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FIGURES 181–187 in Unexpected diversity of Lacon Laporte, 1838 (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Agrypninae) in the Levant: revised species concepts, new species, and an identification key

FIGURES 181–187. Morphology of Lacon graecus. 181, habitus, male from Turkey; 182, habitus, female from Greece; 183, paratype, male, aedeagus. Female from Greece: 184, abdominal tergite VIII; 185, abdominal sternite VIII; 186, ovipositor; 187, sclerites of bursa copulatrix. Scale bar = 2.0 mm (Figs 181, 182), 1.0 mm (Figs 185, 186) 0.5 mm (Figs 183, 184, 187).

FIGURES 152–158 in Unexpected diversity of Lacon Laporte, 1838 (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Agrypninae) in the Levant: revised species concepts, new species, and an identification key

FIGURES 152–158. Morphology of Lacon qatanensis sp. nov., holotype, male. 152, habitus, dorsal view; 153, habitus, lateral view; 154, antenna; 155, pronotum, dorsal view; 156, scutellar shield; 157, detail of elytral surface; 158, aedeagus. Scale bars = 2.0 mm (Figs 152, 153), 1.0 mm (Fig. 155), 0.5 mm (Figs 154, 158), 0.2 mm (Fig. 156); Fig. 157 not to scale.

FIGURES 36–51 in Unexpected diversity of Lacon Laporte, 1838 (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Agrypninae) in the Levant: revised species concepts, new species, and an identification key

FIGURES 36–51. Morphology of Lacon candezei. Habitus: 36–37, lectotype, male, dorsal and lateral view, respectively; 38, male from Jordan, dorsal view; 39, female from Jordan, dorsal view. Pronotum, dorsal view: 40, lectotype, male; 41, male from Jordan; 42, female from Jordan. 43, lectotype, male, detail of elytral surface. Male genitalia: 44, lectotype; 45, specimen from Jordan; 46, specimen from Israel. Female pregenital segments and genitalia of specimen from Jordan: 47, tergite VIII; 48, sternite VIII; 49, ovipositor; 50, sclerites of bursa copulatrix. 51, female from Israel, sclerites of bursa copulatrix. Scale bars = 2.0 mm (Figs 36–39), 1.0 mm (Figs 40–42, 48–49), 1.5 mm (Figs 44–47), 0.2 mm (Figs 50–51); Fig. 43 not to scale.

FIGURES 80–87 in Unexpected diversity of Lacon Laporte, 1838 (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Agrypninae) in the Levant: revised species concepts, new species, and an identification key

FIGURES 80–87. Habitus of Lacon lithophilus. 80–81, syntype, male, dorsal and lateral view, respectively; 82–83, male from Egypt, dorsal and lateral view, respectively; 84–85, holotype of L. freidbergi, male, dorsal and lateral view, respectively; 86, female from Egypt, dorsal view; 87, female paratype of L. freidbergi, dorsal view. Scale bars = 2.0 mm.

FIGURE 9. Ovipositor sheaths. a—F in Review of the world Monoctonina Mackauer 1961 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae): key for their identification and descriptions of five new species

FIGURE 9. Ovipositor sheaths. a—F. pseudoplatani; b—H. angustivalva; c—M. caricis; d—M. crepidis; e—M. ligustri; f—M. mali; g—M. nervosus; h—M. paulensis.

FIGURE 8. Fore wing, females. a—F in Review of the world Monoctonina Mackauer 1961 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae): key for their identification and descriptions of five new species

FIGURE 8. Fore wing, females. a—F. pseudoplatani; b—H. angustivalva; c—M. caricis; d—M. crepidis; e—M. ligustri; f—M. mali; g—M. nervosus; h—M. paulensis.

FIGURE 7. Propodeum, females. a—F in Review of the world Monoctonina Mackauer 1961 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae): key for their identification and descriptions of five new species

FIGURE 7. Propodeum, females. a—F. pseudoplatani; b—H. angustivalva; c—M. caricis; d—M. crepidis; e—M. ligustri; f—M. mali; g—M. nervosus; h—M. paulensis.

FIGURE 6 in Review of the world Monoctonina Mackauer 1961 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae): key for their identification and descriptions of five new species

FIGURE 6. Monoctonus parvipalpus sp.n., female. a—head; b—antenna; c—F1 and F2; d—mesoscutum; e—propodeum; f—petiole; g—ovipositor; h—fore wing.

FIGURE 5 in Review of the world Monoctonina Mackauer 1961 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae): key for their identification and descriptions of five new species

FIGURE 5. Monoctonus luteus sp.n., female. a—head; b—antenna; c—F1 and F2; d—mesoscutum; e—propodeum; f—petiole; g—ovipositor; h—fore wing.

FIGURE 4 in Review of the world Monoctonina Mackauer 1961 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae): key for their identification and descriptions of five new species

FIGURE 4. Monoctonus inexpectatus sp.n., female. a—head; b—antenna; c—F1 and F2; d—mesoscutum; e—propodeum; f—petiole; g—ovipositor; h—fore wing.

FIGURE 2 in Review of the world Monoctonina Mackauer 1961 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae): key for their identification and descriptions of five new species

FIGURE 2. Monoctonus brachyradius sp.n., female. a—head; b—antenna; c—F1 and F2; d—mesoscutum; e—propodeum; f—petiole; g—ovipositor; h—fore wing.

FIGURE 3 in Review of the world Monoctonina Mackauer 1961 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae): key for their identification and descriptions of five new species

FIGURE 3. Monoctonus canadensis sp.n., female. a—head; b—antenna; c—F1 and F2; d—mesoscutum; e—propodeum; f—petiole; g—ovipositor; h—fore wing.

FIGURE 1 in Review of the world Monoctonina Mackauer 1961 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae): key for their identification and descriptions of five new species

FIGURE 1. Characters used in morphological analysis. a—head width; b—longitudinal eye diameter; c—malar space; d—intertentorial line; e—tentoriocular line; f—F1 length; g—F1 width; h—F2 length; i—F2 width; j—width of mesoscutum; k—oblique carina; l—postmedian carina; m—petiole length; n—petiole width; o—ovipositor sheath length; p - ovipositor sheath width; q—pterostigma length; r—radial vein; s—pterostigma width; t—R1 length; u—wing length; v—wing width.

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Image data used for publication "Species-level image classification with convolutional neural network enable insect identification from habitus images "

Image-crops of specimens from insect drawers In 2017 we scanned 208 insect drawers containing the collection of british carabids from the Natural History Museum London and extracted crops from the scanned images. This database contain 63.364 specimens that we used to train, validate and test a convolutional neural network. Each folder is named as the gbif id number. E.g. Carabus problematicus is 4470555: https://www.gbif.org/species/4470555

Fig. 20 in The Macrobiotus persimilis-polonicus complex (Eutardigrada, Macrobiotidae), another example of problematic species identification, with the description of four new species

Fig. 20 Macrobiotus muralis sp. nov. (Osimo, Italy). a Egg processes in profile (PhC); b distal discs on the egg processes (arrowheads) (PhC); c, d Egg laid by a female sequenced for 18S rDNA (C2861 UFG, see Fig. 10) (DIC)

Fig. 14 in The Macrobiotus persimilis-polonicus complex (Eutardigrada, Macrobiotidae), another example of problematic species identification, with the description of four new species

Fig. 14 Macrobiotus siderophilus sp. nov. (Novellara, Italy). a Habitus; b dorso-lateral buccal armature; c ventro-lateral buccal armature; d buccal-pharyngeal apparatus with microplacoid in focus: e the same apparatus as in d at another level of focus; note the deep narrowing of the first macroplacoid (arrowhead); f claws on the third pair of legs; g claws on the hind legs with large and indented lunules. a–g Holotype (PhC)

Fig. 15 in The Macrobiotus persimilis-polonicus complex (Eutardigrada, Macrobiotidae), another example of problematic species identification, with the description of four new species

Fig. 15 Macrobiotus siderophilus sp. nov. (Novellara, Italy). a, b Egg laid by the holotype (PhC; a sister egg was sequenced, see Table 5, voucher specimen C3282 UFL); a shape of the processes (with indented distal disc) and smooth egg shell; b processes in profile; c, d egg processes and egg surface by SEM

Fig. 18 in The Macrobiotus persimilis-polonicus complex (Eutardigrada, Macrobiotidae), another example of problematic species identification, with the description of four new species

Fig. 18 Macrobiotus fontourai sp. nov. (Nardò A) (a–f) and Macrobiotus cf. muralis (Nardò B) (g–i). a Cuticular pores (orcein, PhC); b buccal-pharyngeal apparatus with middle constriction in the first macroplacoid (orcein, PhC); c gibbosities (arrowheads) on the hind legs of a male (fresh, DIC). d Distal discs on the egg processes (PhC); e process bases and egg surface (PhC); f egg processes and egg surface (SEM); g distal discs on the egg processes (PhC); h egg processes in profile (PhC); i processes and egg surface (SEM). Egg in g–i from the female A (its sister egg sequenced, see in Fig. 10 and Table 5)

Fig. 13 in The Macrobiotus persimilis-polonicus complex (Eutardigrada, Macrobiotidae), another example of problematic species identification, with the description of four new species

Fig. 13 Macrobiotus dolosus sp. nov. (near Poznań, Poland). a Pores on the cuticle (arrowheads) and short teeth on the lunules (arrow) of the hind legs (in vivo, PhC); b gibbosities (arrows) on the hind legs of a male (in vivo, PhC); c spermatozoa (arrows) within the testis (in vivo, PhC); d egg processes in profile (PhC); e distal discs of the processes (PhC)

Fig. 5 in The Macrobiotus persimilis-polonicus complex (Eutardigrada, Macrobiotidae), another example of problematic species identification, with the description of four new species

Fig. 5 Macrobiotus siderophilus sp. nov. (Novellara, Italy). a Male with a gibbosity on a hind leg (arrow) and abundant pores on the cuticle (orcein, PhC); b female with abundant pores on the cuticle, the same specimen as Fig. 4d (orcein, PhC); c male with scarce pores on the cuticle (orcein, PhC); d female with scarce pores on the cuticle (orcein, PhC)