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715 results for “folding”
Endothelial progenitor cell gene expression fold-changes in filtered air versus CAP-exposed animals
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Modulation of a protein-folding landscape revealed by AFM-based force spectroscopy notwithstanding instrumental limitations
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Data from: Phylotranscriptomics to bring the understudied into the fold: monophyletic Ostracoda, fossil placement and pancrustacean phylogeny
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Deep evolutionary analysis reveals the design principles of fold A glycosyltransferases
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Data from: Cilia-driven epithelial folding and unfolding in an early-diverging animal
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PacBio sequencing output increased through uniform and directional 5-fold concatenation
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Supplemental Data for "Shape changes and cooperativity in the folding of central domain of the 16S ribosomal RNA"
<p>This is data set associated with an article "Shape changes and cooperativity in the folding of central domain of the 16S ribosomal RNA" by Naoto Hori, Natalia A. Denesyuk, and D. Thirumalai. See README.txt file for the format of the data set.</p>
Data from: The cryptic origins of evolutionary novelty: 1,000-fold-faster trophic diversification rates without increased ecological opportunity or hybrid swarm
Ecological opportunity is frequently proposed as the sole ingredient for adaptive radiation into novel niches. An additional trigger may be genome-wide hybridization resulting from 'hybrid swarm'. However, these hypotheses have been difficult to test due to the rarity of comparable control environments lacking adaptive radiations. Here I exploit such a pattern in microendemic radiations of Caribbean pupfishes. I show that a sympatric three-species radiation on San Salvador Island, Bahamas diversified 1,445 times faster than neighboring islands in jaw length due to evolution of a novel scale-eating adaptive zone from a generalist ancestral niche. I then sampled 22 generalist populations on seven neighboring islands and measured morphological diversity, stomach content diversity, dietary isotopic diversity, genetic diversity, lake/island areas, macroalgae richness, and Caribbean-wide patterns of gene flow. None of these standard metrics of ecological opportunity or gene flow were associated with adaptive radiation, except for slight increases in macroalgae richness. Thus, exceptional trophic diversification is highly localized despite myriad generalist populations in comparable environmental and genetic backgrounds. This study provides a strong counterexample to the ecological/hybrid-swarm theories of adaptive radiation and suggests that diversification of novel specialists on a sparse fitness landscape is constrained by more than ecological opportunity and gene flow.
Data from: Folding wings like a cockroach: a review of transverse wing folding ensign wasps (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae: Afrevania and Trissevania)
We revise two relatively rare ensign wasp genera, whose species are restricted to Sub-Saharan Africa: Afrevania and Trissevania. Afrevania longipetiolata sp. nov., Trissevania heatherae sp. nov., T. hugoi sp. nov., T. mrimaensis sp. nov. and T. slideri sp. nov. are described, males and females of T. anemotis and Afrevania leroyi are redescribed, and an identification key for Trissevaniini is provided. We argue that Trissevania mrimaensis sp. nov. and T. heatherae sp. nov. populations are vulnerable, given their limited distributions and threats from mining activities in Kenya. We hypothesize that these taxa together comprise a monophyletic lineage, Trissevaniini, tr. nov., the members of which share the ability to fold their fore wings along two intersecting fold lines. Although wing folding of this type has been described for the hind wing of some insects four-plane wing folding of the fore wing has never been documented. The wing folding mechanism and the pattern of wing folds of Trissevaniini is shared only with some cockroach species (Blattodea). It is an interesting coincidence that all evaniids are predators of cockroach eggs. The major wing fold lines of Trissevaniini likely are not homologous to any known longitudinal anatomical structures on the wings of other Evaniidae. Members of the new tribe share the presence of a coupling mechanism between the fore wing and the mesosoma that is composed of a setal patch on the mesosoma and the retinaculum of the fore wing. While the setal patch is an evolutionary novelty, the retinaculum, which originally evolved to facilitate fore and hind wing coupling in Hymenoptera, exemplifies morphological exaptation. We also refine and clarify the Semantic Phenotype approach used in previous taxonomic revisions and explore the consequences of merging new with existing data. The way that semantic statements are formulated can evolve in parallel, alongside improvements to the ontologies themselves.
Folded Rocks at Uruti Point
Looking down on a rocky shore platform at Uruti Point, Wairarapa, New Zealand. These rocks are 10 million year old layers of sand & mud, called Turbidites. They are formed by submarine sediment settling out from underwater avalanches. After these layers of rock were formed they were buried and became faulted, folded, and tilted by ancient tectonic forces. Modern tectonic processes have uplifted and exposed these rocks to the ocean, which has eroded them into the shore platform we see today. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
FIGURE 34 in Description, host range and distribution of a new Macrodiplosis species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) that induces leaf-margin fold galls on deciduous Quercus (Fagaceae) with comparative notes on Palaearctic congeners
FIGURE 34. Strict consensus of 197 equally parsimonious trees (tree length 423, consistency index = 0.6, retention index = 0.90, rescaled consistency index = 0.54) for Macrodiplosis spp. based on 658bp of the COI gene. Bootstrap values are indicated for nodes with more than 50% support.
FIGURES 22–25. Macrodiplosis pustularis. 22. Male flagellomere V. 23. Male terminalia, dorsal. 24. Female flagellomere VII. 25 in Description, host range and distribution of a new Macrodiplosis species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) that induces leaf-margin fold galls on deciduous Quercus (Fagaceae) with comparative notes on Palaearctic congeners
FIGURES 22–25. Macrodiplosis pustularis. 22. Male flagellomere V. 23. Male terminalia, dorsal. 24. Female flagellomere VII. 25. Ovipositor, lateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 14–21 in Description, host range and distribution of a new Macrodiplosis species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) that induces leaf-margin fold galls on deciduous Quercus (Fagaceae) with comparative notes on Palaearctic congeners
FIGURES 14–21. Larva and pupa of M. selenis sp. n. 14. Larval head and mesothorax, dorsal, circles indicate dorsal papillae. 15. Larval sternal spatula. 16. Prothorax showing sternal spatula, ventral. 17. A part of larval sternal spatula and lateral papillae on prothorax, circles indicate two papillae in each cluster with minute seta. 18. Larval abdominal tergites II and III, circles indicate dorsal papillae. 19. Larval terminal segment, dorsal, large circles indicate four setose terminal papillae, small circles indicate the corniform papillae. 20. Same, ventral). 21. Pupal head (ventral). Abbreviations: ba, base of antennae. cs, cephalic seta. ps, prothoracic spiracle. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 29–33. Macrodiplosis roboris. 29. Larval sternal spatula. 30 in Description, host range and distribution of a new Macrodiplosis species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) that induces leaf-margin fold galls on deciduous Quercus (Fagaceae) with comparative notes on Palaearctic congeners
FIGURES 29–33. Macrodiplosis roboris. 29. Larval sternal spatula. 30. Larval head and prothorax, ventral. 31. A part of sternal spatula (sp) and lateral papillae (in circles). 32. Larval terminal segment, dorsal. 33. Same, ventral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 9–13 in Description, host range and distribution of a new Macrodiplosis species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) that induces leaf-margin fold galls on deciduous Quercus (Fagaceae) with comparative notes on Palaearctic congeners
FIGURES 9–13. Macrodiplosis selenis sp. n. 9. Male flagellomere V. 10. Male terminalia, dorsal. 11. Female head, anterior. 12. Female flagellomere VII. 13. Ovipositor, lateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 26–28 in Description, host range and distribution of a new Macrodiplosis species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) that induces leaf-margin fold galls on deciduous Quercus (Fagaceae) with comparative notes on Palaearctic congeners
FIGURES 26–28. Larva and pupa of M. pustularis. 26. Larval sternal spatula (after Möhn 1955). 27. Pupal prothoracic spiracle. 28. Portion of the pupal frontal area and the base of antennal sheath, ventral. Abbreviations: ba, base of antennae. cs, cephalic seta. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
FIGURES 5–8 in Description, host range and distribution of a new Macrodiplosis species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) that induces leaf-margin fold galls on deciduous Quercus (Fagaceae) with comparative notes on Palaearctic congeners
FIGURES 5–8. Leaf galls induced by Macrodiplosis spp. on different Quercus species and in different localities. 5. M. roboris on Q. robur in Surrey, UK. 6. Macrodiplosis sp. 2. on Q. mongolica in Hokkaido, Japan. 7. M. pustularis on Q. robur in Surrey, UK. 8. Macrodiplosis sp. on Q. falcata in Maryland, USA. Scale bars: 5 mm.
dorsal side of d. f – h, XX 34 - 298. f, Close-up of closed mouth with radial folds and oral protrusions in Fig. 2 f. g, Two sub-layers of the integument on the second, right body cone (Rbc 2) with radial ribs in Fig. 2 g. h, Chevron pattern on integument surface. in Meiofaunal deuterostomes from the basal Cambrian of Shaanxi (China)
dorsal side of d. f – h, XX 34 - 298. f, Close-up of closed mouth with radial folds and oral protrusions in Fig. 2 f. g, Two sub-layers of the integument on the second, right body cone (Rbc 2) with radial ribs in Fig. 2 g. h, Chevron pattern on integument surface.
Case Study Scenarios (CSS) 1 for OSSE of tropopause fold
<p>These are the simulated CAIRT ozone profiles for the period 15/Nov/2021-1/Feb/2022 using, in the following order:</p><ul><li>CAMS hlqd control run simulation as reference ozone field</li><li>sim_CAIRT_grid.py to generate CAIRT retrieval grid (i.e. the geolocation of the CAIRT profiles)</li><li>BASCOE_MAO to interpolate CAMS hlqd 3-hourly output at CAIRT geolocation</li><li>FL2S to perturb CAMS@CAIRT ozone according to CAIRT expected performences (using the AK, the systematic and the random error) and add error bar to the ozone profiles.</li></ul><p>These are the ozone profiles assimilated by BASCOE for the Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) discussed in CAIRT Report for Assessment (RfA).</p>
Birth of new protein folds and functions in the virome - Structure Database
<p>This is the database of protein structures described in the manuscript "Birth of new protein folds and functions in the virome", by authors Jason Nomburg, Nate Price, and Jennifer A. Doudna.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.