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328
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328 results for “Ecology: community”
Data from: Calcareous nannoplankton ecology and community change across the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum
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Data from: Using camera trapping and hierarchical occupancy modelling to evaluate the spatial ecology of an African mammal community
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Data from: Ecological and evolutionary diversification within the genus Carex (Cyperaceae): consequences for community assembly in subarctic fens
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Data from: Cross-scale dynamics in community and disease ecology: relative timescales shape the community ecology of pathogens
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Patterns of mosquito and arbovirus community composition and ecological indexes of arboviral risk in the northeast United States
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Data from: Ants as ecological indicators of rainforest restoration: community convergence and the development of an Ant Forest Indicator Index in the Australian wet tropics
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Data from: Evolution of camouflage drives rapid ecological change in an insect community
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Data from: Ecological incumbency impedes stochastic community assembly in Holocene foraminifera from the Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea
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Ecological interactions shape the evolution of flower colour in communities across a temperate biodiversity hotspot
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Constructing a social-behavioral association network to study management impact on waterbird community ecology using digital video recording cameras
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Data from: Population density and size influence pollen dispersal pattern and mating system of the predominantly outcrossed Banksia nivea (Proteaceae) in a threatened ecological community
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The ecological legacy effects of redlining on urban landscapes and bird communities in Durham, North Carolina
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Data from: Community science validates climate suitability projections from ecological niche modeling
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Identifying mechanisms for successful ecological restoration with salvaged topsoil in coastal sage scrub communities
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Geographical Ecology of Dry Forest Tree Communities in the West Indies
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Molecular ecological network analyses: An effective conservation tool for the assessment of biodiversity, trophic interactions, and community structure
<p>Global biodiversity is threatened by the anthropogenic restructuring of animal communities, which rewires species interaction networks in real-time as individuals are extirpated or introduced. Conservation science and adaptive ecosystem management demands more rapid, quantitative, and non-invasive technologies for robustly capturing changing biodiversity and quantifying species interactions. Here we develop molecular ecological network analyses (MENA) as an ecosystem assessment tool to address these needs. To construct the ecological network, we used environmental DNA from feces to identify the plant and mammal diet of two carnivores: puma (<i>Puma concolor</i>) and bobcat (<i>Lynx rufus</i>); two omnivores: coyote (<i>Canis latrans</i>) and gray fox (<i>Urocyon cinereoargenteus</i>); and two herbivores: black-tailed deer (<i>Odocoileus hemionus</i>) and black-tailed jackrabbit (<i>Lepus californicus)</i> in a well-studied Californian reserve<i>. </i>To evaluate MENA as a comprehensive biodiversity tool, we applied our framework to identify the structure of the network, patterns of trophic interactions, key species, and to assess its utility in capturing the biodiversity of the area. The high dietary taxonomic resolution enabled the assessment of species diversity, niche breadth and overlap. The network analysis revealed a dense ecological network with a high diversity of weakly connected species and a community that is highly modular and non-nested. The significant prevalence of tri-trophic chain and exploitative competition patterns indicates (i) the removal or reintroduction of a top predator would trigger a trophic cascade within this community, directly affecting their prey and indirectly the plant communities, and (ii) the potential impact of indirect effects between two predators that consume the same prey. These results suggest that the recent resurgence of puma in the study area may impact the herbaceous and woody vegetation and the population size of other predators. This effect of fluctuating predator populations and plant communities could be predicted through MENA's fine-scale assessment of the diet selection and the identified keystone species. Although just using a subset of species, MENA more rapidly, accurately, and effectively captured the broader biodiversity of the area in comparison to other methodologies. MENA reconstructed and unveiled the hidden complexity in trophic structure and interaction networks within the community, providing a promising toolkit for biodiversity and ecosystem management.</p>
Figure 6 in Inter-oceanic comparison of planktonic copepod ecology (vertical distribution, abundance, community structure, population structure and body size) between the Okhotsk Sea and Oyashio region in autumn
Figure 6. Vertical distribution of the prosome length ratios of the copepods (PLOkhotsk: PLOyashio) (left) and temperature anomalies (°C: TOkhotsk – TOyashio) (right) between the Okhotsk Sea (St. OK24) and Oyashio region (St. 19) evaluated by IONESS from October to November 1996. The vertical distribution of each copepod is calculated by daily duplicate samples in the Okhotsk Sea (symbols and bars indicate the means and standard deviations of D50%, respectively). For inter-oceanic comparison, the dashed lines in each panel indicate that the positions of values of both regions are equal.
Figure 1 in Inter-oceanic comparison of planktonic copepod ecology (vertical distribution, abundance, community structure, population structure and body size) between the Okhotsk Sea and Oyashio region in autumn
Figure 1. Location of the sampling stations in the Okhotsk Sea and Oyashio region from September to December in 1996–1998. ○: closing net sampling, ●: closing net and IONESS sampling.
Intraspecific dietary variation in niche partitioning within a community of ecologically similar snakes
<p><span>Niche partitioning is an important mechanism for allowing ecologically similar species to coexist, contributing to biodiversity and the functioning of ecological communities. Species partition niches by taking advantage of environmental heterogeneity. However, niche partitioning and species coexistence investigations often do not include intraspecific variation or individual differences like sex and body size even though these factors can have important ecological consequences. Such intrapopulation factors can reduce the number of individuals among species that overlap in resource use and potentially facilitate coexistence. Using stable isotopes (δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N), we quantified dietary differences among three ecologically similar, sympatric watersnake species: <i>Nerodia erythrogaster</i>, <i>N. rhombifer </i>and <i>N. sipedon</i>. Additionally for each species, we determined intraspecific dietary patterns and determined how those within-species patterns may contribute to dietary niche partitioning among species. <i>Nerodia erythrogaster </i>fed more on terrestrial prey, while <i>N. rhombifer </i>fed at higher trophic levels. Females across species fed at higher trophic levels than did males, and isotopic variance differed between the sexes in <i>N. sipedon</i>. Larger watersnakes foraged at higher trophic levels and fed more on terrestrial prey. Each watersnake species had a distinct diet that overlapped to some degree with the other species' diets, but these diets varied both between sexes and among size groups within species. This inter- and intraspecific dietary variation can facilitate species coexistence by reducing the number of individuals from all species that use the same resources. Intraspecific variation can add important and nuanced layers to the evolution of species coexistence, and research on interspecific niche relationships needs to increasingly consider the effects of these intraspecific variations.</span></p>
Reappraising plastid markers of the red algae for phylogenetic community ecology in the gnomic era
<p>Selection of appropriate genetic markers to quantify phylogenetic diversity is crucial for phylogenetic community ecology studies. Yet, systematic evaluation of marker genes for this purpose is scarcely done. Recently, the combined effort of the phycological community has produced a rich plastid genome resource with taxonomic representation spanning all of the major lineages of the red algae (Rhodophyta). As a proof-of-concept study, we leverage this resource to develop and apply a phylogenomic strategy to seek candidate plastid markers that best capture the identity of component species in an eDNA metabarcoding study. We ranked the core plastid genes of 107 published plastid genomes based on various sequence-derived properties and their tree distance to plastid genome phylogenies and found that the most widely used marker, <i>rbc</i>L,<i> </i>is not necessarily the optimal marker, while more informative markers might have been overlooked. We designed and tested PCR primers for several candidate marker genes, and successfully amplified one of these, <i>rpoC1</i>, for a taxonomically broad set of red algal specimens. We suggest that our general marker identification methodology and the <i>rpoC1</i> primers will be useful to the phycological community for eDNA metabarcoding of the red algae.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.