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FIGURE 55 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)

FIGURE 55. Morphology of Sathytes pengzhongi sp. nov. (A–F. Male. G. Female). A. Dorsal habitus. B. Head and pronotum. C. Antennomeres 9–11. D. Antennomere 9. E. Sternite 7 (IX). F. Aedeagus, ventral. G. Genitalia. Scale bars: 0.5 mm in A; 0.3 mm in B; 0.2 mm in C; 0.05 mm in D, 0.1 mm in E–G.

FIGURE 52 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)

FIGURE 52. Morphology of Sathytes dawai sp. nov. (A–F. Male. G. Female). A. Dorsal habitus. B. Head and pronotum. C. Antennomeres 9–11. D. Antennomere 9. E. Sternite 7 (IX). F. Aedeagus, ventral. G. Genitalia. Scale bars: 0.5 mm in A; 0.3 mm in B, C; 0.1 mm in D–G.

FIGURE 48 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)

FIGURE 48. Morphology of Gyrongita uniformis sp. nov., male. A. Dorsal habitus. B. Head and pronotum. C. Antennomeres 9–11. D. Sternite 7 (IX). E–F. Aedeagus, lateral (E) and ventral (F). Scale bars: 0.5 mm in A; 0.2 mm in B; 0.1 mm in C–F.

FIGURE 50 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)

FIGURE 50. Morphology of Sathytes asura sp. nov. (A–F. Male. G. Female). A. Dorsal habitus. B. Head and pronotum. C. Antennomeres 9–11. D. Antennomere 9. E. Sternite 7 (IX). F. Aedeagus, ventral. G. Genitalia. Scale bars: 0.5 mm in A; 0.3 mm in B; 0.2 mm in C; 0.1 mm in D–G.

FIGURE 49 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)

FIGURE 49. Morphology of Sathytes aequalis sp. nov. (A–F. Male. G. Female). A. Dorsal habitus. B. Head and pronotum. C. Antennomeres 9–11. D. Antennomere 9. E. Sternite 7 (IX). F. Aedeagus, ventral. G. Genitalia. Scale bars: 0.5 mm in A; 0.3 mm in B, C; 0.1 mm in D–G.

FIGURE 47 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)

FIGURE 47. Morphology of Gyrongita gen. nov. A. Meso- and metaventrite. B–D. Abdomen, in dorsal (B), lateral (C) and ventral (D). Abbreviations: amsp—antero mesoventral projection, blf—basolateral fovea, lmcf—lateral mesocoxal fovea, lmsf—lateral mesoventral fovea, lmtf—lateral metaventral fovea, mbf—mediobasal fovea, mc—marginal carina, mmsf—median mesoventral fovea, s2–5—sternites 2–5 (IV–VII), t1–4—tergites 1–4 (IV–VII). Scale bars: 0.2 mm in A; 0.3 mm in B–D.

FIGURE 54 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)

FIGURE 54. Morphology of Sathytes laticornis sp. nov. (A–F. Male. G. Female). A. Dorsal habitus. B. Head and pronotum. C. Antennomeres 9–11. D. Antennomere 9. E. Sternite 7 (IX). F. Aedeagus, ventral. G. Genitalia. Scale bars: 0.5 mm in A; 0.3 mm in B; 0.2 mm in C; 0.1 mm in D–G.

FIGURE 51 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)

FIGURE 51. Morphology of Sathytes caichenyangi sp. nov. (A–F. Male. G. Female). A. Dorsal habitus. B. Head and pronotum. C. Antennomeres 9–11. D. Antennomere 9. E. Sternite 7 (IX). F. Aedeagus, ventral. G. Genitalia. Scale bars: 0.5 mm in A; 0.3 mm in B, C; 0.1 mm in D–G.

FIGURE 53 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)

FIGURE 53. Morphology of Sathytes duojii sp. nov., male. A. Dorsal habitus. B. Head and pronotum. C. Antennomeres 9–11. D. Antennomere 9. E. Sternite 7 (IX). F. Aedeagus, ventral. Scale bars: 0.5 mm in A; 0.3 mm in B, C; 0.1 mm in D–F.

FIGURE 56 in The Batrisini of Tibet: unveiling an enigmatic ant-loving beetle diversity at Earth's "Third Pole" (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)

FIGURE 56. Morphology of Sathytes proclivis sp. nov. (A–F. Male. G. Female). A. Dorsal habitus. B. Head and pronotum. C. Antennomeres 9–11. D. Antennomere 9. E. Sternite 7 (IX). F. Aedeagus, ventral. G. Genitalia. Scale bars: 0.5 mm in A; 0.3 mm in B, C; 0.1 mm in D–G.

FIGURE 11 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data

FIGURE 11. Cross sections of leaf of the Copaifera appendiculata M.J. Silva submitted to histochemical tests. a midrib. b margin. c, d, f, i, j petiole. e, g, k rachis. h, l Leaf blade. a–c phenolic compounds in tissues and within the secretory cavity indicated by *. d, e starch grains in the parenchymatous pith and near the vascular system). f-h acidic lipids inside the secretory cavity indicated by *. i–l total lipids stained red-orange inside the secretory cavity and epithelial cells indicated by * and arrows. Lipid droplet indicated by arrow, and intense cuticle coloration in l. (c = cuticle; fi = fibers; ep = epidermis; et = secretory epithelium; lu = lumen; ph = phloem; pp = palisade parenchyma; st = secretory cavity; sp = spongy parenchyma; xy = xylem). Scales: a = 500 µm; b–e, h, i, k, l = 50 µm; f, g, j = 20 µm.

FIGURE 10 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data

FIGURE 10. Cross-section of a leaf blade of Copaifera marginata Benth. submitted to histochemical tests. a, e, i, n, o petiole. b, c, f, j, k, m rachis. d midrib. g, h, l leaf blade. a–d lignin in the xylem vessel elements, hypodermis cells, fibers, and sclereids. e–g total alkaloids indicated by arrows. h–l reducing sugars in tissues and in the epithelial cells of the secretory cavity, indicated by arrows. m–o phenolic compounds in the tissues and epithelial cells of the secretory cavity, indicated by *. (c = cuticle; fi = fibers; ep = epidermis; et = secretory epithelium; hy = hypodermis; lu = lumen; ph = phloem; pp = palisade parenchyma; sc = sclereids; st = secretory cavity; sp = spongy parenchyma; tr = trichome. xy = xylem). Scales: a, i, m = 200 µm. b-h, j, l, n = 50 µm; k, o = 20 µm.

FIGURE 9 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data

FIGURE 9. Cross-section of the leaf blade of Copaifera appendiculata M.J. Silva submitted to histochemical tests. a, b, e, f, j, n, o petiole. c, g, h, k, m rachis. d midrib. i leaf blade. l. margin. a–d lignin in the xylem vessel elements, fibers, and sclereids. e–i total alkaloids in the tissues indicated by arrows and *. j–l reducing sugars in the tissues indicated by arrows and *. m–o phenolic compounds in the tissues and inside the secretory cavity, indicated by arrows and *. (c = cuticle; fi = fibers; ep = epidermis; et = secretory epithelium; lu = lumen; ph = phloem; pp = palisade parenchyma; sc = sclereids; st = secretory cavity; sp = spongy parenchyma; vb = vascular bundle; xy = xylem). Scales: l, m = 200 µm; a–g, i, j, n, o = 50 µm; h, k = 20 µm.

FIGURE 7 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data

FIGURE 7. Cross-sections of the midribs of Copaifera appendiculata M.J. Silva (a–e) and C. marginata (f–j): a, f. General aspect of the midrib. b, g detail of the epidermis, fibers, parenchyma, sclereids, and hypodermis of the adaxial surface. c, h detail of the epidermis, hypodermis, collenchyma in h, fibers, parenchyma, sclereids, and secretory cavity of the adaxial surface. d, i detail of the largest vascular bundle. e detail of the fibers. j detail of the secretory cavity (ac = angular collenchyma; et = secretory epithelium; fi = fibers; ep = epidermis; hy = hypodermis; lu = lumen; pa = parenchyma; ph = phloem; me = pith; sc = sclereids; xy = xylem; black arrowhead = stomata; white arrowhead = polyhedrical crystal. * = secretory cavity). Scale: a, f = 500 μm; d, i = 200 μm; b, c, e, g, h, j = 50 μm.

FIGURE 6 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data

FIGURE 6. Cross-section of the rachis of Copaifera appendiculata (a–e) and C. marginata (f–j): a, f general aspect of the rachis. b. detail of the acessory vascular bundles and adjacent tissues. c, g detail of the epidermis and hypodermis in g, parenchyma, collenchyma, fibers, sclereids, and secretory cavity in c. d, i. detail of the largest vascular bundle. e, j detail of the secretory cavity. h. detail of the fibers, phloem, sclereids, and secretory cavity. (ab = accessory vascular bundle; ac = angular collenchyma; c = cuticle; fi = fibers; ep = epidermis; et = secretory epithelium; fi = fibers; hy = hypodermis; lu = lumen; pa = parenchyma; ph = phloem; me = pith; sc = sclereids; tr = trichome; xy = xylem; * = secretory cavity. arrowhead = polyhedrical crystals). Scale: a, f = 500 μm; b, d, i = 200 μm; c, e, g, h, j = 50 μm.

FIGURE 5 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data

FIGURE 5. Cross-section of the petioles of Copaifera appendiculata (a–g) and C. marginata (h–n): a, h general aspect of the petiole. b, i detail of the epidermis and internal tissues. c, j general aspect of the adaxial surface. d and k general aspects of the abaxial surface. e accessory vascular bundle. f, l detail of the larger vascular bundle. g, n detail of the secretory cavity. m detail of the fibers, phloem, and sclereids. (ab = accessory vascular bundle; ac = angular collenchyma; c = cuticle; fi = fibers; ep = epidermis; et = secretory epithelium; fi = fibers; hy = hypodermis; lu = lumen; pa = parenchyma; ph = phloem; me = pith; sc = sclereids; tr = trichomes; vb = vascular bundle; xy = xylem; * = phenolic compounds. arrowhead = prismatic crystals. * = secretory cavity). Scale: a, h = 500 μm; c, d, f, j, l = 200 μm; b, e, g, i, k, m, n = 50 μm.

FIGURE 4 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data

FIGURE 4. Distribution of Copaifera appendiculata M. J. Silva: a map of Brazil, highlighting Goiás State in gray. b map of Goiás State, its limits, and elevational variations. c Municipality of Niquelândia, (dotted area) with species distribution points. Abbreviations for the Brazilian states (BA, Bahia; GO, Goiás; MG, Minas Gerais; MS, Mato Grosso do Sul; MT, Mato Grosso; TO, Tocantins) and the Federal District (DF).

FIGURE 2. Copaifera appendiculata M. J in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data

FIGURE 2. Copaifera appendiculata M. J. Silva: a habit. b flowering branch. c portion of the inflorescence, note flowers being visited by ants. d detail of a raceme, showing floral buds and bracts. e flower in frontal view. f fruiting branch. g fruit after opening, note the twisted valve and prolonged hilum. h seed in side view, note the orange aril and black testa (Photographs by M. J. Silva).

FIGURE 3 in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data

FIGURE 3. Copaifera marginata Benth.: a habit, note its shrubby and cespitose aspect. b inflorescence. c portion of the inflorescence, note the light green elliptic buds. d fruiting branch, note the purplish or reddish fruits when mature. e imature seed, note the white aril. (Photographs by M. J. Silva).

FIGURE 1. Copaifera appendiculata M. J in A lovely new, and potentially medicinal, species of Copaifera (Detarioideae, Fabaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado supported by anatomical and morphological data

FIGURE 1. Copaifera appendiculata M. J. Silva: a flowering branch. b stipule. c distal portion of the rachis showing the spinescent extension. d–h variations in leaflet shapes. i trichomes on the abaxial surface. j trichomes on the adaxial surface. k detail of the leaflet margin and trichomes. l detail of the leaflet apex. m floral bud. n ventral surface of the bract. o detail of the bract margin. p flower, note the sepals conspicuously indumented ventrally. q ventral surface of the sepal. r detail of trichomes on the ventral surface of the sepal. s stamen. t ventral (left) and dorsal (right) surfaces of the anther. u gynoecium, note the uniformly indumented ovary. v detail of the trichomes on the ovary. w detail of the stigma. x fruit. y fruit after opening, note the twisted valve and prolonged hilum. z side view of the seed (drawn by Renato Cristiano Gualberto from the holotype).