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896 results for “distributional ranges”
Data from: Persistence with episodic range expansion from the early Pleistocene: the distribution of genetic variation in the forest tree Corymbia calophylla (Myrtaceae) in south-western Australia
Phylogeographic patterns of trees in topographically subdued, unglaciated landscapes are under-reported, and might reflect population persistence and the influences of environment and distance over historical (~2.6Mya-present) and contemporary (recent generations) time-scales. We examined this hypothesis using genetic analyses of four slowly evolving non-coding chloroplast sequences and 16 nuclear microsatellites in the tree Corymbia calophylla from south-western Australia that has been unglaciated since the Permian (.300-250Mya). We found strong population differentiation for chloroplast DNA and low differentiation for nuclear loci, consistent with higher gene flow by pollen than seed. We identified three divergent chloroplast lineages distributed in central, north and south geographic regions, and diversifying from the early (.3.028Mya), mid- (.0.793Mya) and late- (.0.426Mya) Pleistocene, respectively. Moderate-high nucleotide diversity with population-specific haplotypes supported long-term persistence but diversification of lineages provided evidence of unexpected episodic range expansion. We suggest this pattern reflects environmental influences of climatic oscillations during progressive drying of south-western Australia from the early Pleistocene. Significant tests for isolation by environment for nuclear loci also supported an influence of contemporary environmental (aridity) conditions on genetic structure, but isolation by distance (IBD) was greater. Significant chloroplast and nuclear IBD suggested distance was a major influence on gene flow at both time-scales.
Data from: Genetic constraints of population expansion of the Carpathian lynx at the western edge of its native distribution range in Central Europe
Even though populations of many large carnivores are expanding throughout Europe, the Eurasian lynx population in the Western Carpathians seems unable to spread beyond the western boundaries of its current distributional range. Many factors, both extrinsic and intrinsic, can influence the potential for range expansion: landscape fragmentation, natal philopatry, low natural fecundity and high mortality, and low and sex-biased dispersal rates. In this study we used non-invasive genetic sampling to determine population size fluctuation, sub-structuring and social organisation of the peripheral lynx population at the Czech-Slovak border. Even though the population size has been relatively stable over the period studied (2010-2016), the individual inbreeding coefficients of residents at the end of the study were much higher than those of founders at the beginning of the study. While non-resident individuals (predominantly males) occurred regularly in the study population, only resident individuals with well-established home ranges participated in breeding and produced offspring. Almost half the offspring detected in the study (predominantly females) settled in or near the natal area. Subsequent incestuous mating resulted in production of inbred individuals, reduction of effective population size of the population, and sub-structuring of the population through formation of two distinct family lineages. Our study illustrates how social constraints, such as territoriality, breeding of residents and natal philopatry of females lead to incestuous mating in small-sized populations, especially at the periphery of their distribution. This threat should be taken into account in planning of conservation and population recovery of species with similar social structure.
Data from: Realized niche and microhabitat selection of the eastern green lizard (Lacerta viridis) at the core and periphery of its distribution range
The available range of habitats and suitable abiotic conditions like temperature and radiation tend to be narrower towards the periphery of the distribution range of species. Peripheral populations of generalist species could then be more specialized and have a smaller and differentiated realized niche (habitat niche in our study) compared to populations at the core. Likewise, patterns of microhabitat selection can differ between periphery and core. In our study we compared niche size and microhabitat selection among core (Bulgaria) and northern peripheral (Germany, Czech Republic) populations of Lacerta viridis and estimated niche differentiation among regions. We collected data on vegetation structure and abiotic parameters at the microhabitat scale in each region. In order to compare niche size among regions and estimate niche differentiation we built multidimensional niche hypervolumes. We applied generalized linear mixed models and model averaging, accounting for spatial autocorrelation when necessary, to analyze microhabitat differences among regions and microhabitat selection in each region. Peripheral populations were more specialized, having a smaller niche than core ones, and their niche differed from that in the core (Sørensen overlap in all comparisons < 0.3). Microhabitats at the periphery had lower radiation and soil compaction and less structured vegetation. Microhabitat selection at the core depended solely on abiotic parameters, while at the periphery it was defined by only vegetation structure (Czech Republic) or a combination of both, vegetation structure and abiotic factors (Germany). Thus, peripheral populations seem to compensate for overall harsher climatic conditions by responding to different parameters of the microhabitat compared to core populations. We suggest specific conservation measures for L. virids in each studied region and point out the general implications of a higher specialization degree of peripheral populations in relation to climate change and habitat fragmentation.
Data from: Range dynamics, rather than convergent selection, explain the mosaic distribution of red-winged blackbird phenotypes
Geographic distributions of genetic and phenotypic characters can illuminate historical evolutionary processes. In particular, mosaic distributions of phenotypically similar populations can arise from parallel evolution or from irregular patterns of dispersal and colonization by divergent forms. Two phenotypically divergent forms of the red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) show a mosaic phenotypic distribution, with a "bicolored" form occurring disjunctly in California and Mexico. We analyzed the relationships among these bicolored populations and neighboring typical populations, using ~600 bp of mitochondrial DNA sequence data and 10 nuclear short tandem repeat loci. We find that bicolored populations, although separated by ~3000 km, are genetically more similar to one other than they are to typical populations separated by ~400 km. We also find evidence of ongoing gene flow among populations, including some evidence of asymmetric gene flow. We conclude that the current distribution of bicolored forms represents incomplete speciation, where recent asymmetric hybridization with typical A. phoeniceus is dividing the range of a formerly widespread bicolored form. This hypothesis predicts that bicolored forms may suffer extinction by hybridization. Future work will use fine-scaled geographical sampling and nuclear sequence data to test for hybrid origins of currently typical populations and to more precisely quantify the directionality of gene flow.
FIGURE 11 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 11. Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962). Female V pereopods and pleopods: A, pereopod 1; B, pereopod 2; C, pleopod 3; D, pleopod 4; E, pleopod 5. Scale bars 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 6 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 6. Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962). Posterior body, ventral view (A–I) and uropods (J–L): A, female VI; B, female V; C, female IV; D, male VI; E, male V; F, male IV; G, manca III; H, manca II; I, manca I; J, manca I; K, manca II; L, female VI. Scale bars 1.0 mm for A–I, 0.1 mm for J–L.
FIGURE 5 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 5. Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962). Habitus lateral view (A–C, F–H) and head (D, E): A, male VI; B, male V; C, male IV; D, male VI, head, lateral view; E, manca I F, manca II; G, manca III; H,. Scale bars 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 2. Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962). Habitus dorsal view (A–C) and heads (D–F): A, female VI; B, female V; C, female IV; D, female V, head, dorsal view; E, manca I, head, ventral view; F, male V, head, ventral view. Scale bars 1.0 mm for A–C and E–F, 0.5 mm for D.
FIGURE 14 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 14. Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962). Female VI pereopods with oostegites: A, pereopod 2; B, pereopod 3, with enlarged detail of closing mechanism; C, pereopod 4. Scale bar 1.0 mm
FIGURE 1 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 1. Map of DIVA and ANDEEP stations, where Haploniscus rostratus has been found (●), and the type locality
FIGURE 4 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 4. Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962). Habitus lateral view: A, female VI, lateral view (eggs in marsupium shaded); B, female V, lateral view; C, female IV, lateral view. Scale bars 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 10 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 10. Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962). Female VI: A, maxilla 2; B, maxilla 1; C, maxilliped, with detail of distal margin enlarged, D, hypopharynx. Scale bars 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 9 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 9. Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962). Female VI (A, D) and female V (B, C): A, right mandible; B, left mandible; C, right mandible D, left mandible. Scale bar 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 3. Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962). Habitus dorsal view: A, male VI; B, male V; C, male IV; D, male VI, head, dorsal view; E, manca I; F, manca II; G, manca III. Scale bar 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 7 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 7. Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962). Antenna 2: A, male VI; B, male V; C, male IV; D, female VI; E, female IV; F, female V. Scale bar 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 16 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 16. Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962). A, stage VI male, pleopod 2 endopod sperm duct. Layers above and below the basal chamber of the sperm duct (arrow) omitted from Z-stack. Scale bar 0.1 mm. B, body-lengthfrequency histograms for the stages (x-axis: body length in mm, y-axis: number of specimens one unit is equivalent to one specimen).
FIGURE 13 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 13. Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962). Female V (A, B, D) and manca III (C): A, pereopod 6; B, pereopod 7; C, pereopod 7; D, operculum (pleopods 2). Scale bars 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 15 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 15. Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962). Male pleopods 1 (A–C) and 2 (D–F): A, stage IV, dorsal view; B, stage V, dorsal view; C, stage VI, dorsal view; D, stage VI, ventral view; E, stage V, dorsal view; F, stage IV, dorsal view. Scale bar 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 12 in Redescription of Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962) (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda) with observations on the postmarsupial development, size ranges and distribution
FIGURE 12. Haploniscus rostratus (Menzies, 1962). Female V pereopods: A, pereopod 3; B, pereopod 4; C, pereopod 5. Scale bar 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 34 in Description, host range and distribution of a new Macrodiplosis species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) that induces leaf-margin fold galls on deciduous Quercus (Fagaceae) with comparative notes on Palaearctic congeners
FIGURE 34. Strict consensus of 197 equally parsimonious trees (tree length 423, consistency index = 0.6, retention index = 0.90, rescaled consistency index = 0.54) for Macrodiplosis spp. based on 658bp of the COI gene. Bootstrap values are indicated for nodes with more than 50% support.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.