Find research datasets worth reusing

Fig. 10 in Eight new species of Gulella Pfeiffer, 1856 from the south-east coast of South Africa (Gastropoda: Streptaxidae)

Fig. 10. Distribution map of Gulella abbotti sp. nov. (purple triangles) and G. maraisi sp. nov. (orange circles). Contour at 1000 m.

Fig. 6. A in Eight new species of Gulella Pfeiffer, 1856 from the south-east coast of South Africa (Gastropoda: Streptaxidae)

Fig. 6. A. Distribution map of Gulella donaikeni sp. nov. (red circles) and G. calcicola sp. nov. (blue triangles) in the Marble Delta region of southern KwaZulu-Natal. B. Google Earth image of distribution of G. donaikeni (red symbols) south of the Mzimkulu River and G. calcicola (blue symbols) north of the Mzimkulu River.

Fig. 9 in Eight new species of Gulella Pfeiffer, 1856 from the south-east coast of South Africa (Gastropoda: Streptaxidae)

Fig. 9. Gulella abbotti sp. nov., holotype (NMSA W9602/T4522), length 2.55 mm, width 0.81 mm. A. Aperture view. B. Side view. C. View into aperture. D. Oblique view of base showing umbilicus. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 3 in Eight new species of Gulella Pfeiffer, 1856 from the south-east coast of South Africa (Gastropoda: Streptaxidae)

Fig. 3. Gulella fordycei sp. nov., holotype (NMSA P1679/T4525), length 2.34 mm, width 1.06 mm. A. Aperture view. B. Side view. C. Oblique view into aperture. D. Oblique view of base showing umbilicus. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 34 in A Synopsis Of African Metellina (Aranei, Tetragnathidae, Metainae) With Description Of A New Species From South Africa

Fig. 34. Type localities of species from Africa and adjacent islands now considered in Metellina or either described or considered in Meta: 1 — Tetragnatha maculata; 2 — Metellina barreti; 3 — M. minima; 4 — M. villiersi; 5 — M. longipalpis; 6 — M. gertschi; 7 — "Meta" meruensis; 8 — Metellina merianopsis; 9 — M. haddadi sp. n., 10 — Tetragnatha vacillans.

Fig. 5–8 in A Synopsis Of African Metellina (Aranei, Tetragnathidae, Metainae) With Description Of A New Species From South Africa

Fig. 5–8. Male palp of Metellina haddadi sp. n.: 5 — whole palp showing comparative length of segments and length of setae; 6–8 — distal part, ventro-retrolateral, ventral-prolateral and prolateral. Scale bar 0.2 mm. A b b r e v i a t i o n s: Co — conductor; Ct — tip of conductor; Dp — dorsal part of Pl; Eb — base of embolus; Em — embolus; Lp — lateral part of Pl; Pf — deep fovea of paracymbium; Pl — dorso-lateral branch of paracymbium; Pv — ventral branch of paracymbium.

Fig. 29–31 in A Synopsis Of African Metellina (Aranei, Tetragnathidae, Metainae) With Description Of A New Species From South Africa

Fig. 29–31. Epigyne of Metellina haddadi sp. n. ventro-caudal, central and caudal. Scale bar 1 mm. Abbreviations: Af — anterior fovea of epigynal plate; Me — median plate; Pi — shallow pit of Me; Sp — transversal sclerotized plate.

Fig. 9–16 in A Synopsis Of African Metellina (Aranei, Tetragnathidae, Metainae) With Description Of A New Species From South Africa

Fig. 9–16. Copulatory organs of Metellina haddadi sp. n.: 9–11 — bulb, prolateral; ventral and anterior; 12–13 — bulb, anterior-prolateral, different aspects; 14–15 — distal part of male palp, ventral and dorsal; 16 — epigyne, ventral. Scale 0.2 mm, if indicated. A b b r e v i a t i o n s: Co — conductor; Ct — tip of conductor; Dc — deep cavity of Mp; Em — embolus; Ll — lamellate process of Eb; Mp — main part of Eb; Sp — transversal sclerotized plate.

Fig. 20–24 in A Synopsis Of African Metellina (Aranei, Tetragnathidae, Metainae) With Description Of A New Species From South Africa

Fig. 20–24. Male chelicera and bulb of Metellina haddadi sp. n.: 20 —helicera, mesal; 21–22 — distal part of chelicera, mesal-posterior and mesal-anterior; 23–24 — bulb, retrolateral and anterior-retrolateral. Scale bar 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: Co — conductor; Ct — tip of conductor; Em — embolus; Ll — lamellate process of Eb; Mp — main part of embolic base.

Fig. 1–4 in A Synopsis Of African Metellina (Aranei, Tetragnathidae, Metainae) With Description Of A New Species From South Africa

Fig. 1–4. Habitus of Metellina haddadi sp. n.: 1–2 — male, dorsal and lateral; 3–4 — female, lateral and dorsal.

opencc-zeroSep 2022View details →

dryad40/100

Data from: Network-based biostratigraphy for the late Permian to mid-Triassic Beaufort Group (Karoo Supergroup) in South Africa enhances biozone applicability and stratigraphic correlation

The Permo-Triassic vertebrate assemblage zones (AZs) of South Africa's Karoo Basin are a standard for local and global correlations. However, temporal, geographical, and methodological limitations challenge the AZs reliability. We analyze a unique fossil dataset comprising 1408 occurrences of 115 species grouped into 19 stratigraphic bin intervals from the Cistecephalus, Daptocephalus, Lystrosaurus declivis, and Cynognathus AZs. Using network science tools we compare six frameworks: Broom, Rubidge, Viglietti, Member, Formation, including a framework suggesting diachroneity of the Daptocephalus/Lystrosaurus AZ boundary (Gastaldo). Our results demonstrate that historical frameworks (Broom, Rubidge) still identify the Karoo AZs. No scheme supports the Cistecephalus AZ, and it likely comprises two discrete communities. The Lystrosaurus declivis AZ is traced across all frameworks, despite many shared species with the underlying Daptocephalus AZ, suggesting the extinction event across this interval is not a statistical artifact. A community shift at the upper Katberg to lower Burgersdorp formations may indicate a depositional hiatus, which has important implications for regional correlations and Mesozoic ecosystem evolution. The Gastaldo model still identifies a Lystrosaurus and Daptocephalus AZ community shift, does not significantly improve recent AZ models (Viglietti), and highlights important issues with some AZ studies. Localized bed-scale lithostratigraphy (sandstone datums), and singleton fossils cannot be used to reject the patterns shown by hundreds of fossils, and regional chronostratigraphic markers of the Karoo foreland basin. Meter-level occurrence data suggest that 20–50 m sampling intervals capture Karoo AZs, unifying the use of meter-level placements of singleton fossils to delineate biozone boundaries and make regional correlations.

Figs 19–22. 19–20 in Review of the genera Elaphinis and Parelaphinis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) with description of three new species from South Africa

Figs 19–22. 19–20 – males of Elaphinis (E.) matatiele sp. nov. (19) and of E. (E.) cinereonebulosa (De Geer, 1778) (20) in their respective natural habitats at Matatiele and Willowmore. 21–22 – typical habitat of E. matatiele sp. nov. in the grassland of Mount Hargreaves, above the Eastern Cape town of Matatiele (21) and of E. cinereonebulosa in the highland grasslands of the Winterberge range of the Eastern Cape. Photographs: Lynette Clennell.

Figs 53–61 in Review of the genera Elaphinis and Parelaphinis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) with description of three new species from South Africa

Figs 53–61. Parelaphinis moesta (Gory & Percheron, 1833). 53–60 – male; 61 – female. 53, 61 – dorsal habitus; 54 – ventral habitus; 55 – lateral habitus; 56 – clypeus; 57 – pygidium; 58 – parameres, dorsal view; 59 – parameres, lateral view; 60 – parameres, frontal view. Photographs: Lynette Clennell (53–60), Gerhard Beinhundner (61).

Fig. 23 in Review of the genera Elaphinis and Parelaphinis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) with description of three new species from South Africa

Fig. 23. Known distribution of Elaphinis (E.) cinereonebulosa (De Geer, 1778) and E. (E.) matatiele sp. nov. within South Africa, as well as outline of Wahlberg's ʻCaffrariaʼ (black dotted frame) with position of estimated type locality of E. (M.) pumila Boheman, 1857 (map adapted from www.wikimedia.org).

Figs 1–9 in Review of the genera Elaphinis and Parelaphinis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) with description of three new species from South Africa

Figs 1–9. Elaphinis (E.) matatiele sp. nov. 1–8 – holotype male; 9 – female. 1, 9 – dorsal habitus; 2 – ventral habitus; 3 – lateral habitus; 4 – clypeus; 5 – pygidium; 6 – parameres, dorsal view; 7 – parameres, lateral view; 8 – parameres, frontal view. Photographs: Lynette Clennell.

Fig. 66 in Review of the genera Elaphinis and Parelaphinis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) with description of three new species from South Africa

Fig. 66. Known distribution of Parelaphinis moesta (Gory & Percheron, 1833), P. drakensbergica sp. nov. and P. umtamvuna sp. nov. within southern Africa (map adapted from www.wikimedia.org); grey dot indicates doubtful record of P. moesta from Gauteng, as discussed in text.

Figs 10–18 in Review of the genera Elaphinis and Parelaphinis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) with description of three new species from South Africa

Figs 10–18. Elaphinis (E.) cinereonebulosa (De Geer, 1778). 10–17 – typical male; 18 – female. 10, 18 – dorsal habitus; 11 – ventral habitus; 12 – lateral habitus; 13 – clypeus; 14 – pygidium; 15 – parameres, dorsal view; 16 – parameres, lateral view; 17 – parameres, frontal view. Photographs: Lynette Clennell (10–17); Gerhard Beinhundner (18).

Figs 35–42 in Review of the genera Elaphinis and Parelaphinis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) with description of three new species from South Africa

Figs 35–42. Parelaphinis drakensbergica sp. nov. (holotype male). 35 – dorsal habitus; 36 – ventral habitus; 37 – lateral habitus; 38 – clypeus; 39 – pygidium; 40 – parameres, dorsal view; 41 – parameres, lateral view; 42 – parameres, frontal view. Photographs: Lynette Clennell.

Fig. 4 in A new Copelatus with small eyes from the Eastern Cape Wild Coast, South Africa (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

Fig. 4. Southern African Copelatus species compound eyes, all to same scale. A – C. mkambati sp. nov., paratype male; B – C. capensis Sharp, 1882 (Groote River, South Africa); C – C. erichsoni Guérin-Méneville, 1847 (St Lucia, South Africa); D – C. pulchellus (Klug, 1834) (St Lucia, South Africa).

Fig. 1. Copelatus species. A – C in A new Copelatus with small eyes from the Eastern Cape Wild Coast, South Africa (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

Fig. 1. Copelatus species. A – C. mkambati sp. nov. holotype male habitus; B – C. mkambati sp. nov., paratype female habitus; C – C. macellus Guignot, 1950, holotype male habitus; D – C. macellus, holotype labels. Scale bar applies to A–C. Figs C & D: © MNHN/Christophe Rivier.