interspecific density dependence at different spatial scales, as well as the influence of environmental stochasticity, to spatio-temporal interspecific variation in abundance. Intraspecific density dependence has the major structuring effect on these bird communities. In addition, environmental fluctuations affect spatiotemporal differences in abundance. In contrast, species interactions had a minor impact on variation in abundance. Thus, important drivers of single-species dynamics are also strongly affecting dynamics of communities in time and space.</p>
Reproduction data and code for "The social cost of carbon dioxide under climate-economy feedbacks and temperature variability"
<p>### Data for Kikstra et al. 2021, ERL, The social cost of carbon dioxide under climate-economy feedbacks and temperature variability</p> <p>This repository contains data and scripts for the main text figures in the article Kikstra, J.S., Waidelich, P., Rising J., Yumashev, D., Hope, C., Brierley, C.M. (2021) The social cost of carbon dioxide under climate-economy feedbacks and temperature variability, Environmental Research Letters. DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1d0b">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac1d0b</a></p> <p>##### Authors<br> - Jarmo S. Kikstra<br> - Paul Waidelich<br> - James Rising<br> - Dmitry Yumashev<br> - Chris Hope<br> - Chris M. Brierly</p> <p>Correspondence: kikstra@iiasa.ac.at</p> <p>##### Data repository structure<br> - data # hosts all data that is used to produce the main text figures<br> - growth-effects # hosts model data for results from model runs with persistent damages, for figure 3 and figure 4<br> - PAGE-ANN-Growth_ModelResults_PersistenceDistribution # annual PAGE version, empirical persistence distribution<br> - PAGE-arVAR-Growth_ModelResults_PersistenceDistribution # annual PAGE version with temperature variability, empirical persistence distribution<br> - PAGE-Growth_ModelResults_FixedPersistence # main version, with 10 time steps, fixed persistence levels<br> - PAGE-Growth_ModelResults_LowPassFilterPersistenceDistribution # main version, with 10 time steps, low pass filter persistence distribution<br> - PAGE-Growth_ModelResults_PersistenceDistribution # main version, with 10 time steps, empirical persistence distribution<br> - page-ice # model data for results from PAGE-ICE base model runs<br> - scco2-montecarlo # for figure 6 data<br> - update-page # for figure 2 data<br> - variability # for figure 5 data<br> - extended data # hosts other data used in the manuscript or which we simply want to publish alongside. Example for naming convention for each variable in […] behind the files.<br> - economic-impact # model output variables “EquityWeighting_ te_totaleffect{_ann_yr}.csv” [PAGE-ICE_SSP1-1.9_discountedimpacts.csv]<br> - montecarlo-draws # model output variable “trialdata.csv” [PAGE-ICE_SSP1-1.9_trialdata.csv]<br> - sensitivity # hosts selected sensitivity analysis data used in the appendix<br> - temperature # model output variable “ClimateTemperature_rt_g_globaltemperature.csv” [PAGE-ICE_SSP1-1.9_globaltemperature.csv]<br> - scripts # has one script for each main text figure,<br> - figures # hosts main text figures as they come out of the scripts<br> - README.md # explanation for the repository</p>
The Fingerprint of Climate Variability on the Surface Ocean Cycling of Iron and its Isotopes
<p>Monthly-average netcdf output files on the ORCA2 grid of NEMO/PISCES Fe isotope model experiments run under variable climatic conditions.</p>
Interspecific trait variability and local soil conditions modulate grassland model community responses to climate
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b> </b>High elevation grasslands provide critical services in agriculture and ecosystem stabilization. However, these ecosystems face elevated risks of disturbance due to predicted soil and climate changes. We experimentally exposed model grassland communities, comprised of three species grown on either local or reference soil, to varied climatic environments along an elevational gradient in the European Alps, measuring the effects on species and community traits. Although species-specific biomass varied across soil and climate, species' proportional contributions to community-level biomass production remained consistent. Where species experienced low survivorship, species-specific biomass production was maintained through increased production of surviving individuals. Species responded directionally to climatic variation, segregating differentially by plant traits (including height, reproduction, biomass, survival, leaf dry weight, and leaf area) across all sites. Local soil variation drove stochastic trait responses across all species. This soil variability obscured climate-driven responses: we recorded no directional trait responses driven by climate. Our species-based approach contributes to our understanding of grassland community stabilization and suggests that these communities show some stability under climatic variation. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Interspecific trait variability and local soil conditions modulate grassland model community responses to climate
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Data and climate variable selection from: Effects of density, species interactions and environmental stochasticity on the dynamics of British bird communities
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Data from: Variability of the atmospheric PM10 microbiome in three climatic regions of France
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Abundance of trees and seedlings, climatic, and soil variables in 36 20x20 m permanent plots in peri-urban Andean forests of Colombia
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Data from: Climate variables explain neutral and adaptive variation within salmonid metapopulations: the importance of replication in landscape genetics
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Climate variability and aridity modulate the role of leaf shelters for arthropods: a global experiment
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Data from: Association of genetic and climatic variability in giant sequoia, Sequoiadendron giganteum, reveals signatures of local adaptation along moisture-related gradients
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Climate model variability leads to uncertain predictions of the future abundance of stream macroinvertebrates
<p>All these files belong to the figures of the paper entitled "Climate model variability leads to uncertain predictions of the future abundance of stream macroinvertebrates" which is about to be published in the journal "<em>Scientific Reports</em>".</p>
FESOM output supporting stronger variability in the Arctic Ocean in a warming climate
<p>FESOM simulation results used in the manuscript "Stronger variability in the Arctic Ocean induced by sea ice decline in a warming climate".</p>
Influences of climatic and social environment on variable maternal allocation among offspring in Alpine marmots
<p>4 dataset corresponding to the four models described.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.