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FIG. 2. — Galathowenia minuta n in Review of Oweniidae Rioja, 1917 (Annelida, Palaeoannelida) from Malaysia, with a description of two new species and a key to South China Sea species
FIG. 2. — Galathowenia minuta n. sp. holotype, UMTAnn 2184: A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, posterior end, lateral view; C, grain sand cemented tube; midbody part; D, grain sand cemented tube; posterior end; E, posterior chaetigers with long capillary chaeta; lateral view; F, transverse rows of hooked uncini; mid body; G, hooked uncini in oblique position mid body. Abbreviation: S, segment. Scale bars: A, B, 200 µm; C, D, E, 100 µm; F, G, 10 µm.
FIG. 3. — Owenia unipinnata n in Review of Oweniidae Rioja, 1917 (Annelida, Palaeoannelida) from Malaysia, with a description of two new species and a key to South China Sea species
FIG. 3. — Owenia unipinnata n. sp. holotype, UMTAnn 2186: A, complete full body of individual, with posterior part slightly bend towards the body; B, anterior end, ventral view, stained using rose bengal (microscopic image) with schematic diagram (completed with numbered arrows) of tentacular crown showing simple solitary ramification; C, anterior end, ventral (left) and dorsal (right) views, stained using methylene blue; D, flattened posterior end with broken lobes and gold coloured notochaeta; E, capillary chaeta with densely packed scales; F, hooked uncini with left teeth bend towards the right teeth; G, tori almost encircles the body; H, overlapping quartz grains and shell fragments of tube. Number 1, 2, 3, indicate the number of ramifications. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, C, D, G, H, 100 µm; E, F, 5 µm.
FIG. 1 in Review of Oweniidae Rioja, 1917 (Annelida, Palaeoannelida) from Malaysia, with a description of two new species and a key to South China Sea species
FIG. 1. — Sampling positions along the coastal defence structure areas of Kuala Nerus, Terengganu: station 1, groyne (1.1: 5°23'25.7"N, 103°06'59.9"E; 1.2: 5°23'47.5"N, 103°07'04.3"E; 1.3: 5°23'58.0"N, 103°06'26.6"E); station 2, semi-enclosed jetty type breakwater (Inside lagoon: 5°24'08.2"N, 103°06'06.6"E; Outside lagoon: 5°24'12.6"N, 103°06'15.5"E); station 3, parallel breakwater without tombolo (3.1: 5°24'21.6"N, 103°05'56.7"E; 3.2: 5°24'32.4"N, 103°05'54.2"E; 3.3: 5°24'32.0"N, 103°05'45.7"E); station 4, Parallel breakwater with tombolo (4.1: 5°24'38.2"N, 103°05'39.4"E; 4.2: 5°24'45.9"N, 103°05'40.3"E; 4.3: 5°24'42.9"N, 103°05'33.4"E); station 5, Batu Rakit (5°27'09.0"N, 103°02'58.4"E).
Table 3 in Neohexostoma gymnosardae n. sp. (Monogenea, Hexostomatidae), a gill parasite of Gymnosarda unicolor (Valenciennes) (Teleostei, Scombridae) in the South China Sea
<p><b>Table 3.</b> Measurements of <i>Neohexostoma gymnosardae</i> n. sp. from <i>Gymnosarda unicolor</i> from the South China Sea, and <i>Neohexostoma</i> spp.</p><table><tbody><tr><th></th><th><i>N. gymnosardae</i></th><th><i>N. mochimae N. kawakawa</i></th><th><i>N. thunninae</i></th><th><i>N. euthynni</i></th><th><i>N. extensicaudum N. robustum</i></th><th><i>N. pricei</i></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th></th><td>n. sp.</td><td>Fuentes-Zambrano,</td><td>Yamaguti,</td><td>(Parona &</td><td>(Meserve,</td><td>(Dawes, 1940)</td><td>Price, 1961</td><td>(Koratha,</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>1997</td><td>1968</td><td>Perugia,</td><td>1938)</td><td></td><td></td><td>1955)</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1889)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Hosts <i>Gymnosarda unicolor</i></th><td><i>Auxis thazard</i></td><td><i>Euthynnus</i></td><td><i>Thynnus</i></td><td><i>Euthynnus alleteratus</i></td><td><i>Thunnus thynnus Thunnus obesus Sarda sarda</i></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td><i>yaito</i></td><td><i>thunninae</i></td><td>[<i>Euthynnus lineatus</i>]</td><td></td><td><i>(Parathynnus</i></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td><i>Neothunnuus</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><i>sibi)</i></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td><i>macropterus</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Locality</th><td>South China Sea, P.</td><td>Venezuela, A.</td><td>Hawaii, P.</td><td>Italy, M.</td><td>Galapagos Islands, P.</td><td>English</td><td>Tropical Pacific Texas, A.</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>[Baja California, P.]</td><td>Channel, A.</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Source</th><td>Present study</td><td>[35]</td><td>[34]</td><td>[24, 25]</td><td>[20] [21]</td><td>[7]</td><td>[26]</td><td>[17]</td></tr><tr><th>Body length 9660–18800 (13827)</th><td>4444–6166 (5093)</td><td>4900–8400</td><td>11,000–12,000</td><td>5853 [3570–5850]</td><td>11,000</td><td>17,000</td><td>4500</td></tr><tr><th>Body width</th><td>2875–5375(3847)</td><td>874–1160 (1011)</td><td>70–180</td><td>2000</td><td>953 [740–950]</td><td>3300</td><td>4000–4700</td><td>400–850</td></tr><tr><th>Haptor length 1172–1810 (1 446)</th><td>665–1140 (903)</td><td></td><td></td><td>953</td><td></td><td></td><td>440</td></tr><tr><th>Haptor width</th><td>1369–2582 (1827)</td><td>1273–1615 (1444)</td><td>1200–1550</td><td>1500</td><td>1300</td><td></td><td></td><td>750–850</td></tr><tr><th>Clamps</th><td>1st pair: 275–506</td><td>Anterior 3 clamps:</td><td>224–370</td><td>1st pairs:</td><td>203 × 339 [Anterior 3</td><td>0.067**</td><td>1st pair:</td><td>Anterior two pairs:</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>× 505–697</td><td>122–209</td><td>× 200–230</td><td>275 × 220</td><td>clamps:</td><td></td><td>500 × 750</td><td>500 × 340</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(415 × 594)</td><td>× 200–315</td><td></td><td></td><td>153–255 × 221–403,</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>(164 × 250)</td><td></td><td></td><td>posterior-most pair:</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>156–238 × 194–332]</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>2nd pair: 327–477</td><td>Posterior clamp:</td><td></td><td>2nd pairs:</td><td></td><td>0.030***</td><td>2nd pair:</td><td>3rd pair:</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>× 577–713</td><td>94–177 ×</td><td></td><td>225 × 180</td><td></td><td></td><td>600 × 850</td><td>460 × 340</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(395 × 620)</td><td>117–198 (126 × 166)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>3rd pair: 302–455</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>3rd pair:</td><td>4th pair: 375 × 300</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>× 475–624</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>500 × 670</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(376 × 587)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>4th pair: 233–358</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>4th pair:</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>× 389–496</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>350 × 500</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(316 × 447)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Oral sucker</th><td>62–99 ×</td><td>29–30 ×</td><td>28–45*</td><td></td><td>56 × 40[27–56 × 24–40]</td><td>– × 100</td><td></td><td>40 × 30</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>51–102 (83 × 70)</td><td>28–30(30 × 29)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Pharynx</th><td>63–93 ×</td><td>40–13 ×</td><td>40–58 ×</td><td></td><td>[44–68 × 26–36]</td><td>100 × 70</td><td></td><td>75 × 45</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>49–58 (82 × 55)</td><td>24–29 (42 × 26)</td><td>23–35</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Vagina</th><td>244–359 ×</td><td>10–40 (35)*</td><td>Pads: 60–80</td><td>54*</td><td></td><td>600 × 350</td><td></td><td>Right pad: 55 × 24</td></tr><tr><th>191–250 (302 × 221)</th><td></td><td>× 20–30</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Left pad: 70 × 24</td></tr><tr><th>Genital atrium 92–321 ×</th><td></td><td>40–70*</td><td></td><td></td><td>600 × 300</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>112–348 (225 × 228)</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Large anchor</th><td>43–57 (50)</td><td>34–90(64)</td><td>85–105</td><td>135</td><td>68 [85–120]</td><td>75</td><td>100</td><td>145</td></tr><tr><th>Small anchor</th><td>39–42(41)</td><td>20–31(25)</td><td>20–40</td><td>45</td><td>34 [24 – 34]</td><td>15</td><td>40</td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Eggs</th><td>125–193 ×</td><td>182–196 ×</td><td>180–260 ×</td><td>270 × 91</td><td>168–203 × 72–80</td><td>250 × 150</td><td>220 × 110</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>91–137 (156 × 114)</td><td>74 (196 × 74)</td><td>70–160</td><td></td><td>[103–221 × 44–105]</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Egg filaments 411–719 (518)</th><td></td><td>up to 200</td><td></td><td>100 [anterior: 100–179,</td><td>250</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>posterior: 100–161]</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Testes number 185–246</th><td>30–35</td><td>13–35</td><td></td><td>26 [32 –40]</td><td></td><td>Numerous</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table><p>The width of the body given for <i>N. extensicaudum</i> is that of the third region. The data for <i>N. euthynni</i> in square brackets are from Millemann (1956) [21].</p><p><sup>*</sup> Diameter. <sup>**</sup> Ratio large clamp/body length. <sup>***</sup> Ratio small clamp/body length. A., Atlantic Ocean. M., Mediterranean Sea. P., Pacific Ocean.</p>
Table 1 in Neohexostoma gymnosardae n. sp. (Monogenea, Hexostomatidae), a gill parasite of Gymnosarda unicolor (Valenciennes) (Teleostei, Scombridae) in the South China Sea
<p><b>Table 1.</b> Species of monogeneans used in the molecular analyses.</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Species</th><th>Family</th><th>Accession No.</th><th>Reference</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th><i>Neohexostoma gymnosardae</i> n. sp.</th><td>Hexostomatidae</td><td>MN242399</td><td>Present study</td></tr><tr><th><i>Hexostoma thynni</i> (Delaroche, 1811) Rafinesque, 1815</th><td>Hexostomatidae</td><td>EF653383</td><td>[1]</td></tr><tr><th><i>Diplostamenides sciaenae</i> (Goto, 1894) Mamaev, 1986</th><td>Microcotylidae</td><td>FJ432589</td><td>Direct submission</td></tr><tr><th><i>“ Cynoscionicola branquialis ”</i></th><td>Microcotylidae</td><td>AF382050</td><td>[23]</td></tr><tr><th><i>Diclidophora denticulata</i> (Olsson, 1876) Price, 1943</th><td>Diclidophoridae</td><td>AF382047</td><td>[23]</td></tr><tr><th><i>Urocotyle nibae</i> Zhang & Xiao in Zhang, Yang & Liu, 2001</th><td>Diclidophoridae</td><td>FJ432588</td><td>Direct Submission</td></tr><tr><th><i>Gotocotyla bivaginalis</i> (Ramalingam, 1961) Rohde, 1976</th><td>Gotocotylidae</td><td>AF382039</td><td>[23]</td></tr><tr><th><i>Gotocotyla secunda</i> (Tripathi, 1954)</th><td>Gotocotylidae</td><td>AF382040</td><td>[23]</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pseudohexabothrium taeniurae</i> Agrawal, Chisholm & Whittington, 1996</th><td>Hexabothriidae</td><td>AF382035</td><td>[23]</td></tr><tr><th><i>Hypanocotyle bullardi</i> Chero, Cruces, Sáez, Camargo, Santos & Luque, 2018</th><td>Hexabothriidae</td><td>MG591249</td><td>[5]</td></tr><tr><th><i>Polystoma gallieni</i> Price, 1938</th><td>Polystomatidae</td><td>AF382064</td><td>Direct Submission</td></tr></tbody></table><p>“ <i>Cynoscionicola branquialis</i> ” was accepted as “ <i>Cynoscionicola branchialis</i> ”, but in a status of taxon inquirendum. <i>Gotocotyla secunda</i> (Tripathi, 1954) was accepted as <i>Gotocotyla acanthura</i> (Parona & Perugia, 1896) Meserve, 1938.</p>
The in situ Mg/Ca ratios of planktonic foraminifera shells in the northeastern South China Sea: an attempt to get efficient and reliable proxies
<p>Planktonic foraminifera are one of the important carrier<span>s</span> of the physico-chemical environments. Nowadays, the development of <em>in situ</em> microanalysis technology provides a new opportunity for further understanding the distribution and variation of trace element concentrations in foraminifera shells. In this study, we focus on the <em>in situ</em> Mg/Ca ratios in four planktonic foraminifera shells from the surface sediments of the northeastern slope of the South China Sea (SCS). The results of electron microprobe mapping indicate that <em>G. ruber</em> had periodic bands of high Mg contents and Mg/Ca ratios, consistent with the results of <span>LA-ICP-MS.</span> In contrast, <em>N. dutertrei</em>, <em>P. obliquiloculata,</em> and <em>G.inflata</em> had thick calcite layer with low Mg contents and Mg/Ca ratios. The Mg/Ca ratios of shells may be attributed to symbionts, but the physiological regulation may also have some contributions. Meanwhile, contaminants may lead to the relatively higher Mg/Ca ratios. Therefore, the large Mg/Ca variations in foraminifera shells are not only affected by the surrounding seawater temperature but also constrained by other factors. At last, we employed this method to reconstruct the Mg/Ca-SST in the northeastern SCS over the past ~3000 years. The similar trend to the previous SST records proves that this method is reliable. We hope that this method can be widely applied in the future due to the efficient, fast, and high spatial resolution with small sample amounts.</p>
Linked collectors and determiners for: The talitrid amphipod genus Talorchestia from the South China Sea to the Indonesian Archipelago (Crustacea, Senticaudata).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "The talitrid amphipod genus Talorchestia from the South China Sea to the Indonesian Archipelago (Crustacea, Senticaudata)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/4b84979a-e3de-4956-b9c7-91e178dd46b1">https://bionomia.net/dataset/4b84979a-e3de-4956-b9c7-91e178dd46b1</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/4b84979a-e3de-4956-b9c7-91e178dd46b1">https://gbif.org/dataset/4b84979a-e3de-4956-b9c7-91e178dd46b1</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Fig. 4 in Patterns In Community Structure Of Trawl Catches Along Coastal Area Of The South China Sea
Fig. 4. Cluster dendogram of abundance data for preference of 30 dominant fishes collected bimonthly (a) at different study sites and (b) in different months off Pattani and Narathiwat coasts between Nov.2005 and Jul.2007.
Fig. 3 in Patterns In Community Structure Of Trawl Catches Along Coastal Area Of The South China Sea
Fig. 3. Cluster dendogram of abundance data for each fish samples collected bimonthly (a) at four different zones and (b) in different months off Pattani and Narathiwat coasts between Nov.2005 and Jul.2000
Fig. 5 in Patterns In Community Structure Of Trawl Catches Along Coastal Area Of The South China Sea
Fig. 5. Cluster dendogram of benthic organisms' abundance data collected off Pattani and Narathiwat coasts between Nov.2005 and Jul.2007.
Fig. 3 in First Record Of The Gebiidean Genus Axianassa Schmitt, 1924 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Gebiidea: Axianassidae) In The West Pacific, With Description Of A New Species From The South China Sea
Fig. 3. Axianassa sinica, new species. Holotype male, IOCAS R258A-5. A. left larger cheliped, outer view; B. left larger cheliped, inner view; C. right smaller cheliped, outer view. Scale = 1 mm.
Fig. 2 in First Record Of The Gebiidean Genus Axianassa Schmitt, 1924 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Gebiidea: Axianassidae) In The West Pacific, With Description Of A New Species From The South China Sea
Fig. 2. Axianassa sinica, new species. Holotype male, IOCAS R258A-5. A. carapace, dorsal view; B. telson and uropods, dorsal view; C. right maxilliped 3, outer view; D. pereopod 2, lateral view; E. pereopod 3, lateral view; F. pereopod 4, lateral view; G. pereopod 5, lateral view. Scale = 1 mm.
Fig. 2 in Opportunistic Observations On The Distribution Of Cetaceans In The Malaysian South China, Sulu And Sulawesi Seas And An Updated Checklist Of Marine Mammals In Malaysia
Fig. 2. Map showing the locations of live sightings and strandings of various cetacean species in Peninsular Malaysia as listed in the updated checklist in Table 3. Each species' code on the map is according to the two-letter abbreviations listed in Table 3.
Fig. 1 in Opportunistic Observations On The Distribution Of Cetaceans In The Malaysian South China, Sulu And Sulawesi Seas And An Updated Checklist Of Marine Mammals In Malaysia
Fig. 1. Map showing the transect lines on which cetacean observations were conducted as well as the sightings of cetaceans that were encountered during the 2009 Prime Scientific Sailing Expedition.
Fig. 7 in Two New Sandperches (Perciformes: Pinguipedidae: Parapercis) From South China Sea, Based On Morphology And Dna Barcoding
Fig. 7. Neighbour-joining tree of P. rubromaculata and P. randalli inferred from COI gene sequences with 10000 bootstrap replicates. Bootstrap values> 50% are indicated.
Fig. 2 in Two New Sandperches (Perciformes: Pinguipedidae: Parapercis) From South China Sea, Based On Morphology And Dna Barcoding
Fig. 2. Dorsal-lateral view (above) and ventral view (below) of head showing the cephalic pore system of Parapercis kentingensis n. sp., from the holotype.
Fig. 6. Parapercis rubromaculata n in Two New Sandperches (Perciformes: Pinguipedidae: Parapercis) From South China Sea, Based On Morphology And Dna Barcoding
Fig. 6. Parapercis rubromaculata n. sp. A, dorsal view of head of holotype, fresh; B, left side of caudal fin, QM I.33860, paratype, fresh; C, dorsolateral (above) and ventral (below) views of the head showing the cephalic pore system, from the holotype.
Fig. 4 in Two New Sandperches (Perciformes: Pinguipedidae: Parapercis) From South China Sea, Based On Morphology And Dna Barcoding
Fig. 4. Neighbour-joining tree of P. kentingensis and P. shaoi inferred from COI gene sequences with 10000 bootstrap replicates. Bootstrap values> 50% are indicated.
Fig. 8 in Re-description of Thysanozoon nigropapillosum (Polycladida: Pseudocerotidae) from the South China Sea, with observations on a novel pre-copulatory structure, sexual behaviour and diet
Fig. 8. Multi-rayed star-like spicules of colonial tunicates Didemnum sp. in food pellets of Thysanozoon nigropapillosum (Hyman, 1959).
Fig. 6 in Re-description of Thysanozoon nigropapillosum (Polycladida: Pseudocerotidae) from the South China Sea, with observations on a novel pre-copulatory structure, sexual behaviour and diet
Fig. 6. Longitudinal section of Thysanozoon nigropapillosum (Hyman, 1959). A, pharynx and main intestine; B, food pellet remains inside the main intestine. fp, food pellet; mi, main intestine; ph, pharynx.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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