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276 results for “Chaetonotidae”
Figure 30 in A Heterolepidoderma and Halichaetoderma gen. nov. (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) riddle: integrative taxonomy and phylogeny of six new freshwater species from Central Europe
Figure 30. Halichaetoderma hexagonale sp. nov. A, head dorsal scales are narrowly oblong with a posterior truncated end. B, C, head dorsolateral, neck and upper-trunk dorsal scales are oblong to narrowly oblong. D, trunk dorsal scales are hexagonal with more or less rounded edges. E, F, trunk dorsal posterior central scale and furca lateral scales are oblong. G, interciliary field scales are narrowly oblong and keeled. H, trunk dorsolateral posterior scales are oblong with a truncated posterior end. I, furca base dorsal scale is very broadly cordiform.
Figure 5 in A Heterolepidoderma and Halichaetoderma gen. nov. (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) riddle: integrative taxonomy and phylogeny of six new freshwater species from Central Europe
Figure 5. Phylogenetic tree of chaetonotids based on 18S, 28S, and COI sequences. Only the highlighted part of the inset phylogram is shown. The lower half of the phylogram is presented in Figure 6. Bootstrap values for maximum likelihood conducted in IQ-TREE and posterior probabilities for Bayesian inference conducted in MrBayes were mapped onto the best scoring maximum likelihood tree. Fully statistically supported nodes are marked with black solid circles. Sequences in bold were obtained during this study. The scale bar denotes four substitutions per one hundred nucleotide positions.
Figure 4 in A Heterolepidoderma and Halichaetoderma gen. nov. (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) riddle: integrative taxonomy and phylogeny of six new freshwater species from Central Europe
Figure 4. Secondary structure of the 5.8S rRNA molecule and a part of the 28S rRNA molecule (covering the entire domain I and partially domains 0 and II) of Halichaetoderma fluviatile sp. nov. Thick arrows mark species-specific diagnostic molecular characters, while thin arrows denote diagnostic characters of the genus Halichaetoderma. The helix number system follows Petrov et al. (2014). The reference secondary structure map of the 5.8S and 28S rRNA molecules of Tetrahymena thermophila Nanney and McCoy, 1976 (inset) is from http://apollo. chemistry.gatech.edu/RibosomeGallery (Petrov et al. 2014).
Figure 3. ITS2 in A Heterolepidoderma and Halichaetoderma gen. nov. (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) riddle: integrative taxonomy and phylogeny of six new freshwater species from Central Europe
Figure 3. ITS2 molecule of the genera Heterolepidoderma and Halichaetoderma gen. nov. A, putative consensus secondary structure. The central loop radiates four helices. However, helix I could not be incorporated into the consensus 2D structure due to its very high variability in length and nucleotide composition (see Figure 2). By contrast, helix II was the most conservative having 9–11 pairs and invariably seven nucleotides in its terminal loop. Helix III was distinctly longer than helix II (32–55 nt vs. 25–31 nt). Although being more variable than helix II, helix III consistently displayed a motif 5'-UUGGG vs. YYYAA-3' at its base. Helix IV was the longest, had 52–112 ribonucleotides, and usually ran along helix II according to the 3D modelling. For localization of helix 10, which is made by the interaction of the 3ʹ-end of 5.8S and the 5ʹ-end of 28S, see Figure 4. B, two different views on the tertiary structure, showing that helices II and IV run in parallel. C, structure logos of helices II‒IV. The height of a base is proportional to its frequency in the multiple sequence alignment.
Figure 22 in A Heterolepidoderma and Halichaetoderma gen. nov. (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) riddle: integrative taxonomy and phylogeny of six new freshwater species from Central Europe
Figure 22. Halichaetoderma fluviatile sp. nov. A, B, details of the anterior body region, showing the pharynx reinforcements and ventral ciliary bands. Note that basal bodies are very narrowly spaced in the whole anterior region and central patch as well as in the beginning (U8–U15) of the main portion of the ciliary bands. Locomotory cilia then become regularly arranged in more or less equidistantly spaced horizontal rows in the rest of the ciliary bands. C, F, dorsal view showing the head and trunk scale patterns. D, optical section of the trunk showing the internal morphology. E, ventral view of the posterior body region. Arrowheads mark the narrowly oblong scales with a truncated posterior end. ceph, cephalion; crp, central rectangular patch; das, differentiated anterior section of intestine; ov, ovum; phr, pharynx reinforcements; pij, pharyngeal‒intestinal junction; vcb, ventral ciliary bands. Scale bars = 5 µm (F), 10 µm (C, D, E), 15 µm (A, B).
Figure 28 in A Heterolepidoderma and Halichaetoderma gen. nov. (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) riddle: integrative taxonomy and phylogeny of six new freshwater species from Central Europe
Figure 28. Halichaetoderma aureum sp. nov. A, optical section showing the internal morphology. The pharynx extends from c. U3 to U28, is 33 μm long and 6.5–11.6 μm wide, and smoothly continues through the pharyngeal-intestinal junction to the differentiated anterior section (U29–U32) of the intestine, which extends from U33 to U87. Note the golden appearance of the intestine content caused by ingested algae. B, surface view showing the head narrowly oblong scales. C, optical section of the head, showing the pharynx and the cephalion with a free posterior edge. The pharynx has two dilatations, the posterior dilatation is wider than the anterior one. D, interciliary field scales are narrowly oblong and keeled. Note that the interciliary field scales are regularly arranged, forming up to six longitudinal rows. E, dorsal trunk scales are oblong with a truncated posterior end. ceph, cephalion; int, intestine; m, mouth; ph, pharynx; sc, sensoric cilia. Scale bars = 5 µm (D), 10 µm (B, E), 20 µm (A, C).
Figure 27 in A Heterolepidoderma and Halichaetoderma gen. nov. (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) riddle: integrative taxonomy and phylogeny of six new freshwater species from Central Europe
Figure 27. Halichaetoderma aureum sp. nov. A, head dorsal scales are narrowly oblong. B, C, trunk dorsal and lateral scales are broadly tongueshaped with a truncated posterior end. D, trunk dorsolateral scales are roughly hexagonal with rounded edges. E, interciliary field scales are narrowly oblong. F, upper-furcal dorsal scales are oblong with a bluntly acute anterior end and a truncated posterior end. G, upper-furcal ventral scales are relatively big, claviform, and posteriorly truncated. H, internal morphology. ceph, cephalion; das, differentiated anterior section of intestine; int, intestine; m, mouth; ph, pharynx.
Figure 1 in A Heterolepidoderma and Halichaetoderma gen. nov. (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) riddle: integrative taxonomy and phylogeny of six new freshwater species from Central Europe
Figure 1. Secondary structure of the 18S rRNA molecule of Halichaetoderma fluviatile sp. nov. Thick arrows mark species-specific diagnostic molecular characters, while thin arrows denote diagnostic characters of the genus Halichaetoderma. Thus, there are five genus-specific molecular characters (thin arrows) localized in the double-stranded regions of helix 21es6c from the variable V4 region, helix 33 from the V6 region, and helix 41 from the V8 region. On the other hand, there are as many as 31 species-specific nucleotide characters (thick arrows) scattered over the whole 18S molecule both in the single- and double-stranded regions. Note the long-range tertiary contacts between the V2 and V4 regions (highlighted in grey). The helix number system follows Lee and Gutell (2012) and Petrov et al. (2014). The reference 18S secondary structure map of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Meyen ex E.C.Hansen (inset) is from http://apollo.chemistry.gatech.edu/ RibosomeGallery (Petrov et al. 2014).
Figure 2 in A Heterolepidoderma and Halichaetoderma gen. nov. (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) riddle: integrative taxonomy and phylogeny of six new freshwater species from Central Europe
Figure 2. Putative secondary structure of the ITS2 molecule of He. kolickae sp. nov. (A), He. striatum sp. nov. (B), He. macrops (C), Ha. fluviatile sp. nov. (D), and Ha. rivale sp. nov. (E). Helices are marked by Roman numbers I–IV. For localization of helix 10, which is made by the interaction of the 3ʹ-end of 5.8S and the 5ʹ-end of 28S, see Figure 4.
Fig. 1 in The phylogenetic position of Neogosseidae (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida) and the origin of planktonic Gastrotricha
Fig. 1 Species of Neogosseidae included in this study. a Kijanebalola devestiva, habitus of adult specimen. Note the rounded posterior end with single median group of spines. b Neogossea acanthocolla, habitus of adult specimen. Note the truncate posterior end with a pair of tufts. c Neogossea antennigera, anterior two thirds of body of adult specimen. d N. antennigera, posterior end of body of adult specimen. Note the truncate posterior end with a pair of tufts. Scale bars: a and b, 50 μm; c and d, 25 μm
FIGURE 4. Dasydytes lamellatus differential interference contrast photomicrographs. A–B, D in New data on Brazilian semiplanktonic gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida)
FIGURE 4. Dasydytes lamellatus differential interference contrast photomicrographs. A–B, D: Ventral View, C: egg, E: Dorsal view. at: anterior cilia tuft; ca–b: cephalic long spines; db: dorsal cilia band; ta–tb: trunk spines; pt: posterior cilia tuft; r: rear spine; vt1–3: ventral cilia tufts.
FIGURE 9 in New data on Brazilian semiplanktonic gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida)
FIGURE 9. Phylogenetic relationships of Chaetonotida inferred from the maximum likelihood analysis of the concatenated data set, bootstrap support value threshold above 70. Yellow and Green: "Dasydytidae", Cyan: Neogosseide, Orange: "Chaetonotidae".
FIGURE 1. Dasydytes lamellatus differential interference contrast photomicrographs. A in New data on Brazilian semiplanktonic gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida)
FIGURE 1. Dasydytes lamellatus differential interference contrast photomicrographs. A: Dorsal view, B: Ventral view, spined scales at posterior protuberance, C: Ventral motile spines with two lamella-like denticles, D: Ventral spine groups inserted at the head and trunk, E: Lateral view, F: egg. at: anterior tuft; ca–cb: cephalic long spines; db: cephalic dorsal cilia band; de: denticle; lt: lateral tuft; ss: short spines; ta–tb: trunk spines; r: rear spine.
FIGURE 7. Neogossea acanthocolla differential interference contrast photomicrographs. A–B in New data on Brazilian semiplanktonic gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida)
FIGURE 7. Neogossea acanthocolla differential interference contrast photomicrographs. A–B: dorsal view, C–E: Lateral view, F–G: Dorsal view. ac: anterior constriction; at: anterior cilia tuft; br: neck brush spines; cs: cephalic short spines; db: dorsal cilia band; mv: median ciliary tuft; pb: posterior bulb; ts: trunk scales.
FIGURE 3. Dasydytes lamellatus scanning electron microscope photomicrographs. A in New data on Brazilian semiplanktonic gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida)
FIGURE 3. Dasydytes lamellatus scanning electron microscope photomicrographs. A: Ventral view, B, C: Ventral view, ventral short spine group. D: Dorsal view, mouth tentacles, E: Spine lamella-like denticle. db: dorsal cilia band; de: denticle mo: mouth; hy: hypostomion; ss: short spines; vps: ventral posterior scales; vt1–3: ventral cilia tufts.
FIGURE 2. Dasydytes lamellatus differential interference contrast photomicrographs. A in New data on Brazilian semiplanktonic gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida)
FIGURE 2. Dasydytes lamellatus differential interference contrast photomicrographs. A: Dorsal view, B: Ventral view, ciliature tufts, C: lateral ciliature tuft, D: E: Cephalic ciliature. at: anterior cilia tuft; ca–cb: cephalic long spine; ce: cephalion; db: dorsal cilia band; lt: lateral cilia tuft; ta–tb: trunk spines; r: rear spine; ss: short spines; ta: trunk spines; vt1–3: ventral cilia tufts.
FIGURE 6. Haltidytes pseudosquamosus differential interference contrast photomicrographs. A in New data on Brazilian semiplanktonic gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida)
FIGURE 6. Haltidytes pseudosquamosus differential interference contrast photomicrographs. A: Dorsal view, B: Dorsal view, ciliature tufts, C: Dorsal view, spines path, D, E: Cephalic ciliature. at: anterior cilia tuft; db: dorsal cilia band; nb: neck sensory bristle; nf: nefridia; pt: posterior cilia tuft.
FIGURE 5. Haltidytes pseudosquamosus differential interference contrast photomicrographs. A in New data on Brazilian semiplanktonic gastrotrichs (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotida)
FIGURE 5. Haltidytes pseudosquamosus differential interference contrast photomicrographs. A: Dorsal view, B: Ventral view, spines insertion, C: Dorsal view, spines insertion, D, dorsal view, spine paths, E: posterior spine denticle. de: denticles; nf: nefridia; ta–d: trunk spines.
FIG. 15 in New records, neotype designation and DNA sequences of three species of Chaetonotus (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) from Brazil
FIG. 15. Phylogenetic relationships of Chaetonotidae inferred from a Maximum Likelihood analysis. Values near branches show bootstrap support, values below 95 are omitted.
FIG. 14 in New records, neotype designation and DNA sequences of three species of Chaetonotus (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) from Brazil
FIG. 14. Distribution of three species of Chaetonotus in South America. Green: Chaetonotus dadayi, Blue: C. paucisquamatus, Yellow: C. furcatus.
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