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901 results for “Amazon Basin”
Central Amazon Basin water masks
<p>Water masks generated using a fixed threshold approach and Sentinel-1 images. <br><br>More information could be obtained in the paper. </p>
Enviromental DNA datasets of the Colombian Amazon and Orinoco basins
<p><span>The massive loss of biodiversity in recent years has driven the development of rapid, cost-effective, non-invasive, and efficient sampling alternatives, such as environmental DNA. With this method, a water sample can be used to evaluate a community's diversity, in addition with low abundance, cryptic and threatened species detection. Therefore, in this study, environmental DNA was used to determine the diversity of aquatic, semi-aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates in the Colombian Amazon and Orinoco basins, which included four main subregions: Bojonawi Natural Reserve and adjacent areas (Vichada Department), Sierra de la Macarena National Park and Tillavá (Meta Department), Puerto Nariño and adjacent areas (Amazonas Department) and the Municipality of Solano (Caquetá Department). A total of 709 OTUs were identified for all locations. The Orinoco river showed the highest number of fish genera (68) and the Guayabero river, the largest number of genera for tetrapods (13). New taxonomic records were found on all locations, mianly in Bita, Orinoco and Tillavá rivers, which portrayed the highest record of unknown fish diversity compared with traditional surveys. Likewise, two vulnerable fish species and three vulnerable mammal species were identified, as well as four threatened mammal species, including the giant otter (<em>Pteronura brasiliensis</em>), the giant anteater (<em>Myrmecophaga tridactyla</em>), the two subspecies of the Amazon river dolphin (<em>Inia geoffrensis geoffrensis</em> and <em>Inia geoffrensis humboldtiana</em>) and the tucuxi (<em>Sotalia fluviatilis</em>). It is essential to improve current DNA sequence databases for the neotropics and standardize the methodology according to the animal of interest in order to develop future studies that maximize environmental DNA analyses efficiency.</span></p>
A large-scale assessment of ant diversity across the Brazilian Amazon Basin: integrating geographic, ecological, and morphological drivers of sampling bias
<p>Tropical ecosystems are often biodiversity hotspots, and invertebrates represent the main underrepresented component of diversity in large-scale analyses. This problem is partly related to the scarcity of data widely available to conduct these studies and the lack of systematic organization of knowledge about invertebrates' distributions in biodiversity hotspots. Here, we introduce and analyze a comprehensive data compilation of Amazonian ant diversity. Using records from 1817 to 2020 from both published and unpublished sources, we describe the diversity and distribution of ant species in the Brazilian Amazon Basin. Further, using high-definition images and data from taxonomic publications, we build a comprehensive database of morphological traits for the ant species that occur in the region. In total, we recorded 1,067 nominal species in the Brazilian Amazon Basin, with sampling locations strongly biased by access routes, urban centers, research institutions, and major infrastructure projects. Large areas where ant sampling is non-existent represent about 52% of the basin and are concentrated mainly in the North, Southeastern, and Western Brazilian Amazon. We found that distance to roads is the main driver of ant sampling in the Amazon. Contrary to our expectations, morphological traits had lower predictive power in predicting sample bias than purely geographic variables. However, when geographic predictors were controlled, habitat stratum and traits contribute to explain the remaining variance. More species were recorded in better-sampled areas, but species richness estimation models suggest that areas in South Amazonian edge forests are associated with especially high species richness. Our results represent the first trait-based, large-scale study for insects in Amazonian forests and a starting point for macroecological studies focusing on insect diversity in the Amazon Basin.</p>
Dataset: Local hydrological conditions influence tree diversity and composition across the Amazon basin
<p>Tree diversity and composition in Amazonia are known to be strongly determined by the water supplied by precipitation. Nevertheless, within the same climatic regime, water availability is modulated by local topography and soil characteristics (hereafter referred to as local hydrological conditions), varying from saturated and poorly drained to well-drained and potentially dry areas. While these conditions may be expected to influence species distribution, the impacts of local hydrological conditions on tree diversity and composition remain poorly understood at the whole Amazon basin scale. Using a dataset of 443 1-ha non-flooded forest plots distributed across the basin, we investigate how local hydrological conditions influence 1) tree alpha diversity, 2) the community-weighted wood density mean (CWM-wd) – a proxy for hydraulic resistance, and 3) tree species composition. We find that the effect of local hydrological conditions on tree diversity depends on climate, being more evident in wetter forests, where diversity increases towards locations with well-drained soils. CWM-wd increased toward better-drained soils in Southern and Western Amazonia. Tree species composition changed along local soil hydrological gradients in Central-Eastern, Western and Southern Amazonia, and those changes were correlated with changes in the mean wood density of plots. Our results suggest that local hydrological gradients filter species, influencing the diversity and composition of Amazonian forests. Overall, this study shows that the effect of local hydrological conditions is pervasive, extending overwide Amazonian regions, and reinforces the importance of accounting for local topography and hydrology to better understand the likely response and resilience of forests to increased frequency of extreme climate events and rising temperatures.</p>
Figure 4 in New records and a voucher collection of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera) inhabiting agroforestry systems in the colombian amazon basin
Figure 4. Habitus of Chalcidoidea collected in agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) and copoazu (T. grandiflorum). (A) Haltichella hydara (Walker, 1842) [UNAB 1190], (B) Stypiura sp. [UNAB 1356], (C) Aenasius sp. (Encyrtidae) [UNAB 663], (D) Coelopencyrtus sp. [UNAB 2538], (E) Horismenus striatus Hansson, 2009 (Eulophidae) [UNAB 1196], (F) Brasema sp. (Eupelmidae) [UNAB 1358], (G) Anastatus sp. (Eupelmidae) [UNAB 1192], (H) Neorileya flavipes Ashmead, 1904 (Eurytomidae) [UNAB 1432], (I) Perilampus sp. (Perilampidae) [UNAB 1361], (J) Erotolepsia sp. (Pteromalidae) [UNAB 661], (K) Bubekia tricarinata (Ashmead, 1888) (Pteromalidae) [UNAB 3464], (L) Lelaps affinis Ashmead, 1904 (Pteromalidae) [UNAB 658].
Figure 3 in New records and a voucher collection of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera) inhabiting agroforestry systems in the colombian amazon basin
Figure 3. Habitus of parasitoid wasps collected in agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) and copoazu (T. grandiflorum). (A) Aclista sp. (Diapriidae) [UNAB 3747], (B) Basalys sp. (Diapriidae) [UNAB 1198], (C) Paramesius sp. (Diapriidae) [UNAB 1194], (D) Trichoplasta sp. (Figitidae) [UNAB 1423], (E) Aganaspis sp. (Figitidae) [UNAB 1464], (F) Tropideucoila sp. (Figitidae) [UNAB 1422].
Figure 2 in New records and a voucher collection of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera) inhabiting agroforestry systems in the colombian amazon basin
Figure 2. Bar charts of parasitoid wasp families and genera of collected individuals inhabiting agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) and copoazu (T. grandiflorum) from the Colombian Amazon basin. (A) number of individuals per family, (B) number of genera and species per family.
Figure 5 in New records and a voucher collection of parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera) inhabiting agroforestry systems in the colombian amazon basin
Figure 5. Habitus of Platygastroidea (Scelionidae) collected in agroforestry systems of cacao (Theobroma cacao) and copoazu (T. grandiflorum). (A) Apegus sp. [UNAB 1445], (B) Calliscelio sp. [UNAB 1439], (C) Gryon sp. [UNAB 1442], (D) Scelio sp. [UNAB 1438], (E) Xenomerus sp. [UNAB 1443], (F) Thoron sp. [UNAB 3765].
River migration and forest loss in the Amazon basin
<p>The repository contains supporting spatial data for the manuscript (under review). The Methods section detail how the data was processed and filtered.</p> <p>Content:</p> <p>1. <em>AmazonMigrationRates.zip</em> - River migration rates of 23,000 Amazon reaches, 1985-2020. This point layer includes the migration rates for each year (where the centerlines of subsequent years were valid in a reach), the long-term average migration rates for the entire period, the number and percentage of mapped years, and the SWORD<sup>1</sup> node ID and HydroSHEDS<sup> 2</sup> PFAF_ID.</p> <p><em>2. </em><em>AmazonCenterlines.zip - </em>Amazonian river centerlines, 1984-2020. These are raster tiles of the centerlines, color-coded as in the manuscript figures.</p> <p>3. <em>AmazonRiverDeforestation.zip </em>- raster tiles of 2000 forest areas removed by river migration or flooding during 2001-2020.</p> <p> </p> <p>References</p> <p>1. Altenau, E. H. <em>et al.</em> The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Mission River Database (SWORD): A Global River Network for Satellite Data Products. <em>Water Resour Res</em> <strong>57</strong>, (2021).</p> <p>2. Lehner, B. & Grill, G. Global river hydrography and network routing: Baseline data and new approaches to study the world’s large river systems. <em>Hydrol Process</em> <strong>27</strong>, 2171–2186 (2013).</p>
Common ant species dominate morphospace: unraveling the morphological diversity in the Brazilian Amazon Basin
<p>Rare plant and vertebrate species have been documented to contribute disproportionately to the total morphological structure of species assemblages. These species often possess morphologically extreme traits and occupy the boundaries of morphological space. As rare species are at greater risk of extinction than more widely distributed species, human-induced disturbances can strongly affect ecosystem functions related to assemblage morphology. Here, we assess to what extent the distributions of ant morphological traits are supported by morphologically extreme species and how they are distributed among habitats in a global biodiversity hotspot, the Brazilian Amazon. We used a morphological database comprising 15 continuous morphological traits and 977 expert-validated ant species distributed across the Brazilian Amazon. We produced species range estimates using species distribution models or alpha hulls (when few records were available). Next, we conducted a principal components analysis to combine traits into a space with reduced dimensionality (morphospace). Then, we identified morphologically extreme species in this space and quantified their contributions to morphological diversity across different habitat types in the Brazilian Amazon Basin. We identified 114 morphologically extreme ant species across the Amazon ant morphospace. These species also accounted for a large percentage of morphospace filling, exceeding 99% representation in the most disturbed habitats in the Amazon. Our results suggest that a few morphologically extreme species capture most of the variation in ant morphology and therefore, the spectrum of ecosystem functions performed by ants in the Brazilian Amazon Basin. Further, unlike for many other groups, these extreme morphologies were represented by the set of most common species. These results suggest greater functional redundancy and resilience in Brazilian Amazon ants, but more broadly, they contribute to our understanding of ecological processes that sustain ecosystem functions.</p>
Data from: The Amazon Basin's rivers and lakes support Nearctic-breeding shorebirds during southward migration
<p>Shorebird movement data used in habitat analyses for "The Amazon Basin's rivers and lakes support Nearctic-breeding shorebirds during southward migration." Data were collected between 2016-2022 using Argos Platform Terminal Transmitters or Pinpoint GPS Argos transmitters affixed to six shorebird species: American Golden-Plovers (<em>Pluvialis dominica</em>), Hudsonian Godwits (<em>Limosa haemastica</em>), Lesser Yellowlegs (<em>Tringa flavipes</em>), and Buff-breasted (<em>Calidris subruficollis</em>), Pectoral (<em>C. melanotos</em>), and Upland Sandpipers (<em>Bartramia longicauda</em>). The devices were deployed by various research groups at sites outside the Amazon Basin. Data has been subset to the Amazon Basin and the approximate timeframe of southward migration (July-December) and filtered to relevant individuals. </p> <p>The CSV file contains the following variables:</p> <ul> <li> <p>'individual local identifier': a unique alphanumeric identifier for the individual</p> </li> <li> <p>'timestamp': date-time of the location, in YYYY-mm-dd HH:mm:ss format</p> </li> <li> <p>'location.long': longitude</p> </li> <li> <p>'location.lat': latitude</p> </li> <li> <p>'species': shorebird species alpha code</p> </li> <li> <p>'lc': location quality class for Argos PTT (3, 2, 1, 0, A, B, Z) or GPS (G) locations</p> </li> <li> <p>'argos.semi.major': the length of the semi-major axis of the error ellipse for Argos locations, in meters</p> </li> <li> <p>'argos.semi.minor': the length of the semi-minor axis of the error ellipse for Argos locations, in meters</p> </li> <li> <p>'argos.error.radius': one standard deviation (sigma) of the isotropic location error for Argos locations</p> </li> <li> <p>'argos.orientation': the orientation of the semi-major axis of the error ellipse for Argos locations, in degrees clockwise from north</p> </li> <li> <p>'gps.fix.type.raw': the type of GPS fix (2D, 3D)</p> </li> </ul> <p>Links to full studies are provided in 'Related Works.' Please consult links for attribution and data use information.</p>
FIGURE 4 in Description of a new species of Cyphocharax from the rio Juma, rio Aripuanã basin, southern Amazon basin (Teleostei: Curimatidae)
FIGURE 4 | Rio Juma, affluent of rio Aripuanã, Apuí, Amazonas, Brazil. Photography: Tiago C. Faria.
C-isotopic signatures and soil properties of Amazon basin oxisols
<p>This dataset presents C isotopic data from two sites (Apuí and Manacapuru) located in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. Soils were sampled at three time periods, under weak raining (March-2016), extreme dry (August-2016), and strong wet (March-2017) conditions. The dataset first presents general information about the site (on the tab "site"), followed by more detailed information (on the tab "profile") about both sampling locations. The coordinates, altitude, mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, soil order in USDA taxonomy and their respective land use categories and vegetation classifications are described. </p> <p>On the 'layer' tab, information about the soil depth, percent sand, silt and clay, pH CaCl2 and H2O, Organic and Total Carbon, total nitrogen and carbon/nitrogen ratio are described. The bulk C-isotopic signature is also listed on this tab as the Bulk Layer Δ14C and its standard deviation, Bulk Layer Fraction Modern and its standard deviation. </p> <p>The "Incubation" tab describes details of the soil incubations conducted at Apuí and Manacapuru. Information about the material and length of incubation, as well as the CO2 fluxes over the duration of incubation are reported. The respired C-isotopic signature during the incubation is also given on this tab as the incubation Δ14C and its standard deviation, incubation Fraction Modern and its standard deviation. </p>
Fig. 4 in A taxonomic review of the species of Charax Scopoli, 1777 (Teleostei: Characidae: Characinae) with description of a new species from the rio Negro bearing superficial neuromasts on body scales, Amazon basin, Brazil
Fig. 4. Orbital diameter as a function of head length for species of Charax.
Fig. 2 in Description of a new species of Tetranematichthys (Siluriformes: Auchenipteridae) from the lower Amazon basin, Brazil
Fig. 2. Tetranematichthys barthemi, paratype, female, MPEG 14565, 175.7 mm SL. Lateral view.
Fig. 2 in Ageneiosus uranophthalmus, a new species of auchenipterid catfish (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes) from river channels of the central Amazon basin, Brazil
Fig. 2. Ageneiosus uranophthalmus, paratype, INPA 22723, 192.5 mm SL. Ventral view of the head.
Fig. 3 in Ageneiosus uranophthalmus, a new species of auchenipterid catfish (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes) from river channels of the central Amazon basin, Brazil
Fig. 3. Ageneiosus uranophthalmus, paratype, INPA 22723, 192.5 mm SL, nuptial male in lateral view.
Data from: Subspecies-level distribution maps for birds of the amazon basin and adjacent areas
<p>Available distribution datasets used to assess the range extantion of biological species are often at a species-level taxonomy. Because different taxonomy biases, many bird subspecies from the Neotropical region may deserve full species status. We provide range polygons for 3,990 subspecies of birds, representing 2,043 species from 65 families. All taxa are from the Amazon region, which includes the entire Amazon basin, the east slope of tropical Andes, French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, south Venezuela (Bolivar and Amazonas departments), parts of the Brazilian Cerrado, and the Araguaia-Tocantins basin. These new maps of Amazonian bird subspecies distributions will improve and refine analyses on biodiversity studies (e.g. macroecology, evolution, conservation), and facilitate biogeographic, ecological, evolutionary, and conservation research on birds in the most biologically diverse region in the world.</p>
Enviromental DNA datasets of the Colombian Amazon and Orinoco basins
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Subspecies-level distribution maps for birds of the amazon basin and adjacent areas
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.