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Figure 3 in Deforestation affects biogeographical regionalization: a case study contrasting potential and extant distributions of Mexican terrestrial mammals
Figure 3. Mexican regionalization based on consensus cladogram of t1.
Fig. 2 in Distribution patterns and trophic characteristics of salmonids and native species inhabiting high altitude rivers of Pampa de Achala region, Argentina
Fig. 2. Mean salmonid density related to river order.
Dataset for the manuscript "Comparison of Spatiotemporal Distribution and Occurrence Conditions of Large and Small Hail Events in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region"
<p>This data set is a supplement to the journal article " Comparison of Spatiotemporal Distribution and Occurrence Conditions of Large and Small Hail Events in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region".</p> <p>The data set consists of</p> <ul> <li>Hail disaster information included the station NO., hail frequency and the maximum size of hailstone.</li> <li>The atmospheric environment data from ERA-interim data associated with the hail events in this study. </li> <li>VIL and meso-scale rotation parameters correspond to hailstorms. </li> </ul>
Data from: Regional variation in climate change alters the range-wide distribution of colour polymorphism in a wild bird
<p><span>According to Gloger's rule animal colouration is expected to be darker in wetter and warmer climates. Such environmental clines are predicted to occur in colour polymorphic species and to be shaped by selection if colour morphs represent adaptations to different environments. We studied if the distribution of the colour polymorphic tawny owl (<em>Strix aluco</em>) morphs (a pheomelanic brown and a pale grey) across Europe follow the predictions of Gloger's rule and if there is a temporal change in the geographical patterns corresponding to regional variations in climate change. We used data on tawny owl museum skin specimen collections. First, we investigated long-term spatiotemporal variation in the probability of observing the colour morphs in different climate zones. Second, we studied if the probability of observing the colour morphs was associated with general climatic conditions. Third, we studied if weather fluctuations prior the finding year of an owl explains colour morph in each climate zone. The brown tawny owl morph was historically more common than the grey morph in every studied climate zone. Over time the brown morph has become rarer in the temperate and Mediterranean zone, whereas it has first become rarer but then again more common in the boreal zone. Based on general climatic conditions winter and summer temperature were positively and negatively associated with proportion of brown morph, respectively. Winter precipitation was negatively associated with proportion of brown morph. The effects of five-year means of weather on the probability to observe a brown morph differed between climate zones, indicating region dependent effect of climate change and weather on tawny owl colouration. To conclude, tawny owl colouration does not explicitly follow Gloger's rule, implying a time and space dependent complex system shaped by many factors. We provide novel insights in how the geographic distribution of pheomelanin-based colour polymorphism is changing.</span></p>
Fig. 2 in Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the region of Cape Emine (central Bulgarian Black sea coast). Part III. Spatial distribution and gradient analysis
Fig. 2. DCA analysis of the trapdays data for all of the sampling sites.
Fig. 1 in Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from the region of Cape Emine (central Bulgarian Black sea coast). Part III. Spatial distribution and gradient analysis
Fig. 1. PCA distribution of the sampling sites with full two-year catches.
Data from: Coinfection with chytrid genotypes drives divergent infection dynamics reflecting regional distribution patterns
<p>By altering the abundance, diversity, and distribution of species — and their pathogens — globalization may inadvertently select for more virulent pathogens. In Brazil's Atlantic Forest, a hotspot of amphibian biodiversity, the global trade has facilitated the co-occurrence of previously isolated enzootic and panzootic lineages of the pathogenic amphibian-chytrid (<em>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</em>, 'Bd') and generated new virulent recombinant genotypes ('hybrid'). Epidemiological data indicate that amphibian declines are most severe in hybrid zones, suggesting that coinfections are causing more severe infections or selecting for higher virulence. We investigated how coinfections involving these genotypes shaped virulence and transmission. Overall, coinfection favored the more virulent and competitively superior panzootic genotype, despite dampening its transmission potential and overall virulence. However, for the least virulent and least competitive genotype, coinfection increased both overall virulence and transmission. Thus, by integrating experimental and epidemiological data, our results provide a mechanistic insight into how globalization can select for, and propel, the emergence of introduced hypervirulent lineages, such as the globally distributed panzootic lineage of Bd.</p>
Simulated distribution of the fluid salinity, Cu and temperature in a sub-volcanic region
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Data from: Effects of roads and land use on frog distributions across spatial scales and regions in the eastern and central United States
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Species Abundance Distributions (SADs) for local tree communities in 1-ha forest plots on 20 tropical islands in the Indo-Pacific region
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Data from: Coinfection with chytrid genotypes drives divergent infection dynamics reflecting regional distribution patterns
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Codes for simulation and data for: The relationship between local and regional extinction rates depends on species distribution patterns
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Data from: Distributional trends and species richness of Maryland, USA stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera), with an emphasis on the Appalachian region
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Data from: Regional variation in climate change alters the range-wide distribution of colour polymorphism in a wild bird
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Distribution. Endemic to a small area of the Chocó Region on Pacific slope of o lombia and Ecuador, recorded from only four localities in SW Colombia (Rio Chanco, Valle del Cauca Department) and NW Ecuador (Esmeraldas and Imbabura provinces), and presumably in appropriate habitat between these localities. in Emballonuridae
Distribution. Endemic to a small area of the Chocó Region on Pacific slope of o lombia and Ecuador, recorded from only four localities in SW Colombia (Rio Chanco, Valle del Cauca Department) and NW Ecuador (Esmeraldas and Imbabura provinces), and presumably in appropriate habitat between these localities.
Distribution. NE & C Tanzania (Amboni Cave Forest, Mazumbai Forest Reserve on E ridge of West Usambara Mts, and Iringa region) and N Mozambique (Mt Namuli). in Rhinolophidae
Distribution. NE & C Tanzania (Amboni Cave Forest, Mazumbai Forest Reserve on E ridge of West Usambara Mts, and Iringa region) and N Mozambique (Mt Namuli).
Regionally divergent drivers of historical diversification in the late Quaternary in a widely distributed generalist species, the common pheasant Phasianus colchicus
<p>Aim: Pleistocene climate and associated environmental changes have influenced phylogeographic patterns of many species. These not only depend on a species' life history but also vary regionally. Consequently, populations of widespread species that occur in several biomes might display different evolutionary trajectories. We aimed to identify regional drivers of diversification in the common pheasant, a widely distributed ecological generalist. <br> <br> Study location Asia<br> <br> Taxon common pheasant Phasianus colchicus<br> <br> Methods Using a comprehensive geographic sampling of 204 individuals from the species' entire range genotyped at seven nuclear and two mitochondrial loci, we reconstructed spatio-temporal diversification and demographic history of the common pheasant. We applied Bayesian phylogenetic inference to describe phylogeographic structure, generated a species tree, and inferred demographic history within and migration between lineages. Moreover, to establish a taxonomic framework, we conducted a species delimitation analysis.<br> Results The common pheasant diversified during the late Pleistocene into eight distinct lineages. It originated at the edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and spread to East and Central Asia. Only the widely distributed lowland lineage of East Asia displayed recent range expansion. Greater phylogeographic structure was identified elsewhere, with lineages showing no sign of recent demographic changes. One lineage in south-central China is the result of long-term isolation within a climatically stable but topographically complex region. In lineages from arid Central Asia and China, range expansions were impeded by repeated population fragmentation during dry glacial periods and by recent aridification. <br> <br> Main conclusions <br> Spatio-temporal phylogeographic frameworks of widespread taxa such as the common pheasant provide valuable opportunities to identify divergent drivers of regional diversification. Our results suggest that diversification and population histories in the eight distinct evolutionary lineages were shaped by regionally variable effects of past climate and associated environmental changes. The evolutionary history of the common pheasant is best reflected by its being split into three species.</p>
Soil organic carbon distribution for 0-3 m soils at 1 km2 scale of the frozen ground in the Third Pole Regions
<p>Soil organic carbon (SOC) is very important in the vulnerable ecological environment of the Third Pole; however, data regarding the spatial distribution of SOC are still scarce and uncertain. Based on multiple environmental variables and soil profile data from 458 pits (depth of 0–1 m) and 114 cores (depth of 0–3 m), this study uses a machine-learning approach to evaluate the SOC storage and spatial distribution at different soil depths (0–30 cm, 0–50 cm, 0–100 cm, 0–200 cm, and 0–300 cm) in the frozen ground area of the Third Pole region. Our results provide information on the storage, patterns, and environmental controls of SOCSs at a 1 km<sup>2</sup> scale for areas of frozen ground in the Third Pole region, thus providing a scientific basis for future studies pertaining to Earth system models.</p> <p>Soil organic carbon data is stored in grids format, and the file name is "TP-SOC-d.tif", where d represents soil depth, for example, "TP-SOC-30.tif" represents the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon stocks in the Third Pole regions of the upper 30 cm depth interval.</p> <p> </p>
FIGURES 47–48. Distribution maps. 47. D. elongata n in Revision of the Nearctic species of Ditomyia Winnertz and a new species from the Neotropical Region (Diptera: Ditomyiidae)
FIGURES 47–48. Distribution maps. 47. D. elongata n. sp. (yellow star) and D. sohnsi n. sp. (red circle). 48. D. potomaca (green circle) and D. euzona (red square); although no D. euzona specimens were examined from the District of Columbia, because D.C. is the type locality of D. euzona and is the most southern record known for the species, it has been plotted on the map.
Data from: Shaping species with ephemeral boundaries: the distribution and genetic structure of the desert tortoise (Gopherus morafkai) in the Sonoran Desert region
Aim: We examine the role biogeographical features played in the evolution of Morafka's desert tortoise (Gopherus morafkai) and test the hypothesis that G. morafkai maintains genetically distinct lineages associated with different Sonoran Desert biomes. Increased knowledge of the past and present distribution of the Sonoran Desert region's biota provides insight into the forces that drive and maintain its biodiversity. Location: Sonoran Desert biogeographical region; Sonora and Sinaloa, Mexico and Arizona, USA. Methods: We examined wild tortoises from Mexico (n = 155) and Arizona (n = 78), spanning their known distribution. We used mtDNA sequences to reconstruct matrilineal relationships and 25 microsatellite (STR) loci for Bayesian analyses of gene flow. We performed clinal analyses on both mtDNA and STR loci to determine the position and amount of introgression where lineages co-occur. We used GIS to assess the association of genetic structuring with ecological features. We used these data in a hypothesis-driven approach to assess different models of how genetic diversity is maintained and distributed in G. morafkai. Results: Gopherus morafkai was found to comprise genetically and geographically distinct 'Sonoran' and 'Sinaloan' lineages. Both lineages occurred in a relatively narrow zone of overlap in Sinaloan thornscrub, where it transitions into Sonoran desertscrub. Limited introgression occurred at the contact zone. The best-fit model suggests that these lineages diverged in parapatry where the distribution of genotypes is environment-dependent and introgression is inhibited by exogenous selection. Main conclusions: The historically shifting ecotone between tropical deciduous forest and Sonoran desertscrub appears to be a boundary that fostered divergence between parapatric lineages of tortoises. The sharp genetic cline between the two lineages suggests that periods of isolation in temporary refugia due to Pleistocene climatic cycling influenced divergence. Despite incomplete reproductive isolation, the Sonoran and Sinaloan lineages of G. morafkai are on separate evolutionary trajectories.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.