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1,719 results for “songs”
Demographics and song repertoire sizes of cirl bunting populations
<p>In order to improve conservation outcomes translocation or reintroduction of individuals may be necessary. When song learning birds are translocated, changes in the cultural diversity of song repertoires, or abnormal vocalisations, in the new population can be a problem. We monitored song production over 8 years in a reintroduced population of the cirl bunting (<em>Emberiza cirlus</em>). Chicks were removed from nests in Devon, UK, between 2006-2011, translocated at six days old to be hand-reared and released in Cornwall, UK. Recordings at the release site in 2011 showed a significantly reduced population repertoire and individuals sang abnormal song types compared to the source populations in Devon. However, recordings in 2019, showed population song repertoire had reached the level of source populations of similar size, and song types were species typical. Our study shows that species can recover from a cultural bottleneck and suggests that, for some song learning birds, if translocation of nestlings is necessary it may not lead to long-term problems for communication and thus population persistence. For future translocations of nestlings, we recommend that efforts are made to provide tutoring to enable song learning. This may be achieved by providing recordings but may also include providing adult song tutors. In addition, playback of 'normal' songs to translocated populations may aid in development of species typical song repertoires, although care must be taken that this is not disturbing the reintroduced birds.</p>
Familiarity, homogeneity, and discrimination of song dialects: Data and playback study stimuli
<p>Male songbirds of many species sing local song dialects that are restricted to defined geographical areas. In most tests of responses to local versus foreign dialects, males respond more aggressively to songs from their own dialect, presumably because local males represent more of a threat to their success. We asked how hearing foreign songs during development and territory establishment affects discrimination of the local dialect in wild Savannah sparrows, <em>Passerculus sandwichensis</em>. After foreign songs had been heard from loudspeakers in the study area in at least two consecutive breeding seasons, males reduced the intensity of their responses to the local version of population-specific buzz segment of the song. Four years after the foreign songs were last broadcast on the study area, males again responded more aggressively to the local version of the buzz. As for the basis of these responses, we found no evidence that birds discriminated among dialects by comparing them to their own songs. However, auditory experience with a foreign song, whether during song development (from speaker-simulated song tutors) or during the current breeding season (from neighbours' songs), reduced the intensity of birds' responses to the local buzz type. Both familiarity, in the form of auditory experience with a song type, and homogeneity, when a song type is sung by all or nearly all of the population, appear to contribute to heightened aggressive responses to a local song dialect.</p>
Data from: Warm-up and metrics of song performance: a commentary on Vazquez-Cardona et al
<p>Interactive plots that re-generate random data in Figure 2 of Cardoso (2024) "Warm-up and metrics of song performance: a commentary on Vazquez-Cardona et al." Behavioral Ecology.</p>
Social experiences shape song preference learning independent of developmental exposure to song
<p>Communication governs the formation and maintenance of social relationships. The interpretation of communication signals depends not only on the signal's content, but also on a receiver's individual experience. Experiences throughout life may interact to affect behavioral plasticity, such that a lack of developmental sensory exposure could constrain adult learning, while salient adult social experiences could remedy developmental deficits. We investigated how experiences impact the formation and direction of female auditory preferences in the zebra finch. Zebra finches form long-lasting pair bonds and females learn preferences for their mate's vocalizations. We found that after two weeks of cohabitation with a male, females formed pair bonds and learned to prefer their partner's song regardless of whether they were reared with ("normally-reared") or without ("song-naïve") developmental exposure to song. In contrast, females that heard but did not physically interact with a male did not prefer his song. In addition, previous work has found that song-naive females do not show species-typical preferences for courtship song. We found that cohabitation with a male ameliorated this difference in preference. Thus, courtship and pair bonding, but not acoustic-only interactions, strongly influence preference learning regardless of rearing experience, and may dynamically drive auditory plasticity for recognition and preference.</p>
PitchFork Best Songs Dataset
<p><strong>This dataset contains information about the PitchWork url <a href="https://pitchfork.com/best/">https://pitchfork.com/best/</a> which shows information about the best new music. This dataset has been built using web scraping techniques. The fields contained in the dataset are as follows:</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>‘artist’ [String]: contains the name of the artist.</strong></li> <li><strong>‘title’ [String]: album/song title.</strong></li> <li><strong>‘gnre’ [String]: musical genre of the album/song.</strong></li> <li><strong>‘url’ [String]: url of the review of the album/song.</strong></li> <li><strong>‘type’ [String]: flag that indicates if it is an album or a song.</strong></li> <li><strong>‘image’ [String]: url to the image of the album/song.</strong></li> </ul>
Song of a male Green-winged Saltator (Saltator similis)
<p>Supplementary file for the article <em>Song as a signal of identity and quality in male Green-winged Saltator (Saltator similis).</em> This is a section from a recording containing songs from a single individual. Recorded inside the recording room reported in the paper.</p>
Natural and anthropogenic noise increase vigilance and decrease foraging behaviors in song sparrows
<p>Animals glean information about risk from their habitat. The acoustic environment is one such source of information, and is an important, yet understudied ecological axis. Although anthropogenic noise has become recently ubiquitous, risk mitigation behaviors have likely been shaped by natural noise over millennia. Listening animals have been shown to increase vigilance and decrease foraging in both natural and anthropogenic noise. However, direct comparisons could be informative to conservation and understanding evolutionary drivers of behavior in noise. Here, we used 27 song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) and 148 laboratory behavioral trials to assess foraging and vigilance behavior in both anthropogenic and natural noise sources. Using 5 acoustic environments (playbacks of roadway traffic, a white-water river, a white-water river shifted upwards in frequency, a river with the amplitude modulation of roadway traffic, and an ambient control), we attempt to parse out the acoustic characteristics that make a foraging habitat risky. We found that sparrows increased vigilance or decreased foraging in 4 of 6 behaviors when foraging in higher sound levels regardless of the noise source or variation in frequency and amplitude modulation. These responses may help explain previously-reported declines in abundance of song sparrows exposed to playback of intense river noise. Our results imply that natural soundscapes have likely shaped behavior long before anthropogenic noise, and that high sound levels negatively affect the foraging-vigilance trade-off in most intense acoustic environments. Given the ever-increasing footprint of noise pollution, these results imply potential negative consequences for bird populations. </p>
Song recordings and annotation files of 3 canaries used to evaluate training of TweetyNet models for birdsong segmentation and annotation
<p>Many analyses of birdsong require time-consuming manual annotation of the individual elements of song, known as syllables or notes. We developed the first automated algorithm for birdsong annotation, "TweetyNet", that is applicable to complex song such as canary song. TweetyNet is trained with a small amount of hand-labeled data using supervised learning methods. We evaluate the amount of data required for training TweetyNet models using vocalizations of two songbird species - Bengalese finches and Canaries. This dataset contains song audio files and their accompanying annotation files for the three canaries used in this analysis.</p>
Fig. 1, 1–10 in Song Repertoire And Comparative Analysis Of Song Structure Of Chaffinch, Fringilla Coelebs (Fringillidae), From The Northeast Of Balkan Region
Fig. 1, 1–10. Sonograms of most frequent song types of Balkan chaffinches.
Fig. 1, 10–18 in Song Repertoire And Comparative Analysis Of Song Structure Of Chaffinch, Fringilla Coelebs (Fringillidae), From The Northeast Of Balkan Region
Fig. 1, 10–18. Sonograms of most frequent song types of Balkan chaffinches.
A song of wind and ice: increased frequency of marine cold-spells in southwestern Patagonia and their possible effects on giant kelp forests
<p><span>In contrast to other coastal regions of the world, the giant kelp (</span><span>Macrocystis pyrifera</span><span>) </span><span> </span><span>ecosystem</span> <span>in</span> <span>southwestern</span> <span>Patagonia has been persistent in area and associated biodi</span><span>versity in the last decades. In this ecoregion, Sea Surface Temperature (SST) records have </span><span>consistently</span> <span>remained</span> <span>below</span> <span>the</span> <span>upper</span> <span>thermal</span> <span>threshold</span> <span>for</span> <span>kelp</span> <span>survival, however no </span><span>studies have analysed the spatiotemporal variability of SSTs and their anomalies across </span><span>the</span> <span>geographical</span> <span>diversity of the southwestern Patagonian coastline. We explored the </span><span>geographical</span> <span>distribution of extreme warm and cold events in this region from latitudes </span><span>47</span><span>° </span><span>to 56</span><span>° </span><span>S in a range of 1,000 km, identifying the dates and spatial distribution of </span><span>Marine Heatwaves (MHWs) and Marine Cold-Spells (MCSs) from 1982 to 2020. Results </span><span>sho</span><span>w</span> <span>that</span> <span>a peak in the number of </span><span>MHWs</span><span> occurred in the </span><span>great</span> <span>El</span> <span>Ni</span><span>n</span><span>o</span> <span>y</span><span>ear</span> <span>of</span> <span>1998. </span><span>Additionally, the 2014-2019 period has had more severe and extreme MCSs than the pre</span><span>vious decades. We discuss the origin of these events with a focus on three main processes: 1</span><span>) geographically constrained cold events caused by glacier melting, 2) regional cold events </span><span>caused by extreme winds linked to the position of the polar front, and 3) extensive SST </span><span>anomalies</span> <span>link</span><span>ed</span> <span>to planetary-scale events such as El Nino and La Nina. Overall, those </span><span>processes were conductive to counteract global warming trends locally/regionally, high</span><span>lighting</span> <span>southwestern Patagonia as a possible climatic refugium for the giant kelp ecosys</span><span>tem. Despite this, the effects of freshwater inputs and storm turbulence on the exposed </span><span>coasts facing the Southern Ocean may cause new kinds of stress on this ecosystem.</span></p>
Data for: Individual differences in song plasticity in response to social stimuli and singing position
<p>Individual animals can react to the changes in their environment by exhibiting behaviours in an individual-specific way leading to individual differences in phenotypic plasticity. However, the effect of multiple environmental factors on multiple traits is rarely tested. Such a complex approach is necessary to assess the generality of plasticity and to understand how among-individual differences in the ability to adapt to changing environments evolve. This study examined whether individuals adjust different song traits to varying environmental conditions in the collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis), a passerine with complex song. We also aimed to reveal among-individual differences in behavioural responses by testing whether individual differences in plasticity were repeatable. The presence of general plasticity across traits and/or contexts was also tested. To assess plasticity, we documented 1) short-scale temporal changes in song traits in different social contexts (after exposition to male stimulus, female stimulus or without stimuli), and 2) changes concerning the height from where the bird sang (singing position), used as a proxy of predation risk and acoustic transmission conditions. We found population-level relationships between singing position and both song length and complexity, as well as social context-dependent temporal changes in song length and maximum frequency. We found among-individual differences in plasticity of song length and maximum frequency along both the temporal and positional gradients. These among-individual differences in plasticity were repeatable. Some of the plastic responses correlated across different song traits and environmental gradients. Overall, our results show that the plasticity of bird song 1) depends on the social context, 2) exists along different environmental gradients and 3) there is evidence for trade-offs between the responses of different traits to different environmental variables. Our results highlight the need to consider individual differences and to investigate multiple traits along multiple environmental axes when studying behavioural plasticity. </p>
Male song stability shows cross-year repeatability but does not affect reproductive success in a wild passerine bird
<p>Predictable behaviour (or "behavioural stability") might be favoured in certain ecological contexts, e.g. when representing a quality signal. Costs associated with producing stable phenotypes imply selection should favour plasticity in stability when beneficial. Repeatable among-individual differences in degree of stability are simultaneously expected if individuals differ in ability to pay these costs, or in how they resolve cost-benefit trade-offs. Bird song represents a prime example, where stability may be costly yet beneficial when stable singing is a quality signal favoured by sexual selection. Assuming energetic costs, ecological variation (e.g. in food availability) should result in both within- and among-individual variation in stability. If song stability represents a quality signal, we expect directional selection favouring stable singers. For a three-year period, we monitored 12 nest box plots of great tits Parus major during breeding. We recorded male songs during simulated territory intrusions, twice during their mate's laying stage, and twice during incubation. Each preceding winter, we manipulated food availability. Assuming that stability is costly, we expected food-supplemented males to sing more stable songs. We also expected males to sing more stable songs early in the breeding season (when paternity is not decided), and stable singers to have increased reproductive success. We found strong support for plasticity in stability for two key song characteristics: minimum frequency and phrase length. Males were plastic because they became more stable over the season, contrary to expectations. Food-supplementation did not affect body condition but increased stability in minimum frequency. This treatment effect occurred only in one year, implying that food supplementation affected stability only in interaction with (unknown) year-specific ecological factors. We found no support for directional, correlational, or fluctuating selection on the stability in minimum frequency (i.e., the song trait whose stability exhibited cross-year repeatability): stable singers did not have higher reproductive success. Our findings imply that stability in minimum frequency is not a fitness quality indicator unless males enjoy fitness benefits via pathways not studied here. Future studies should thus address the mechanisms shaping and maintaining individual repeatability of song stability in the wild.</p>
The Song of Roland (and the Romancero) / El Cantar de Roldán (y el Romancero)
<p>Participation in the radio programme <em>El Libro Rojo by Ritxi Ostáriz</em> with an episode dedicated to the legend of the Battle of Roncesvalles and its survival in the <em>chansons de geste</em> and the <em>romancero</em>. The podcast can be listened to through the following platforms:</p> <ul> <li>iVoox: https://www.ivoox.com/elr178-el-cantar-roldan-nicolas-asensio-audios-mp3_rf_81897136_1.html</li> <li>Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/1g8vEgr43JltPcWNMfcamU</li> <li>ApplePodcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/es/podcast/el-libro-rojo-de-ritxi-ost%C3%A1riz/id1040215538</li> <li>PodTail: https://podtail.com/es/podcast/el-libro-rojo/</li> <li>Radio.es: https://www.radio.es/p/ellibrorojo</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>Participación en el programa de radio <em>El Libro Rojo de Ritxi Ostáriz</em> con un episodio dedicado a la leyenda de la Batalla de Roncesvalles y su pervivencia en los cantares de gesta y el romancero. El pódcast puede escucharse a través de las siguientes plataformas:</p> <ul> <li>iVoox: https://www.ivoox.com/elr178-el-cantar-roldan-nicolas-asensio-audios-mp3_rf_81897136_1.html</li> <li>Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/1g8vEgr43JltPcWNMfcamU</li> <li>ApplePodcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/es/podcast/el-libro-rojo-de-ritxi-ost%C3%A1riz/id1040215538</li> <li>PodTail: https://podtail.com/es/podcast/el-libro-rojo/</li> <li>Radio.es: https://www.radio.es/p/ellibrorojo</li> </ul>
Data set: The origin of sex differences in song in a tropical duetting wren
<p>The study of song development has focused on temperate zone birds in which typically only males sing. In the bay wren, Cantorchilus nigricapillus, both sexes sing, performing precisely timed, female-initiated duets in which birds alternate sex-specific song phrases. We investigated the origin of these sex differences by collecting bay wren eggs and nestlings and hand-raising them in individual acoustic isolation chambers. Each bird was tutored with either monophonic or stereophonic recordings of bay wren duets, or heard no song. As adults, each tutored bird individually sang complete duets, singing both male and female song phrases. On occasion, birds learned only the male or female part of a duet to which they were exposed. However, mono-tutored birds showed no sex-specificity in these solo songs, whereas stereo-tutored birds only sang solos consistent with their sex. In addition, stereo-tutored birds acquired songs over a longer period than did mono-tutored birds. In both groups, females showed more sex-specificity during the song learning process. Finally, we observed that tutored and acoustically isolated birds invented male-like songs, whereas only males invent songs in the wild. These results reveal the relative roles played by social versus innate influences in the development of sex-specific song in this species.</p>
Song complexity is maintained during inter-population cultural transmission of humpback whale songs
<p>Among animal species, the songs of male humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) are a rare example of social learning between entire populations. Understanding fine-scale similarity in song patterns and structural features will better clarify how accurately songs are learned during inter-population transmission. Here, six distinct song types (2009–2015) transmitted from the east Australian to New Caledonian populations were quantitatively analysed using fine-scale song features. Results found that New Caledonian whales learned each song type with high accuracy regardless of the pattern's complexity. However, there were rare instances of themes (stereotyped patterns of sound units) only sung by a single population. These occurred more often in progressively changing 'evolutionary' songs compared to rapidly changing 'revolutionary' songs. Our results suggest that populations do not need to reduce complexity to accurately learn song patterns. Populations may also incorporate changes and embellishments into songs in the form of themes which are suggested to be learnt as distinct segments. Maintaining complex song patterns with such accuracy suggests significant acoustic contact, supporting the hypothesis that song learning may occur on shared feeding grounds or migration routes. This study improves the understanding of inter-population mechanisms for large-scale cultural transmission in animals.</p>
Top 5 Songs from Each Generation (Baby Boomers to Generation Alpha) with Song Information
<p><strong>Year:</strong> The year the song was released.</p> <p><strong>Artist:</strong> The artist or group who performed the song.</p> <p><strong>Song:</strong> The title of the song.</p> <p><strong>Genre:</strong> The genre of the song.</p> <p><strong>Lyrics:</strong> Excerpts from the lyrics of the song.</p> <p><strong>Danceability:</strong> A measure of how suitable a track is for dancing, based on a combination of musical elements including tempo, rhythm stability, beat strength, and overall regularity.</p> <p><strong>Energy:</strong> A measure of intensity and activity in the song, typically including dynamic range, perceived loudness, timbre, onset rate, and general entropy.</p> <p><strong>Liveness:</strong> A measure of the presence of an audience in the recording. Higher values represent an increased probability that the track was performed live.</p> <p><strong>Speechiness:</strong> A measure of the presence of spoken words in the track. Values above 0.66 describe tracks that are probably entirely spoken words.</p> <p><strong>Valence:</strong> A measure of the musical positiveness of a track, ranging from 0 to 1, with higher values indicating more positive tracks (e.g., happy, cheerful, euphoric), and lower values indicating more negative tracks (e.g., sad, depressed, angry).</p> <p>This dataset seems to capture a variety of popular songs from the mid-20th century, providing insights into their lyrical content and musical characteristics.</p>
Song and genetic divergence within a subspecies of white-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli)
<p><span>Animal culture evolves alongside </span><span>genomes</span><span>, and</span><span> the two modes of inheritance—culture and genes—interact in myriad ways.</span> <span>For example,</span><span> stable geographic variation </span><span>in culture can act as </span><span>a </span><span>reproductive barrier</span><span>, </span><span>thereby producing genetic divergence</span><span> between "cultural populations</span><span>.</span><span>"</span> <span>White-crowned sparrows (</span><span>Zonotrichia</span> <span>leucophrys</span><span>) are a </span><span>well-established</span><span> model species for bird song</span><span> learning</span><span> and cultural evolution</span><span>, as t</span><span>hey </span><span>have </span><span>distinct</span><span>, </span><span>geographically </span><span>discrete</span><span>, and culturally transmitted</span> <span>song </span><span>types</span><span> (i.e., song dialects)</span><span>. </span><span>In this study, we tested </span><span>the hypothesis that</span> <span>divergence between </span><span>culturally transmitted </span><span>songs </span><span>drive</span><span>s</span> <span>genetic divergence</span> <span>with</span><span>in Nuttall's white-crowned sparrows (</span><span>Z. l. </span><span>nuttalli</span><span>).</span><span> In accordance with sexual selection theory, we hypothesized that cultural divergence between mating signals both preceded and generated genetic divergence.</span><span>We characterized the population structure and song variation in the subspecies and found two </span><span>genetic</span><span>ally differentiated</span> <span>populations </span><span>whose</span><span> boundary</span> <span>coincid</span><span>es</span><span> with a major </span><span>song </span><span>boundary</span><span> at Monterey Bay</span><span>, California</span><span>.</span> <span>We then</span><span> conducted a song playback experiment </span><span>that </span><span>demonstrated males discriminate between songs based on their degree of divergence from the</span><span>ir</span><span> local dialect</span><span>. These results</span> <span>support</span><span> the idea that discrimination against non-local songs</span><span> is driving genetic divergence between the northern and southern populations. </span><span>Altogether, t</span><span>his</span><span> study</span><span> provides evidence that</span><span> cultura</span><span>lly transmitted bird songs can act as the foundation for speciation by sexual selection</span><span>.</span></p>
Gradual transitions in genetics and songs between coastal and inland populations of Setophaga townsendi
<p><em>Setophaga townsendi </em>is a species of wood-warbler (family Parulidae) in northwestern North America that has a geographic structure in the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes: while interior populations have differentiated mitonuclear ancestry from the sister species <em>S. occidentalis</em>, coastal populations have a mix of inland and <em>S. occidentalis </em>mitonuclear ancestries. This coastal-to-inland transition in genomic ancestry raises the possibility of similar geographic structure in phenotypic traits, especially those involved in mate choice. Using qualitative and multivariate approaches, we investigated whether there is a sharp transition between coastal and inland populations in both songs and nuclear DNA. We find there is a shallow geographic cline in the Type I song but not in the Type II song. Nuclear DNA shows a gradient between the coast and inland. There is little correlation between variation in song and the isolation-by-distance pattern in the nuclear DNA. The learned songbird song is shaped by both genetic and cultural processes. There has been a debate on whether song learning promotes or slows down population differentiation. By comparing the within-species variation in song and genetic structures, we can expand our understanding of the dynamic interplay between mating signals and population differentiation.</p>
Relationship between Channel Island Melospiza melodia (Song Sparrow) bill size and vegetation, seed extraction time, bite force, and climate (2014-2016)
<p>Inferring the environmental selection pressures responsible for phenotypic variation is a challenge in adaptation studies as traits often have multiple functions and are shaped by complex selection regimes. We provide indirect evidence that morphology of the multifunctional avian bill is primarily shaped by climate and thermoregulatory ability in <em>Melospiza melodia</em> (Song Sparrows) on the California Channel Islands. Our research builds on a study in Song Sparrow museum specimens that demonstrated a positive correlation between bill surface area and maximum temperature, suggesting a greater demand for dry heat dissipation in hotter, xeric environments. We sampled contemporary sparrow populations across three climatically distinct islands to test the hypotheses that bill morphology is influenced by habitat differences with functional consequences for foraging efficiency and is related to maximum temperature and, consequently, important for thermoregulation. Measurements of >500 live individuals indicated a significant, positive relationship between maximum temperature and bill surface area when correcting for body size. In contrast, maximum bite force, seed extraction time, and vegetation on breeding territories (a proxy for food resources) were not significantly associated with bill dimensions. While we cannot exclude the influence of foraging ability and diet on bill morphology, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that variation in Song Sparrows' need for thermoregulatory capacity across the northern Channel Islands selects for divergence in bill surface area.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.