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FIGURE 3. Tiganophyton karasense. A in From the frying pan: an unusual dwarf shrub from Namibia turns out to be a new brassicalean family

FIGURE 3. Tiganophyton karasense. A. Branchlet with short and long shoots; parts of oldest stem with scars left by withered short shoots. B. Short shoot with three flowers. C. Long shoot developing from apex of a short shoot. D. Long shoot leaves; dorsal view left, ventral view right. E. Short shoot leaves; dorsal view left, ventral view right. F. Semi-stylized depiction of a flower (in reality floral parts closely packed with gynophore tightly appressed to ovary), with calyx, two front stamens and a front petal removed. Note gynophore bent in near S-shape, horizontal orientated bilobed ovary, and gynobasic style (portion of style between ovary lobes indicated with stippling; ovary lobes opaque). G. Flower (side view). H. Calyx viewed from outside. I. Calyx opened out and viewed from inside. J. Nutlet. K. Flattened remains of flower with nutlet enclosed in the persistent calyx. Scale bar = 10 mm (A), or 1 mm (B–K). A, C, J & K from Swanepoel 364 and B & C–I from Swanepoel 365. Artist: Daleen Roodt.

FIGURE 1 in From the frying pan: an unusual dwarf shrub from Namibia turns out to be a new brassicalean family

FIGURE 1. Portion of the Brassicales phylogenetic tree based on three plastid (ndhF, matK and rbcL) and one mitochondrial (matR) markers. The core Brassicales clades comprise samples from Brassicaceae, Capparaceae, Cleomaceae, Resedaceae, Gyrostemonaceae, Pentadiplandraceae, Tovariaceae, and Emblingiaceae. Numbers on nodes are bootstrap percentages from the RAxML analysis.

FIGURE 4 in From the frying pan: an unusual dwarf shrub from Namibia turns out to be a new brassicalean family

FIGURE 4. Topographical map showing the known distribution (black dots) of Tiganophyton karasense in southeastern Namibia. The insert shows a map of southern Africa with names of countries; the grey rectangle indicates the area depicted by the topographical map.

FIGURE 2. Tiganophyton karasense. A. Plant habit and habitat. B in From the frying pan: an unusual dwarf shrub from Namibia turns out to be a new brassicalean family

FIGURE 2. Tiganophyton karasense. A. Plant habit and habitat. B. Part of an old long shoot showing short shoots with their rosettes of foliage leaves (mainly) and bracts. C. Young, actively elongating long shoots with short shoots not yet fully developed in leaf axils; arrows indicate where a long shoot emerges from the apex of a short shoot. D. Long shoot densely covered with short shoots, the latter bearing flowers. Photographs: W. Swanepoel.

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Figs. 1-6. 1-3 in Three new species of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) from the Palaearctic region with a redescription of the male of Amaurosoma longicorne

Figs. 1-6. 1-3: Amaurosoma longicorne (von Roser, 1840); 4-6: A. bernasconii sp. nov., male, holotype. 1, 4 – abdominal sternites 4 and 5; 2, 5 – surstyli and cerci; 3, 6 – praegonite. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Figs. 1-2, 4-5); 0.1 mm (Figs. 3, 6).

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Figs. 7-11. 7 in Three new species of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) from the Palaearctic region with a redescription of the male of Amaurosoma longicorne

Figs. 7-11. 7: Amaurosoma bernasconii sp. nov., female, allotype, abdominal sternites 4 to 7. 8-9: Microprosopa ozerovi sp. nov., male, paratype; 10-11: Norellisoma vonickai sp. nov., female. 8 – abdominal sternites 3 to 5; 9 – praegonite; 10 – abdominal sternites 5 to 7; 11 – abdominal sternite 8. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Figs. 8, 10); 0.1 mm (Figs. 7, 9, 11).

Fig. 3 in Three new species of bristletails of the families Meinertellidae and Machilidae (Archaeognatha) from Ukraine and Southern Russia

Fig. 3. Machilinus petrophilus sp. nov. (E – male, holotype;A–D – female, paratype): A – urocoxite VIII, with anterior gonapophyses; B – urocoxite IX, with posterior gonapophyses; C – distal part of anterior gonapophysis; D – distal part of posterior gonapophysis; E – urocoxite IX, with penis. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 7 in Three new species of bristletails of the families Meinertellidae and Machilidae (Archaeognatha) from Ukraine and Southern Russia

Fig. 7. Charimachilis rostoviensis sp. nov., female, holotype: A – urosternite and urocoxites V (part); B – urosternite and urocoxites VII (part); C – urotergite X (part); D – anterior gonapophysis; E – posterior gonapophysis. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 6 in Three new species of bristletails of the families Meinertellidae and Machilidae (Archaeognatha) from Ukraine and Southern Russia

Fig. 6. Charimachilis rostoviensis sp. nov., female, holotype: A – distal part of cercus; B – eyes and ocelli, front view; C – 1st–3rd articles of maxillary palpus; D – 4th–7th articles of maxillary palpus; E – labial palpus, with labium (part); F – distal part of mandible; G – part of fore leg. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 4 in Three new species of bristletails of the families Meinertellidae and Machilidae (Archaeognatha) from Ukraine and Southern Russia

Fig. 4. Machilinus obscurus sp. nov. (A–C, F, G, H – male, holotype; D, E – female, paratype): A – scapus, pedicellus and two basal annuli of flagellum; B – head, front view; C, D – maxillary palpus; E, F – labial palpus and labium (part); G – distal part of mandible; H – hind leg. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 5 in Three new species of bristletails of the families Meinertellidae and Machilidae (Archaeognatha) from Ukraine and Southern Russia

Fig. 5. Machilinus obscurus sp. nov. (D – male, holotype; A–C – female, paratype): A – urocoxite IX, with anterior gonapophysis; B – distal part of anterior gonapophyses; C – distal part of posterior gonapophysis; D – urocoxite IX, with penis. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 1 in Three new species of bristletails of the families Meinertellidae and Machilidae (Archaeognatha) from Ukraine and Southern Russia

Fig. 1. Machilinus petrophilus sp. nov. (B, D, E, G–K – male, holotype; A, C, F – female, paratype): A – scapus and pedicellus of antenna; B – head, frontal view; C – distal part of cercus; D – maxillary palpus; E – 1st–3rd articles of maxillary palpus; F, G – labial palpus and labium (part); H – apical article of labial palpus; I – distal part of mandible; J – part of hind leg; K – pretarsus of hind leg. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figs 8–9 in Three new species of bristletails of the families Meinertellidae and Machilidae (Archaeognatha) from Ukraine and Southern Russia

Figs 8–9. Habitats of the new species. 8 – habitat of Machilinus petrophilus sp. nov., Amvrosiivka, July 22, 2019. 9 – habitat of Machilinus obscurus sp. nov., Starobeshevo, right bank of the Kalmius river, September 24, 2019. (Photos by V. Martynov).

Fig. 2 in Three new species of bristletails of the families Meinertellidae and Machilidae (Archaeognatha) from Ukraine and Southern Russia

Fig. 2. Machilinus petrophilus sp. nov. (A, D – male, holotype; B, C, E – female, paratype): A, B – urosternite and urocoxites V (part); C – urosternite and urocoxites VII (part); D – pronotum (part); E – urotergite I (part). Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 1 in Electrocambalidae fam. nov., a new family of Cambalidea from Cretaceous Burmese amber (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida)

Fig. 1. Electrocambala ornata gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (ZFMK-MYR7369). A. Habitus, lateral view, photograph. B. Head and anterior body rings, lateral view, photograph. C. Head and anterior body rings, lateral view, volume rendering. D. Head and anterior body rings, lateral view, drawing. E. Tarsus of midbody leg, photograph. F. Midbody ring, photograph. G. Gonopods, frontal view, segmentation. H. Gonopods, lateral view, segmentation. Abbreviations: ag = anterior gonopod; as = accessory spine; at = antennae; cl = claw; co = collum; cx = coxite; L = leg; la = labrum; md = mandible; mz = metazonite; om = ommatidia; pe = penis; pg = posterior gonopod; pz = prozonite; ta = tarsus; te = telopodite.

Fig. 3 in Electrocambalidae fam. nov., a new family of Cambalidea from Cretaceous Burmese amber (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida)

Fig. 3. Electrocambala cretacea gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (ZFMK-MYR7370). A. Amber piece, photograph. B. Habitus, lateral view, photograph. C. Head and anterior body rings, lateral view, photograph. D. Telson and posterior body rings, lateral view, photograph. E. Head and anterior body rings, lateral view, drawing. F. Antenna, drawing. G. Midbody leg, drawing. Abbreviations: 57 = body ring 57; as = apical spine; at = antennae; av = anal valve; cl = claw; co = collum; cx = coxa; il = incisura lateralis; L = leg; la = labrum; md = mandible; om = ommatidia; ta = tarsus; te = telson.

Fig. 5 in Electrocambalidae fam. nov., a new family of Cambalidea from Cretaceous Burmese amber (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida)

Fig. 5. Kachincambala distorta gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (ZFMK-MYR7368). A. Amber piece, photograph. B. Head and anterior body rings, lateral view, photograph. C. Head and anterior body rings, lateral view, volume rendering. D. Head, lateral view, drawing. E. Tarsus, drawing. F. Gonopods, anterior view, segmentation. G. Gonopods, lateral view, segmentation. Abbreviations: ag = anterior gonopod; at = antennae; cl = claw; co = collum; cx = coxite; L = leg; la = labrum; md = mandible; om = ommatidia; oz = ozopore; pg = posterior gonopod; ta = tarsus; te = telopodite.

Fig. 4 in Electrocambalidae fam. nov., a new family of Cambalidea from Cretaceous Burmese amber (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida)

Fig. 4. Kachincambala muelleri gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (ZFMK-MYR10225). A. Habitus, dorsal view, photograph. B. Head and anterior body rings, ventral view, volume rendering. C. Head and anterior body rings, lateral view, volume rendering. D. head, frontal view, volume rendering. E. Head, ventral view, volume rendering. F. Gonopods, frontal view, segmentation. G. Gonopods, lateral view, segmentation. Abbreviations: ag = anterior gonopod; at = antennae; co = collum; cx = coxite; em = eumentum; gn = gnathochilarium; L = leg; la = labrum; ll = lamella limgualis; md = mandible; om = ommatidia; pe = penis; pg = posterior gonopod; pm = promentum; st = gnathochilarial stipes; te = telopodite.

Fig. 2 in Electrocambalidae fam. nov., a new family of Cambalidea from Cretaceous Burmese amber (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida)

Fig. 2. Electrocambala ornata gen. et sp. nov., other material, photographs. A. ♂ (BuB1962). B. ♀ (BuB1825). C. Paratype, ♀ (ZFMK MYR7370).