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opennotspecifiedDec 2011View details →

FIGURES 14–24. Proteocephalus synodontis Woodland, 1925. 14 in Tapeworms (Cestoda: Proteocephalidea) of Synodontis spp. (Siluriformes) in Africa: survey of species and their redescriptions

FIGURES 14–24. Proteocephalus synodontis Woodland, 1925. 14, Holotype (BMNH 1961.4.10.87–102), Khartoum, Sudan, scolex, dorsoventral view. 15, 17–20. Apical organs. 15. Holotype, Khartoum. 17. From Synodontis schall, Girba, Sudan; 18. Immature tapeworm from Synodontis schall, Lake Turkana, Kenya; 19. From Synodontis schall, Kostí, Sudan; 20. From Synodontis caudovittata, Kostí, Sudan. 21, 24. Immature proglottides from S. caudovittata, Kostí, Sudan. 22. Holotype, immature proglottis (note median extent of testes not reaching to uterine stem). 23. Holotype, cross section of gravid proglottis. Abbreviations: ao—apical organ; cs—cirrus-sac; do—dorsal osmoregulatory canals; dv—dorsoventral muscle fibres; gc—gland cells; lm—longitudinal internal musculature; ov—ovary; sd—sperm duct (vas deferens); te—testes; ud—uterine diverticulum; uouterine orifice; ut—uterus; vc—vaginal canal; vi—vitelline follicles; vo—ventral osmoregulatory canals. Scale bars = 100 μm (14, 16, 21–24); 50 µm (15, 17–20).

FIGURES 12–14 in New Lepidocyrtus Bourlet, 1839 from riverine woodland in Hungary (Collembola, Entomobryidae)

FIGURES 12–14. Lepidocyrtus isabelleae sp. nov.: 12, Abd. II complete chaetotaxy (left side), broad circles with triangle inside—broad ciliated macrochaetae, psp—pseudoporus; 13, Abd. III complete chaetotaxy (left side), broad circles with triangle inside—broad ciliated macrochaetae, small circles with triangle inside—thin ciliated macrochaetae, psppseudoporus; 14, Abd. III lateral part (left side) with the two trichobothria and the associated three macrochaetae.

FIGURES 2–6 in New Lepidocyrtus Bourlet, 1839 from riverine woodland in Hungary (Collembola, Entomobryidae)

FIGURES 2–6. Lepidocyrtus isabelleae sp. nov.: 2, Ant. III sensillar organ; 3, labrum and maxillary palp; 4, labial papilla E with lateral process; 5, labial triangle (left side) and ventral cephalic groove; 6, distribution pattern of dorsal macrochaetae (filled circles), trichobotria (lines) and pseudopora (double circles).

FIGURES 9–11 in New Lepidocyrtus Bourlet, 1839 from riverine woodland in Hungary (Collembola, Entomobryidae)

FIGURES 9–11. Lepidocyrtus isabelleae sp. nov.: 9, Th. II dorsal chaetotaxy (left side), circles—ciliated chaetae, psppseudoporus; 10, Th. III dorsal chaetotaxy (left side), psp—pseudoporus; 11, Abd. I dorsal chaetotaxy (left side), psppseudoporus.

FIGURES 7–8 in New Lepidocyrtus Bourlet, 1839 from riverine woodland in Hungary (Collembola, Entomobryidae)

FIGURES 7–8. Lepidocyrtus isabelleae sp. nov.: 7, dorsal head chaetotaxy, broad circles—long ciliated macrochaetae, small circles—short ciliated macrochaetae; 8, interocular chaetotaxy (right ocular area).

FIGURES 17–22 in New Lepidocyrtus Bourlet, 1839 from riverine woodland in Hungary (Collembola, Entomobryidae)

FIGURES 17–22. Lepidocyrtus isabelleae sp. nov.: 17, trochanteral organ; 18, leg III unguis and unguiculus; 19, ventral tube anterior view (right side) and posterior view (left side), circles—ciliated chaetae; 20, ventral tube lateral flap (left side); 21, mucro and apical part of dens; 22, manubrial plate, circles with triangle inside—ciliated macrochaetae, filled circlespseudopora.

FIGURES 15–16 in New Lepidocyrtus Bourlet, 1839 from riverine woodland in Hungary (Collembola, Entomobryidae)

FIGURES 15–16. Lepidocyrtus isabelleae sp. nov.: 15, Abd. IV chaetotaxy, broad black circles—broad ciliated macrochaetae, small black circles—thin ciliated macrochaetae, open circles—mesochaetae, triangles—fan-shaped chaetae, x—trichobotria, double circle—pseudoporus; 16, Abd. IV trichobotrial complex.

opennotspecifiedJan 2009View details →

Subspecies and Distribution. P. g. gymnocercus Fischer, 1814 — subtropical grasslands of NE Argentina, SE Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Pg. antiquus Ameghino, 1889 — Pampas grasslands, monte scrublands, and open woodlands of C Argentina. P. g. lordi Massoia, 1982 — Chaco-montane tropical forest ecotone in NW Argentina (Salta & Jujuy Provinces). The subspecific status of the Pampas Fox from Entre Rios Province in Argentina remains unclear, and there are no data regarding the taxonomic position of Bolivian foxes. in Canidae

Subspecies and Distribution. P. g. gymnocercus Fischer, 1814 — subtropical grasslands of NE Argentina, SE Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Pg. antiquus Ameghino, 1889 — Pampas grasslands, monte scrublands, and open woodlands of C Argentina. P. g. lordi Massoia, 1982 — Chaco-montane tropical forest ecotone in NW Argentina (Salta & Jujuy Provinces). The subspecific status of the Pampas Fox from Entre Rios Province in Argentina remains unclear, and there are no data regarding the taxonomic position of Bolivian foxes.

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Macronutrient niches and field limitation in a woodland assemblage of harvestmen

1. Description of animals' trophic niches help us understand interactions between species in biological communities that are not easily observed. Analyses of macronutrient niches, i.e. the range of macronutrient (protein:lipid:carbohydrate) ratios selected by generalist feeders, may be a useful alternative approach to inter-species comparisons of diets, especially within taxonomic assemblages of predators where species with similar nutritional requirements are likely to accept similar types of prey. 2. Here we analysed the macronutritional niches of a woodland assemblage of seven harvestman species, all supposed to be predators with omnivorous tendencies. Five species (Mitopus morio, Leiobunum gracile, Oligolophus tridens, O. hanseni, Paroligolophus agrestis) were native and two species (Opilio canestrinii, Dicranopalpus ramosus) were recent invaders into the community. 3. We compare the fundamental (FMN) and realized (RMN) macronutritional niche positions of the species using a 'double-test procedure', which provides information on whether the species were food limited in their natural habitat, and whether they were limited by specific macronutrients. 4. All seven species were food limited and six species were non-protein limited in the field; of these, four species were carbohydrate limited, and in one species females were lipid limited and males carbohydrate limited. These findings add to the notion that predators are mainly non-protein limited in the field. 5. The FMN positions of the assemblage fell within 46-50% protein, 29-38% lipid, and 16-22% carbohydrate. The amount of carbohydrate in the self-selected diet combined with carbohydrate limitation confirms that the species are zoophytophagous. Two morphological clusters of species (large long-legged vs. small short-legged species) differed not only in microhabitat (upper vs. lower forest strata) but also in macronutrient selection, where large long-legged species selected higher proportion of carbohydrate than small short-legged species. Thus, morphologically similar species occupy the same habitat stratum and have similar macronutritional niches. 6. We discuss the hypothesis that the invasive O. canestrinii might have an impact on native species as it allegedly had in urban environments previously. Two basic assumptions about interspecific resource competition were fulfilled, i.e. high overlap of nutritional requirements and limitation by food and macronutrients.

opencc-zeroDec 2021View details →

dryad32/100

Long-term monitoring in endangered woodlands shows effects of multi-scale drivers on bird occupancy

Occupancy predictor data, detection predictor data, and species detections from sites in remnant Box Gum Grassy Woodland patches in south-eastern Australia. Only sites, species, and predictors used in our statistical analysises included. For privacy, predictors have been standardised (mean = 0, standard deviation = 1) and latitude and longitude have been offset by random vectors.

opencc-zeroFeb 2022View details →

opennotspecifiedJan 2009View details →

Subspecies and Distribution. P. g. gymnocercus Fischer, 1814 — subtropical grasslands of NE Argentina, SE Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. P.g. antiquus Ameghino, 1889 — Pampas grasslands, monte scrublands, and open woodlands of C Argentina. P. g. lordi Massoia, 1982 — Chaco-montane tropical forest ecotone in NW Argentina (Salta & Jujuy Provinces). The subspecific status of the Pampas Fox from Entre Rios Province in Argentina remains unclear, and there are no data regarding the taxonomic position of Bolivian foxes. in Canidae

Subspecies and Distribution. P. g. gymnocercus Fischer, 1814 — subtropical grasslands of NE Argentina, SE Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. P.g. antiquus Ameghino, 1889 — Pampas grasslands, monte scrublands, and open woodlands of C Argentina. P. g. lordi Massoia, 1982 — Chaco-montane tropical forest ecotone in NW Argentina (Salta & Jujuy Provinces). The subspecific status of the Pampas Fox from Entre Rios Province in Argentina remains unclear, and there are no data regarding the taxonomic position of Bolivian foxes.

Fig. 8 in Distribution Of The Carabid Species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) In Woodlands Of The Protected And Urban Areas (North Of Ukraine)

Fig. 8. The ratios of forest carabid species according to their geographical ranges in the studied territories. Codes of geographical range given in table 2.

Fig. 7 in Distribution Of The Carabid Species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) In Woodlands Of The Protected And Urban Areas (North Of Ukraine)

Fig. 7. Average of activity density (± 95 %CI) of the five abundant forest species in the Polisky Nature Reserve and in the urban parks.

Fig. 4 in Distribution Of The Carabid Species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) In Woodlands Of The Protected And Urban Areas (North Of Ukraine)

Fig. 4. The ordination (non-metric multidimensional scaling using the Bray-Curtis index similarity and the square root transform method) of the total species compositions in the forests of the Polisky Nature Reserve and the urban parks during the study years. The stress of the two-dimensional configuration is 4 %. Site name abbreviations are the same as in fig. 3.

Fig. 3 in Distribution Of The Carabid Species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) In Woodlands Of The Protected And Urban Areas (North Of Ukraine)

Fig. 3. Cluster analysis of Bray-Curtis similarity measure and the group average linkage method of carabid assemblages in the studied areas. Site name abbreviations: R ― Polisky Nature Reserve, T ― Teremky and F ― Theofania urban parks; the numbers after the letter are indicate the study year.

Fig. 6 in Distribution Of The Carabid Species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) In Woodlands Of The Protected And Urban Areas (North Of Ukraine)

Fig. 6. Plot ordination of detrending correspondent analysis (66 % of the variance) of the forest species compositions in forests of the Nature Reserve and the urban parks during the study years. Symbols represent: plus — species which found only in parks, cross — species which found only in Reserve and column — shared species in both territories. Site name abbreviations are the same as in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 in Distribution Of The Carabid Species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) In Woodlands Of The Protected And Urban Areas (North Of Ukraine)

Fig. 5. Plots of the distribution of carabids species (A) and their density (B) according to dispersal ability (B — brachypterous, D — dimorphic, M — macropterous) in three habitat affinity groups in the Polisky Nature Reserve and in the urban parks.

Fig. 2 in Distribution Of The Carabid Species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) In Woodlands Of The Protected And Urban Areas (North Of Ukraine)

Fig. 2. Estimated species richness of carabid beetles collected in the investigated territories using rarefaction analysis (bars are 95 % CI).

Fig. 1 in Distribution Of The Carabid Species (Coleoptera, Carabidae) In Woodlands Of The Protected And Urban Areas (North Of Ukraine)

Fig. 1. Geographic location of the investigated areas is shown in arrows (indicating the position of the Polisky Nature Reserve (PNR) and the urban parks in Kyiv City, in the Ukraine). The study area is marked by the red flags.