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Figures 78–81 in New Species in the Drosophila ananassae Subgroup from Northern Australia, New Guinea and the South Pacific (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with Historical Overview

Figures 78–81. Hypandria of Drosophila anomalata sp.nov. three males from the type strain Schiffer CHC221 (ventral views); (81) dorsal view of hypandrium in Fig. 80.

Figures 54–71 in New Species in the Drosophila ananassae Subgroup from Northern Australia, New Guinea and the South Pacific (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with Historical Overview

Figures 54–71. Male fore-leg and sex comb of tarsomere I (metatarsus or basitarsus), tarsomere II and III of Drosophila pandora sp.nov. (54–59), D. ananassae (60–65) (from strains established by Schiffer at Lake Placid, northern Queensland) and D. schugi sp.nov. (66–71). Drosophila pandora sp.nov. (54–55) from iso-♀ strain CAR274 [the teeth of the sex comb in Fig. 51 are artificially enhanced and represented schematically to indicate how they are scored]; (56–57) from type strain = iso-♀ strain CAQ408; and (58–59) from iso-♀ strain CAQ425. Drosophila ananassae (60–61) from iso-♀ strain CBR57; (62–63) from iso-♀ strain CBR54; and (64–65) from iso-♀ strain CBR52. Drosophila schugi sp.nov. wild caught males from Malololelei, Upolu, Samoa, 14–17 June 2003, Schug, Gray-Smith, Kilon-Attwood, McEvey; AMS K356978 (66), AMS K356979 (67–68), AMS K356977 (69), and AMS K356976 (70–71).

Figures 26–37 in New Species in the Drosophila ananassae Subgroup from Northern Australia, New Guinea and the South Pacific (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with Historical Overview

Figures 26–37. Hypandria of Drosophila ananassae complex species. Drosophila ananassae (26) 1.5 km NW Taipivai, Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands; (27) Belvédère 250 m, fruit bait, Moorea, Society Islands, French Polynesia. Drosophila ananassae or D. pallidosa (28) Sigatoka, 35 km S Nadi, Fiji; (29) Apia, Samoa. Drosophila pallidosa (30) det. by?Wheeler, Pago Pago, ... [continued on facing page]

Figures 38–53 in New Species in the Drosophila ananassae Subgroup from Northern Australia, New Guinea and the South Pacific (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with Historical Overview

Figures 38–53. Epandria of Drosophila ananassae complex species. Drosophila pandora sp.nov. (38) Lake Placid type strain CAQ408, lateral view; (39) type strain CAQ408, caudal view; (40) Lake Placid strain CAR274; (41) Lake Placid strain CAQ425. Drosophila ananassae (42) Beach Lane, Mauritius, Oct. 2012, J. Tann. Drosophila?ananassae (43) Kuranda, northern Queensland, AMS K275429; (44) Sigatoka, 35 km S Nadi, Fiji, AMS K275290; (45) Iron Range, fruit bait, 30.iv.1976, I.R. Bock, [possibly pinned on this date from a strain collected with P.A. Parsons in November 1975—there is no evidence that Bock returned to Iron Range in 1976], AMS K119308 (det. Drosophila ananassae by Bock in 1976). Drosophila pandora sp.nov.: (46) D. "papuensis-like" Kyorin University stock k-aat001, Townsville, Queensland. Drosophila pallidosa: (47) det. by?Wheeler, Pago Pago, American Samoa, Drosophila Species Stock Center (San Diego), stock 14024-0433.01. Drosophila ananassae or D. pallidosa (48) Sigatoka, 35 km S Nadi, Fiji, June 2004, Schug, Gray-Smith, Kilon-Attwood, McEvey, AMS K282851. Drosophila schugi sp.nov. (49) Malololelei, Upolu, Samoa, 14–17 June 2003, paratype AMS K282923. Drosophila anomalata sp.nov. (50–52) ex type strain, Schiffer CHC221. Drosophila schugi sp.nov. (53) Malololelei, Upolu, Samoa, 14–17 June 2003, AMS K356977. Localities—see Fig. 1 and Appendix 1; all specimens in Australian Museum.

Figures 72–77 in New Species in the Drosophila ananassae Subgroup from Northern Australia, New Guinea and the South Pacific (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with Historical Overview

Figures 72–77. Male fore-leg and sex comb of tarsomere I (metatarsus) and II of Drosophila anomalata sp.nov. ex type strain CHC221, nr Deeragun, 16 km W of Townsville. Legs from five males; (73–74) left and right legs from one male [(74) image flipped].

Figures 86–88 in New Species in the Drosophila ananassae Subgroup from Northern Australia, New Guinea and the South Pacific (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with Historical Overview

Figures 86–88. Drosophila schugi sp.nov. holotype AMS K282922. Dorsal, lateral and anterolateral views of the head and face.

Figures 14–25 in New Species in the Drosophila ananassae Subgroup from Northern Australia, New Guinea and the South Pacific (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with Historical Overview

Figures 14–25. Hypandria of Drosophila pandora sp.nov. and D. ananassae. Drosophila pandora sp.nov. (14–15) Holmes Jungle, Darwin, Northern Territory; (16) Tabubil 750 m, Western Province, Papua New Guinea; (17) Wanigela, Oro Province, Papua New Guinea; (18) Bertie Creek pump, near Heathlands Homestead, northern Queensland; (19–20) Gordon Creek nr Cooks Hut, Iron Range, northern Queensland; (21) Thursday Island, Torres Strait, northern Queensland.Drosophila ananassae (22) Beach Lane, Mauritius; (23) Christmas Island, Indian Ocean nr Java; (24) Wé, Loyalty Islands; (25) Ubud, Bali, Indonesia. Localities mapped in Fig. 1; all specimens in Australian Museum.

Figure 1 in New Species in the Drosophila ananassae Subgroup from Northern Australia, New Guinea and the South Pacific (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with Historical Overview

Figure 1. Distribution of 11 of the 12 Drosophila ananassae complex species, the authors have collected at red dot localities or examined specimens collected by others from red circle localities; these data are complete for the Australian Region and incomplete for the Oriental Region. Drosophila lachaisei Tsacas, 1984 from Africa is not shown. The Drosophila pandora sp.nov. type locality is Lake Placid near Cairns (see inset); the D. anomalata sp.nov. type locality is Deeragun near Townsville. Drosophila ananassae s.str. is pantropical within the pale blue lines, the Ambon type locality is shown; D. ananassae extends as far south as Corindi in Australia, it is absent in Sydney and New Zealand. Three or more additional, but undescribed species, occur in New Guinea (and perhaps also in northern Australia), these are not shown. Islands of Torres Strait: (1) Mabuiag, (2) Moa, (3) Thursday, and (4) Mount Adolphus; and localities on Cape York Peninsula: (5) Bamaga, (6) Bertie Creek and Heathlands homestead, (7) Doublemouth and Gunshot Creeks, (8) Gordon Creek, (9) Iron Range (nr airstrip), and (10) upper Peach Creek (McIlwraith Range) are indicated (see inset). Geospatial coordinates of all localities are given in Appendix 1.

Figures 82–85 in New Species in the Drosophila ananassae Subgroup from Northern Australia, New Guinea and the South Pacific (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with Historical Overview

Figures 82–85. Hypandria of Drosophila schugi sp.nov. four males collected with holotype at Malalololei, Upolu, Samoa, 14–17 June 2003, Schug, Gray-Smith, Kilon-Attwood, McEvey; AMS K356976 (82), AMS K356977 (83), AMS K356978 (84), AMS K356979 (85).

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Abb. 1 in Die Fruchtfliegen Niedersachsens und Bremens (Diptera, Drosophilidae) The Fruit Flies (Diptera, Drosophilidae) of Lower Saxony and

Abb. 1: Originalbeschreibung der ersten aus Niedersachsen nachgewiesenen Fruchtfliege (Musca erythrophthalma PANZER, 1794), die von Christian Ludwig Hellwig in Braunschweig gesammelt wurde und von Georg Wolfgang Franz Panzer anschliessend beschrieben wurde (PANZER 1794). Die Art wird aktuell als nomen nudum betrachtet, es könnte sich um Drosophila funebris (FABRICIUS, 1787) handeln.

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Abb. 3 in Die Fruchtfliegen Niedersachsens und Bremens (Diptera, Drosophilidae) The Fruit Flies (Diptera, Drosophilidae) of Lower Saxony and

Abb. 3: Jahreszeitliche Verteilung der Artenzahl (Punkte) und der Gesamtzahl (Säulen) der datierten Belege von Drosophilidae in Niedersachsen in Bremen.

Figs. 46–49 in The Phortica Sensu Stricto (Insecta: Diptera: Drosophilidae) From Malaysia

Figs. 46–49. Phortica (Phortica) palmata Chen & Toda, new species, male: 46, epandrium and cercus in lateral view; 47, surstylus in frontal view; 48, tenth sternite and additional plate in frontal view; 49, hypandrium, gonopod, paramere and aedeagus in lateral view.

Figs. 50–53 in The Phortica Sensu Stricto (Insecta: Diptera: Drosophilidae) From Malaysia

Figs. 50–53. Phortica (Phortica) pasohensis Chen & Toda, new species, male: 50, epandrium and cercus in lateral view; 51, surstylus in frontal view; 52, tenth sternite and additional plate in frontal view; 53, hypandrium, gonopod, paramere and aedeagus in lateral view.

Figs. 36–40 in The Phortica Sensu Stricto (Insecta: Diptera: Drosophilidae) From Malaysia

Figs. 36–40. Phortica (Phortica) expansa Chen & Toda, new species, male: 36, sixth tergite in ventral view; 37, epandrium and cercus in lateral view; 38, surstylus in frontal view; 39, tenth sternite and additional plate in frontal view; 40, hypandrium, gonopod, paramere and aedeagus in lateral view.

Figs. 30–35 in The Phortica Sensu Stricto (Insecta: Diptera: Drosophilidae) From Malaysia

Figs. 30–35. Phortica (Phortica) zeta Chen & Toda, new species, male: 30, epandrium and cercus in lateral view; 31, surstylus in frontal view; 32, tenth sternite and additional plate in frontal view; 33, hypandrium, gonopod, paramere and aedeagus in lateral view; 34, paramere in frontal view; 35, tip of aedeagal median rod in ventral view.

Figs. 20–25 in The Phortica Sensu Stricto (Insecta: Diptera: Drosophilidae) From Malaysia

Figs. 20–25. Phortica (Phortica) epsilon Chen & Toda, new species, male: 20, sixth tergite in ventral view; 21, epandrium and cercus in lateral view; 22, surstylus in frontal view; 23, tenth sternite and additional plate in frontal view; 24, hypandrium, gonopod, paramere and aedeagus in lateral view; 25, tip of aedeagal median rod in ventral view.

Figs. 16–19 in The Phortica Sensu Stricto (Insecta: Diptera: Drosophilidae) From Malaysia

Figs. 16–19. Phortica (Phortica) liewi Chen & Toda, new species, male: 16, epandrium and cercus in lateral view; 17, surstylus in frontal view; 18, tenth sternite and additional plate in frontal view; 19, hypandrium, gonopod, paramere and aedeagus in lateral view.

Figs. 41–45 in The Phortica Sensu Stricto (Insecta: Diptera: Drosophilidae) From Malaysia

Figs. 41–45. Phortica (Phortica) kinabalensis Chen & Toda, new species, male: 41, epandrium and cercus in lateral view; 42, surstylus in frontal view; 43, tenth sternite and additional plate in frontal view; 44, hypandrium, gonopod and aedeagus in lateral view; 45, paramere in lateral view.

Figs. 6–10 in The Phortica Sensu Stricto (Insecta: Diptera: Drosophilidae) From Malaysia

Figs. 6–10. Phortica (Phortica) ni Chen & Toda, new species, male: 6, sixth tergite in ventral view; 7, epandrium and cercus in lateral view; 8, surstylus in frontal view; 9, tenth sternite and additional plate in frontal view; 10, hypandrium, gonopod, paramere and aedeagus in lateral view.

Figs. 11–15 in The Phortica Sensu Stricto (Insecta: Diptera: Drosophilidae) From Malaysia

Figs. 11–15. Phortica (Phortica) jamilii Chen & Toda, new species, male: 11, sixth tergite in ventral view; 12, epandrium and cercus in lateral view; 13, surstylus in frontal view; 14, tenth sternite and additional plate in frontal view; 15, hypandrium, gonopod, paramere and aedeagus in lateral view.