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FIGURE 2 in Two new species of Neogonyleptes Roewer, 1913 (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae) from the Nahuelbuta mountain range, Chile

FIGURE 2. Neogonyleptes floresi sp. nov. A–E: Male holotype. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view; D, ocularium, lateral view, along with the frontal hump, E, posterior view. F–G: Male paratype (Peleco Chico), right pedipalp. F, retrolateral view; G, pedipalp tibia and metatarsus, prolateral view.

FIGURE 6. Opisthosomal segment II in Two new species of Neogonyleptes Roewer, 1913 (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae) from the Nahuelbuta mountain range, Chile

FIGURE 6. Opisthosomal segment II (detail). A, Neogonyleptes floresi sp. nov., male holotype; B, Neogonyleptes pedrazai sp. nov., male holotype. Abbreviations: Go: genital operculum; Gp: genital portion; Sp: stigmatic portion; S, spiracle. Scales: 1 mm.

FIGURE 7 in Two new species of Neogonyleptes Roewer, 1913 (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae) from the Nahuelbuta mountain range, Chile

FIGURE 7. Localities of collection of Neogonyleptes floresi sp. nov. (red circles) and Neogonyleptes pedrazai sp. nov. (blue circles). Inset: depicted sector in Chile.

FIGURE 5 in Two new species of Neogonyleptes Roewer, 1913 (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae) from the Nahuelbuta mountain range, Chile

FIGURE 5. Neogonyleptes pedrazai sp. nov. Male paratype (Tucapel Bajo). A–D: Right leg IV. A, prolateral view; B, retrolateral view; C, dorsal view; D, ventral view; E–G: Penis, distal end. E, dorsal view; F, lateral view; G, detail of stylus.

FIGURE 1. Living specimens. A in Two new species of Neogonyleptes Roewer, 1913 (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae) from the Nahuelbuta mountain range, Chile

FIGURE 1. Living specimens. A, male of Neogonyleptes floresi sp. nov. (from Pérez-Schultheiss et al. 2019). B, male of Neogonyleptes pedrazai sp. nov. (Photo: Edgardo Flores). C, male of a presumed hybrid between Neogonyleptes sp. and Tumbesia sp. (Photo: Edgardo Flores). D, male of Tumbesia aculeata Roewer, 1930; red arrows indicate the diagnostic apophyses on the posterior border, shared with the putative hybrid specimen (Photo: Jorge Pérez-Schultheiss).

FIGURE 4 in Two new species of Neogonyleptes Roewer, 1913 (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae) from the Nahuelbuta mountain range, Chile

FIGURE 4. Neogonyleptes pedrazai sp. nov. A–E: Male holotype. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view; D, ocularium, lateral view, along with the frontal hump; E, posterior view. F–G: Male paratype (Tucapel Bajo), right pedipalp. F, retrolateral view; G, pedipalp tibia and metatarsus, prolateral view.

FIGURE 3 in Two new species of Neogonyleptes Roewer, 1913 (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae: Pachylinae) from the Nahuelbuta mountain range, Chile

FIGURE 3. Neogonyleptes floresi sp. nov. Male paratype (Peleco Chico). A–D: Right leg IV. A, dorsal view; B, prolateral view; C, ventral view; D, retrolateral view; E–G: Penis, apical end. E, dorsal view; F, lateral view; G, detail of the stylus.

Distribution. Kitanglad Mountain Range, Mindanao I, Philippines (perhaps other high peaks of C Mindanao I). in Muridae

Distribution. Kitanglad Mountain Range, Mindanao I, Philippines (perhaps other high peaks of C Mindanao I).

Distribution. Found in a small area of mountainous terrain in Western Highlands and Chimbu provinces, Papua New Guinea, with records from slopes of the Hagen Range, Mt Giluwe, and Mt Wilhelm. in Muridae

Distribution. Found in a small area of mountainous terrain in Western Highlands and Chimbu provinces, Papua New Guinea, with records from slopes of the Hagen Range, Mt Giluwe, and Mt Wilhelm.

Distribution. Known only from three localities in two mountain ranges on the Papuan Peninsula of New Guinea: Mt Obree, in the Owen Stanley Range, and Mt Simpson and Mt Pekopekowana, in the Maneau Range. in Muridae

Distribution. Known only from three localities in two mountain ranges on the Papuan Peninsula of New Guinea: Mt Obree, in the Owen Stanley Range, and Mt Simpson and Mt Pekopekowana, in the Maneau Range.

Distribution. Throughout various mountainous areas of New Guinea, Yapen I, New Britain I, and extreme NE Australia (NE Queensland: Iron Range, and from Shiptons Flat to Koombooloomba). in Muridae

Distribution. Throughout various mountainous areas of New Guinea, Yapen I, New Britain I, and extreme NE Australia (NE Queensland: Iron Range, and from Shiptons Flat to Koombooloomba).

The first comprehensive revision of all the species attributed to Melomys led J. I. Menzies in 1996 to resurrect the genus Paramelomys and to redefine its morphologicallimits and species content. Menzies created P. gressitti as a new species belonging to a group displaying morphological similarities and including also P. lorentzii and P. moncktoni. Monotypic Distribution. E New Guinea. Descriptive notes. Head-body 135-162 mm, hindfoot 30-34 mm; no specific data are available for body weight. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is a medium-sized Paramelomys with a soft, thick and woolly pelage, a long narrow foot, and a tail with three hairs per scale. It exhibits a medium-sepia dorsal pelage and a gray-buff ventral one. Tail is slightly shorter (99%) than head-body length. The skull has a narrow zygomatic plate. Habitat. Moist tropical mountain forest between 2300 m and 2400 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List owing to its small geographic range (less than 3500 km?*) and the destruction ofits habitat by mining and logging activities. The major threat to Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is ongoing habitat degradation caused by nearby human populations; habitat on Mount Kandy has been destroyed by gold-miners and wood-cutters. Bibliography. Menzies (1996). in Muridae

The first comprehensive revision of all the species attributed to Melomys led J. I. Menzies in 1996 to resurrect the genus Paramelomys and to redefine its morphologicallimits and species content. Menzies created P. gressitti as a new species belonging to a group displaying morphological similarities and including also P. lorentzii and P. moncktoni. Monotypic Distribution. E New Guinea. Descriptive notes. Head-body 135-162 mm, hindfoot 30-34 mm; no specific data are available for body weight. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is a medium-sized Paramelomys with a soft, thick and woolly pelage, a long narrow foot, and a tail with three hairs per scale. It exhibits a medium-sepia dorsal pelage and a gray-buff ventral one. Tail is slightly shorter (99%) than head-body length. The skull has a narrow zygomatic plate. Habitat. Moist tropical mountain forest between 2300 m and 2400 m. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List owing to its small geographic range (less than 3500 km?*) and the destruction ofits habitat by mining and logging activities. The major threat to Gressitt's Mosaic-tailed Rat is ongoing habitat degradation caused by nearby human populations; habitat on Mount Kandy has been destroyed by gold-miners and wood-cutters. Bibliography. Menzies (1996).

Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996). in Muridae

Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996).

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The functional role and diversity of soil nematodes are stronger at high elevation in the lesser Himalayan mountain ranges

Soil nematodes are a foremost component of terrestrial biodiversity, they display the whole gamut of trophic guilds and life strategies, and by their activity, affect major ecosystem process, such as organic matter degradation and carbon cycling. Based on nematodes' functional types, nematode community indices have been developed, and can be used to link variation in nematodes community composition and ecosystem processes. Yet, the use of these indices has been mainly restricted to anthropogenic stresses. In this study, we propose to expand the use of nematodes' derived ecological indices in order to link soil and climate properties with soil food webs, and ecosystem processes that all vary along steep elevation gradients. For this purpose, we explored how elevation affects the trophic and functional diversity of nematode communities sampled every 300 m, from about 1000 m to 3700 m above sea level, across four transects in the lesser Himalayan range of Jammu and Kashmir. We found that (1) the trophic and functional diversity of nematodes increases with elevation; (2) differences in nematodes communities generate habitat-specific functional diversity; (3) the maturity index (MI), increases with elevation, while the enrichment index decreases, indicating less mature and less productive ecosystems, enhanced fungal-based energy flow, and a predominant role of nematodes in generating carbon influxes at high elevation sites. We thus confirm that the functional contribution of soil nematodes to belowground ecosystem processes, including carbon and energy flow, is stronger at high elevation. Overall, this study highlights the central importance of nematodes in sustaining soil ecosystems and brings insights into their functional role, particularly in alpine and arctic soils.

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Interactions between endophagous flowerhead herbivores and Asteraceae in five localities of rocky outcrop grasslands in the Espinhaço mountain range in the state of Minas Gerais (Brazil)

This dataset includes 1131 interactions recorded in five localities of rocky outcrop grasslands in the Espinhaço mountain range in the state of Minas Gerais. These interactions form a network with 198 plant species in 15 tribes of the Asteraceae, and 99 herbivore species belonging to four families of Diptera and Lepidoptera, all of which have flowerhead-feeding larvae that were reared from samples of their host plants.

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opencc-by-4.0Sep 2015View details →

Supplementary material 1 from: Pérez-Luque AJ, Zamora R, Bonet FJ, Pérez-Pérez R (2015) Dataset of MIGRAME Project (Global Change, Altitudinal Range Shift and Colonization of Degraded Habitats in Mediterranean Mountains). PhytoKeys 56: 61-81. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.56.5482

Table S1: Explanation note: Information about transects of the project. Elevation in m a.s.l. Type: AM = Altitudinal migration; FO = Forest; MH = Marginal Habitat. Subtype: AC-e: Abandoned Cropland: edge; AC-i: Abandoned Cropland: inside; Pp-e: Pine plantations: edge; Pp-i: Pine plantations: inside; TE: Treeline Ecotone. Locality: CA = Robledal de Cáñar; SJ = Robledal de San Juan.

FIGURE 22 in Two new species of Nazeris Fauvel in the Luoxiao Mountain Range, China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae)

FIGURE 22. Map showing the distribution of Nazeris in Luoxiao Mountain Range A—N. inaequalis; B—N. proiectus; C—N. luoxiaoshanus; D—N. pengzhongi; E—N. divisus; F—N. paradivisus; G—N. xiaobini; H—N. congchaoi; I—N. nannani; J— N. rufus; K—N. ziweii; L—N. daweishanus; M—N. prominens; N—N. zekani; O—N. yipingae; P—N. jiaweii.

FIGURES 17–21. Nazeris jiaweii 17 in Two new species of Nazeris Fauvel in the Luoxiao Mountain Range, China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae)

FIGURES 17–21. Nazeris jiaweii 17—forebody; 18—male sternite VII; 19—male sternite VIII; 20—aedeagus, in ventral view; 21—aedeagus, in lateral view. Scale bars: 17: 1 mm, 18–21: 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 12–16. Nazeris yipingae 12 in Two new species of Nazeris Fauvel in the Luoxiao Mountain Range, China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae)

FIGURES 12–16. Nazeris yipingae 12—forebody; 13—male sternite VII; 14—male sternite VIII; 15—aedeagus, in ventral view; 16—aedeagus, in lateral view. Scale bars: 12: 1 mm, 13–16: 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 4–11 in Two new species of Nazeris Fauvel in the Luoxiao Mountain Range, China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae)

FIGURES 4–11. Nazeris inaequalis (4–7: specimen from Nanfengmian, 8–11: specimen from Bamian Shan) 4, 8—male sternite VII; 5, 9—male sternite VIII; 6, 10—aedeagus, in ventral view; 7, 11—aedeagus, in lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.