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Figures 86–88 in New Species in the Drosophila ananassae Subgroup from Northern Australia, New Guinea and the South Pacific (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with Historical Overview

Figures 86–88. Drosophila schugi sp.nov. holotype AMS K282922. Dorsal, lateral and anterolateral views of the head and face.

Figures 14–25 in New Species in the Drosophila ananassae Subgroup from Northern Australia, New Guinea and the South Pacific (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with Historical Overview

Figures 14–25. Hypandria of Drosophila pandora sp.nov. and D. ananassae. Drosophila pandora sp.nov. (14–15) Holmes Jungle, Darwin, Northern Territory; (16) Tabubil 750 m, Western Province, Papua New Guinea; (17) Wanigela, Oro Province, Papua New Guinea; (18) Bertie Creek pump, near Heathlands Homestead, northern Queensland; (19–20) Gordon Creek nr Cooks Hut, Iron Range, northern Queensland; (21) Thursday Island, Torres Strait, northern Queensland.Drosophila ananassae (22) Beach Lane, Mauritius; (23) Christmas Island, Indian Ocean nr Java; (24) Wé, Loyalty Islands; (25) Ubud, Bali, Indonesia. Localities mapped in Fig. 1; all specimens in Australian Museum.

Figure 1 in New Species in the Drosophila ananassae Subgroup from Northern Australia, New Guinea and the South Pacific (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with Historical Overview

Figure 1. Distribution of 11 of the 12 Drosophila ananassae complex species, the authors have collected at red dot localities or examined specimens collected by others from red circle localities; these data are complete for the Australian Region and incomplete for the Oriental Region. Drosophila lachaisei Tsacas, 1984 from Africa is not shown. The Drosophila pandora sp.nov. type locality is Lake Placid near Cairns (see inset); the D. anomalata sp.nov. type locality is Deeragun near Townsville. Drosophila ananassae s.str. is pantropical within the pale blue lines, the Ambon type locality is shown; D. ananassae extends as far south as Corindi in Australia, it is absent in Sydney and New Zealand. Three or more additional, but undescribed species, occur in New Guinea (and perhaps also in northern Australia), these are not shown. Islands of Torres Strait: (1) Mabuiag, (2) Moa, (3) Thursday, and (4) Mount Adolphus; and localities on Cape York Peninsula: (5) Bamaga, (6) Bertie Creek and Heathlands homestead, (7) Doublemouth and Gunshot Creeks, (8) Gordon Creek, (9) Iron Range (nr airstrip), and (10) upper Peach Creek (McIlwraith Range) are indicated (see inset). Geospatial coordinates of all localities are given in Appendix 1.

Figures 82–85 in New Species in the Drosophila ananassae Subgroup from Northern Australia, New Guinea and the South Pacific (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with Historical Overview

Figures 82–85. Hypandria of Drosophila schugi sp.nov. four males collected with holotype at Malalololei, Upolu, Samoa, 14–17 June 2003, Schug, Gray-Smith, Kilon-Attwood, McEvey; AMS K356976 (82), AMS K356977 (83), AMS K356978 (84), AMS K356979 (85).

FIG. 23 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 23. Female terminalia of four undescribed species in the bromeliae group. A–D. sp. A (DGB 46, Ecuador, Orellana). E, F. sp. B (DBG 88, La Paz, Bolivia). G–I. sp. C (DBG 50: Dominican Republic, Puerto Plata). J, K. sp. D (DBG 41: Panama: Darién).

FIG. 21 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 21. Female terminalia of two species in the bromeliae group. A, E. Drosophila manni Grimaldi, n. sp. (DBG 54). B–D, F, G. Drosophila stylipennis Grimaldi, n. sp. All structures to the same scale; see text for specimen numbers.

FIG. 20 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 20. Male genitalia of Drosophila stylipennis Grimaldi, n. sp., showing variation. A, D, E. Lateral view of aedeagus, aedeagal apodeme, gonopod, and full ventral view of distiphallus. B, E. Hypandrium. C, G. Surstylus and ventral lobe of epandrium. See text for specimen numbers.

FIG. 18. Drosophila penispina Grimaldi, n in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 18. Drosophila penispina Grimaldi, n. sp., female terminalia (oviscapts and spermathecal capsules: A–D, F, G) and whole abdomen (E). A–D. Oviscapts in ventral view, with respective spermathecae. E. Abdomen, ventral view, showing sclerite arrangement and spiracles. F, G. Oviscapts in lateral view. Homologous oviscapt pegs are numbered. All structures to the same scale; see text for specimen numbers.

FIG. 13 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 13. Male genitalia of Drosophila mexiflora Grimaldi, n. sp., showing variation in lateral view of aedeagus, aedeagal apodeme, gonopod, and full ventral view of distiphallus. See text for specimen numbers.

FIG. 8 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 8. Variation in the male genitalia of the most widespread species in the group, Drosophila bromeliae Sturtevant. All lateral views of aedeagus, aedeagal apodeme, gonopod, and full ventral view of distiphallus. All to the same scale. See text for specimen numbers. DBG numbers refer to individual specimen/dissection numbers (full data cited in text).

FIG. 7 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 7. Third-instar larva of Drosophila bromeliae, scanning electron micrographs. A. Entire larva, ventral view. B. Detail of head, ventral view (same specimen as in A). C. Detail of head, with oral cavity expanded and exposing the labial lobe. D. Creeping welt V (same specimen as in A). Note minute size of transverse hooks. E. Posterior end, ventral view (same specimen as in A), showing posterior spiracles and tubercles. Abbreviations: ep, labial lobe; l, lamellae; m, mandible.

FIG. 6 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 6. Immature stages of Drosophila bromeliae (from culture). A, B. Scanning electron micrographs of egg. A. Anterior end, showing micropyle and filaments. One filament has a bifid apex. B. Array of porelike tubercles on surface. C, D. Cephalopharyngeal skeleton, third instar. C. Dorsal view. D. Right lateral view.

FIG. 5 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 5. Wings of exemplar species in the bromeliae group. A. Drosophila bromeliae Sturtevant (DBG 43: Ecuador). B. D. thurstoni, n. sp. (DBG 35). C. D. penispina, n. sp. (DBG 21). Arrows point to distinctive features: B, to slightly pointed wing tip, short crossvein dm-cu; C, to slightly sinuous vein R2+3. To the same scale.

FIG. 15 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 15. Variation in the distinctive female terminalia of Drosophila mexiflora Grimaldi, n. sp. A–C. Oviscapts in lateral view, also showing details of posterior end. Note how oviscapt pegs 1–3 and ≥13 have been lost. D, G. Oviscapts in ventral view. E, F. Spermathecae. A, D, G to same scale. Refer to text for specimen numbers.

FIG. 4 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 4. Morphological details of Drosophila bromeliae. A. Head, with major setae and other structures labelled. B. Occipital foramen and posterior arms of tentorium. C. Palp. D. Lacinia. E. Cibarium (above, ventral view) and labrum + hypopharynx (below, dorsal view). F, G. Setation of posterior portion of thorax of D. stylipennis, n. sp., DBG 12 (F), and D. penispina, n. sp. DBG 9 (G). Abbreviations: lv, lateral vertical seta; mv, medial vertical seta; oc, ocellar seta; or1–3, orbital setae 1–3 (proclinate, anterior reclinate, posterior reclinate, respectively); poc, postocellar seta; vb, vibrissa.

FIG. 1 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 1. Habitus of exemplar species in the bromeliae group. A. Drosophila manni, n. sp. B. D. penispina, n. sp. C. D. bromeliae Sturtevant. D. D. mexiflora, n. sp.

FIG. 2 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 2. Heads of exemplar species in the bromeliae group. A. Drosophila penispina, n. sp. (specimen DBG21) B. D. billheedi, n. sp. (DBG 2, holotype). C. D. stylipennis, n. sp. (DBG 12). D. D. mexiflora, n. sp. (DBG 41). Note supernumery left proclinate seta. E. D. manni, n. sp. (DBG 70). F. D. bromeliae Sturtevant (DBG 10). Numbers prefaced by DBG refer to specimens that were dissected.

FIG. 14 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 14. Male genitalia of Drosophila mexiflora Grimaldi, n. sp., showing variation in hypandrium (A, C, E) and surstylus + ventral lobe of epandrium (B, D. F).

FIG. 10 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 10. Variation in the male genitalia of D. bromeliae Sturtevant. A–F. Hypandrium, all to same scale. G–M. Surstylus and ventral lobe of epandrium, all to same scale.

FIG. 3 in Revision of the Drosophila bromeliae Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Central American, Caribbean, and Andean Species

FIG. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of adult structures of Drosophila bromeliae. A. Face (arrow indicates fine setae on inner surface of pedicel). B. Detail of eye facets and interfacetal setulae. C. Labellum, folded closed. D. Posterior portion of thorax. E. Detail of D. F. Male terminalia. G. Female terminalia. Abbreviations: prso, prescutellar setae.