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697 results for “fish parasite”
Fig. 2 in First step towards understanding the specific identity of fish muscle parasites of the genus Sarcotaces (Copepoda: Philichthyidae)-New species and first molecular ID in the genus
Fig. 2. Line drawings of Sarcotaces izawai sp. nov.; (A) Female (allotype), habitus, semi-ventral view; small black silhouettes on the right represent the males at the same scale (the highest number found in a single gall), (B) Male (holotype), habitus, ventral, (C, D, E) Other males, habitus, ventral, (F, G) Caudal rami of other male specimens; Abbreviations: M = mouth area, T IV–T VII = thoracic somites, A I–A IV = abdominal somites; Scale bars: A = 10 mm, B–E = 0.5 mm, F–G = 0.1 mm.
Fig. 4 in Mapping a brain parasite: occurrence and spatial distribution in fish encephalon
Fig. 4. Transmission electron micrographs showing the tegument and capsule walls of metacercariae of Cardiocephaloides longicollis. A and F illustrate the capsule wall of monocyst and multicyst metacercariae; B and I represent diagrams of monocyst and multicyst metacercariae showing the location of the following TEM micrographs. C – E Longitudinal section through the capsule wall and tegument of a monocyst. G, H, J-M Longitudinal section through the inner capsule wall and tegument of a multicyst metacercaria. D, E, J-M Detail of necrotic material accumulated on the capsule wall surrounding the metacercaria. K, Detail of inner capsule walls merging together within a multicyst. CW, capsule wall; F, fibrocyte; Gx, glycocalyx; GxF, glycocalyx filaments; ICW, inner capsule wall; M, metacercaria; M1- M3 number of metacercaria in a multicyst; MA, macrophage; Mt, metacercarial tegument; N, nucleus; NC, necrotic cells. Head arrows indicate glycocalyx filaments, asterisks (*) outside of the cyst, (**) inside of the cyst, (***) inside of the cyst when encysted with more than one capsule wall. Scale bars: D, E = 1 μm; C, G, H, J, L, M = 5 μm; K = 10 μm.
Fig. 3 in Mapping a brain parasite: occurrence and spatial distribution in fish encephalon
Fig. 3. Occupation of the fish brain by Cardiocephaloides longicollis in fresh (A, B) and histological samples (C–F). Cardiocephaloides longicollis metacercariae within (A) the PGZ and (B) the medulla oblongata in experimentally-infected fish one month after infection. Asterisks indicate the position of metacercariae. Cardiocephaloides longicollis metacercariae are found at 6 dpi in the tectal ventricle (C), and as they grow (D, 21 dpi; E, 8 mpi; F, 15 mpi) they occupy larger part of the tectal ventricle, and also the PGZ. The representations of brains indicate the sections and positions (yellow square) where metacercariae have been found. Legend: TeO striped, cerebellum in dots and Mo squared. ICL, inferior cerebellar lobe; Mo, medulla oblongata; PGZ, periventricular gray zone of optic tectum; TeO, tectum opticum; TV, tectal ventricle. Scale bars: A = 300 μm; B = 450 μm; C–F = 200 μm. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 1 in Mapping a brain parasite: occurrence and spatial distribution in fish encephalon
Fig. 1. Distribution of metacercariae of Cardiocephaoides longicollis in the different fish brain regions, i.e., olfactory bulbs (Olf-B), olfactory lobes (Olf-L), optic lobe region (Op-L), inferior and superior cerebellar lobes (ICL, SCL), medulla oblongata (Mo), and spinal cord (SC). Metacercarial distribution in different fish species sampling locations are provided. N, number of infected brains used for metacercarial distribution; P, prevalence (based on total number of fish, see Table 1); MI, mean intensity. Note that the number of metacercariae in the brain of fish from the marine pond is based only of half brain (see Materials and methods).
Fig. 2 in Mapping a brain parasite: occurrence and spatial distribution in fish encephalon
Fig. 2. Variation in the number of metacercariae of Cardiocephaloides longicollis encysted in different fish groups. Box plots represent the median number of metacercariae per brain region, upper and lower quartile (box) with maximum and minimum ranges (whiskers). Olfactory bulbs (Olf-B), olfactory lobes (Olf-L), optic lobe region (Op-L), inferior and superior cerebellar lobes (ICL, SCL), medulla oblongata (Mo), and spinal cord (SC). Y-axis is represented in logarithmic scale, and dots represent jittered raw data.
Figure 1 in Metazoan ectoparasites of two teleost fish, Boops boops (L.) and Mullus barbatus barbatus L. from Algerian coast: diversity, parasitological index and impact of parasitism
Figure 1. - Number of examined specimens per size classes for Boops boops and Mullus barbatus barbatus from Béjaïa, Algeria.
Figure 2 in Metazoan ectoparasites of two teleost fish, Boops boops (L.) and Mullus barbatus barbatus L. from Algerian coast: diversity, parasitological index and impact of parasitism
Figure 2. - Variation of the parasitologic indexes according to the month and the size classes of B. boops (A, B) and M. barbatus barbatus (C, D). P (%): prevalence; Im: mean intensity; A: mean abundance.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Parasitic copepods of the family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979 (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) from Australian fishes, with descriptions of seven new species". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/c76ec731-0dc9-4fc4-8ea4-d90d90da9438">https://bionomia.net/dataset/c76ec731-0dc9-4fc4-8ea4-d90d90da9438</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/c76ec731-0dc9-4fc4-8ea4-d90d90da9438">https://gbif.org/dataset/c76ec731-0dc9-4fc4-8ea4-d90d90da9438</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Fig. 1 in Infestation pattern and parasitic castration of the crustacean Riggia paranensis (Crustacea: Cymothoidea) on the fresh water fish Cyphocharax gilbert (Teleostei: Curimatidae)
Fig. 1. Relationship between size of Riggia paranensis and its host Cyphocharax gilbert classified into two (groups 3 and 4) body length indexes [BLI= [((TLRi mm)/(SLCy mm)).100]: total body length of the parasite (TLRi) and standard length of the host (SLCy)]. The total includes all hosts and parasites collected between September 1997 to August 2000. Data are also presented separately for the autumn-winter (March through August) and spring-summer (September through February) periods. All specimens collected in the middle rio Itabapoana, Brazil.
Group intrusions by a brood parasitic fish are competitive not cooperative
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Temporally consistent species differences in parasite infection but no evidence for rapid parasite-mediated speciation in Lake Victoria cichlid fish
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Data from: Fluid preservation causes minimal reduction of parasite detectability in fish specimens: a new approach for reconstructing parasite communities of the past?
<ol> <li>Long-term datasets are needed to evaluate temporal patterns in wildlife disease burdens, but historical data on parasite abundance are extremely rare. For more than a century, natural history collections have been accumulating fluid-preserved specimens, which should contain the parasites infecting the host at the time of its preservation. However, before this unique data source can be exploited, we must identify the artefacts that are introduced by the preservation process. Here, we experimentally address whether the preservation process alters the degree to which metazoan parasites are detectable in fluid-preserved fish specimens when using visual parasite detection techniques.</li> <li>We randomly assigned fish of three species (<i>Gadus chalcogrammus, Thaleichthys pacificus, Parophrys vetulus</i>) to two treatments. In the first treatment, fish were preserved according to the standard procedures used in ichthyological collections. Immediately after the fluid-preservation process was complete, we performed parasitological dissection on those specimens. The second treatment was a control, in which fish were dissected without being subjected to the fluid-preservation process. We compared parasite abundance between the two treatments.</li> <li>Across 298 fish individuals and 59 host–parasite pairs, we found few differences between treatments, with 24 of 27 host–parasite pairs equally abundant between the two treatments. Of these, one pair was significantly more abundant in the preservation treatment than in the control group, and two pairs were significantly less abundant in the preservation treatment than in the control group.</li> <li>Our data suggest that the fluid-preservation process does not have a substantial effect on the detectability of metazoan parasites. This study addresses only the effects of the fixation and preservation process; long-term experiments are needed to address whether parasite detectability remains unchanged in the months, years, and decades of storage following preservation. If so, ecologists will be able to reconstruct novel, long-term datasets on parasite diversity and abundance over the past century or more using fluid-preserved specimens from natural history collections.</li> </ol>
Parasite infection disrupts escape behaviour in fish shoals
<p>Many prey species have evolved collective responses to avoid predation. They rapidly transfer information about potential predators to trigger and coordinate escape waves. Predation avoidance behaviour is often manipulated by trophically transmitted parasites, to facilitate their transmission to the next host. We hypothesised that the presence of infected, behaviourally altered individuals might disturb the spread of escape waves. We used the tapeworm Schistocephalus solidus, which increases risk-taking behaviour and decrease social responsiveness of its host, the three spined stickleback, to test this hypothesis. Three subgroups of sticklebacks were placed next to one another in separate compartments with shelter. The middle subgroup contained either uninfected or infected sticklebacks. We confronted an outer subgroup with an artificial bird strike, and studied how the escape response spread through the subgroups. With uninfected sticklebacks in the middle, escape waves spread rapidly through the entire shoal and fish remained in shelter thereafter. With infected sticklebacks in the middle, the escape wave was disrupted and uninfected fish did hardlyrarely used the shelter. Infected individuals can disrupt the transmission of flight responses, thereby not only increasing their own predation risk but also that of their uninfected shoal members. Our study uncovers a potentially far-reaching fitness consequence of grouping with infected individuals.</p>
Figure 6 in Redescription of the fish-parasitic isopod Cymothoa ianuarii Schioedte & Meinert, 1884 and further records of C. excisa Perty, 1833 and C. oestrum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Isopoda: Cymothoida: Cymothoidae) from Brazil
Figure 6. Map with the records of Cymothoa excisa (▲), C. ianuarii (⬛) and C. oestrum (⬤) in Brazil. Symbols in dark gray indicate literature records and white indicates new records. Abbreviations: PA = Pará; MA = Maranhão; PE = Pernambuco; SE = Sergipe; BA = Bahia; RJ = Rio de Janeiro; SP = São Paulo; SC = Santa Catarina.
Figure 5 in Redescription of the fish-parasitic isopod Cymothoa ianuarii Schioedte & Meinert, 1884 and further records of C. excisa Perty, 1833 and C. oestrum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Isopoda: Cymothoida: Cymothoidae) from Brazil
Figure 5. Cymothoa oestrum (Linnaeus, 1758) (MCP 2999): (A) habitus dorsal view; (B) habitus ventral view; (C) habitus lateral view; (D) cephalon frontal view. Scale bar: A-C = 5 mm; D = 2.5 mm.
Figure 3 in Redescription of the fish-parasitic isopod Cymothoa ianuarii Schioedte & Meinert, 1884 and further records of C. excisa Perty, 1833 and C. oestrum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Isopoda: Cymothoida: Cymothoidae) from Brazil
Figure 3. Cymothoa ianuarii Schioedte & Meinert, 1884: (A) antennule (UFRGS 6516); (B) apical article of antennule (UFRGS 6516); (C) antenna (UFRGS 6516); (D) mandible (UFRGS 6515); (E) maxilulle (UFRGS 6520); (F) apex of maxillula (UFRGS 6520); (G) maxilla (UFRGS 6515); (H) maxilla distal portion (UFRGS 6515); (I) maxilliped with oostegite (UFRGS 6515); (J) maxilliped articles 2 and 3 (UFRGS 6515). Scale bar: A, C and D = 0.5 mm; E and G = 0.3 mm; B = 0.125 mm; F, H and J = 0.1 mm; I = 1 mm.
Figure 4 in Redescription of the fish-parasitic isopod Cymothoa ianuarii Schioedte & Meinert, 1884 and further records of C. excisa Perty, 1833 and C. oestrum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Isopoda: Cymothoida: Cymothoidae) from Brazil
Figure 4. Cymothoa ianuarii Schioedte & Meinert, 1884 (UFRGS 6516): (A-G) pereopods 1-7; (H-J) pleopods 1-5 dorsal view; (M) uropod. Scale bar: E-G = 2 mm; A-D, H-J = 1 mm; D = 2.5 mm; M = 0.5 mm.
Figure 2 in Redescription of the fish-parasitic isopod Cymothoa ianuarii Schioedte & Meinert, 1884 and further records of C. excisa Perty, 1833 and C. oestrum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Isopoda: Cymothoida: Cymothoidae) from Brazil
Figure 2. Cymothoa ianuarii Schioedte & Meinert, 1884 (UFRGS 6516): (A) habitus dorsal view (UFRGS 6516); (B) habitus ventral view (UFRGS 6516); (C) habitus lateral view (UFRGS 6516); (D) cephalon frontal view (UFRGS 6516); (E) pleotelson dorsal view (UFRGS 6520). Scale bar: A-C = 5 mm; D = 2.5 mm; E = 1 mm.
Figure 1. Cymothoa excisa Perty, 1833 in Redescription of the fish-parasitic isopod Cymothoa ianuarii Schioedte & Meinert, 1884 and further records of C. excisa Perty, 1833 and C. oestrum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Isopoda: Cymothoida: Cymothoidae) from Brazil
Figure 1. Cymothoa excisa Perty, 1833 (MCP 2996): (A) habitus dorsal view; (B) habitus ventral view; (C) habitus lateral view; (D) cephalon frontal view. Scale bar: A-C = 5 mm; D = 2.5 mm.
Data from: Impact of the invasive alien topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva) and its associated parasite Sphaerothecum destruens on native fish species
<p>Two datasets belonging to the paper "Impact of the invasive alien topmouth gudgeon (<i>Pseudorasbora parva</i>) and its associated parasite <i>Sphaerothecum destruens</i> on native fish species" published in Biological Invasions (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-019-02114-6), is provided here. The first dataset consists of individual measured and weighed fish per sampled water body. In case a large number (>50) of the same species and length were encountered, a representative number was weighed and measured, and the remaining individuals were only counted. The second dataset consists of parameters related to morphology and water quality, and number of specimens found per fish species, of each sampled water body. Below, methodological information is provided on the study site, the sampling process, and the water sample analysis. For references, see the published paper in Biological Invasions.</p><p> </p><p>Study site</p><p>We selected 54 water bodies (oxbow lakes, shallow lakes and ponds) in river floodplains of the IJssel, Meuse, Nederrijn and Waal River. These water bodies were selected using the following criteria: a) Potential presence of <i>P. parva</i> according to the Dutch National Database Flora and Fauna, b) No permanent hydrological connection with the main stream or a side channel, c) Similarity in habitat characteristics (e.g., depth and surface area, for habitat characteristics per sampling site), d) Suitability for sampling with a seine net. These criteria were set to reduce variance in the fish species composition created by habitat variables, as our aim was to detect effects caused by <i>P. parva</i>. The areas of sampled water bodies ranged from 100 to 80,000 m2. In total 54 sites located in the floodplains were visited and sampled using a seine net (21 m long, 2.4 m high, mesh size 4x4 to 10x10 mm). Fifteen sites could not be sampled sufficiently with this gear type due to high vegetation cover and/or water depth. Hence, 39 sites were included in the analyses of effect on fish assemblages and body condition. The coordinate system used here concerns Amersfoort RD (EPSG: 28992). </p><p> </p><p>Sampling</p><p>Sampling of the fish populations was carried out from October to December 2015. The seine net was used while wading and provided adequate data on juvenile and small fishes in shallow habitats. The sampling area ranged from 0.04 to 82.35% of the surface area of water bodies and was used to calculate fish densities (number of fish m-2). All caught fishes were identified, weighed (accuracy 0.05 g) and their total lengths (TL, from tip of snout to longer caudal fin lobe, accuracy 1 mm) measured in the field. Young of the year (YOY) were distinguished, based on length. Each individual was assigned to being a YOY, based on known YOY thresholds in the Netherlands. Small fishes (<35 mm) were pooled for weighting. In case a large number (>50) of the same species and length were encountered, a representative number was weighed and measured, and the remaining individuals were only counted. Subsequently, the fishes were released. </p><p>Habitat and soil parameters which included coverage percentage of aquatic vegetation, littoral vegetation, and substrate (mud, sand, gravel and rocks), and tree branches in the water were visually estimated. The water transparency (cm) was determined using a Secchi disk (measured vertically). Water temperature (°C), conductivity (μS cm-1) and salinity (PSU) were measured at the site with the use of a Model 30 meter (YSI incorporated). A water sample was taken and at the same day pH and alkalinity (eq l-1) were measured in the laboratory. Water samples in polyethylene bottles were stored in the freezer at a maximum storage time of 75 days until analysis. Metal ions were analysed using an ICP analyser (Thermo Electron corporation IRIS Intrepid ΙΙ XDL). Concentrations of nitrate (NO3-), ammonium (NH4+), phosphate (PO43-), chloride (Cl-) and potassium (K+) were determined using an Auto Analyzer 3 system (Bran and Luebbe, Norderstedt Germany). Physico-chemical data is missing for site 39 due to loss of the sample.</p><p> </p><p>Abstract</p><p>The Asian cyprinid <i>Pseudorasbora parva</i> is considered to be a major threat to native fish communities and listed as an invasive alien species of European Union concern. Our study aims to gain evidence-based knowledge on the impact of both <i>P. parva</i> and it parasite <i>Sphaerothecum destruens</i> on native fish populations by analysing fish assemblages and body condition of individuals of native fish species in floodplain water bodies that were invaded and uninvaded by <i>P</i>. <i>parva</i>. We explored the use of environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques to detect <i>S. destruens</i>. Prevalence of <i>S. destruens</i> in native fish species was assessed. Fish samplings showed significantly negative correlations between the abundance of <i>P. parva</i> and the native <i>Leucaspius delineatus</i>, and <i>Pungitius pungitius</i> and three biodiversity indices of the fish assemblages (Simpson's diversity index, Shannon-Wiener index and evenness). Contrastingly, the abundances of the native <i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i> and <i>P. parva</i> were positively related. In nearly all isolated water bodies with <i>P. parva</i>, this species is outnumbering native fish species. No effect of <i>P. parva</i> presence was found on body condition of native fish species. <i>Sphaerothecum destruens</i> was demonstrated to occur in both <i>P. parva</i> and <i>G. aculeatus</i>. <i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i> is suggested to be an asymptomatic carrier that can aid the further spread of <i>S. destruens,.</i> Analysis of eDNA proved to be a promising method for early detection of <i>S. destruens</i>, here showing that <i>S. destruens</i> presence coincided with <i>P. parva</i> presence. The ongoing invasion of both <i>P. parva</i> and <i>S. destruens</i> is predicted to pose a significant risk to native fish communities.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.