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Figure 2 in The southern geographic range of Micronycteris sanborni (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)

Figure 2: Palatine bones from five specimens of Micronycteris sanborni (Phyllostomidae) recorded in the Serra da Bodoquena, southwestern Brazil. Three adult males (ZUFMS-CHI02500, ZUFMS-CHI02501, ZUFMS-CHI02502;A, B and C, respectively) and one adult female (ZUFMS-CHI02503; D) from Bonito, and an adult male (ZUFMS-M 00161; E) from Jardim, reported by Santos et al. (2010). SPM = suture palatomaxillaris, M = upper molars (scale bar = 1 mm).

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Figure 1 in The southern geographic range of Micronycteris sanborni (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)

Figure 1: Records of Micronycteris sanborni (circles) across the South America dry diagonal, and of Micronycteris yatesi (stars) in Bolivia (Siles et al. 2013). Yellow circles indicate the four new specimens recorded here from Serra da Bodoquena, Mato Grosso do Sul. Previous records are as follows: 1-Santos et al. (2010); 2-Bordignon and Shapiro (2018); 3-4- Poma-Urey et al. (2020); 5-Louzada et al. (2015); 6-Nogueira et al. (2015); 7-Falcão et al. (2014); 8-Felix et al. (2016); 9-Gregorin et al. (2011); 10-Soares et al. (2019); 11-Gregorin et al. (2008); 12-Novaes et al. (2015); 13-Silva and Palmeira (2014); 14-Almeida et al. (2016); 15- Vargas-Mena et al. (2018); 16 to 22-Feijó et al. (2015); 23 to 26-Simmons (1996).

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Data from: Primary productivity explains size variation across the Pallid bat's (Antrozous pallidus) western geographic range

1. Body size is associated with many aspects of the life history, ecology, and physiology of animals. Within a species, body size can vary substantially across space and time, and the mechanisms generating these patterns have been the focus of evolutionary and ecology research. 2. Bergmann's Rule predicts a negative relationship between body size and temperature across the geographic range of endothermic animals; larger animals have a lower surface to volume ratio, which would allow for greater heat conservation. Despite the broad support for this pattern, its underlying mechanisms are heavily debated. Numerous alternative explanations have been proposed to explain why larger animals are found in colder climates, and vice versa, including heat dissipation, environmental seasonality, and resource availability. 3. We used the Pallid bat, Antrozous pallidus, as a model to evaluate Bergmannian size patterns and the relative support for major explanatory hypotheses of geographic body size variation. We tested the hypothesis that geographic size variation is predicted by productivity, as opposed to seasonality, heat conservation or dissipation, or some combination of these processes. Additionally, we investigated the potential ecomorphological consequences of size variation in Pallid bats by determining if skull shape (an indicator of bite performance) varies with size. 4. Whereas we did find that Pallid bat populations in northern latitudes are composed of larger individuals, our results suggest that net primary productivity and, to a lesser extent heat conservation, best explains size variation throughout the western range of this species. We also found that skull shape in Pallid bats changes in tandem with skull size, with larger bats having cranial traits associated with greater bite force production. 5. The results of our study indicate that variation in resource availability may be a key factor underlying spatial patterns in size, morphology and, possibly, feeding performance within wide-ranging bat species.

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Figure 1 in A new species of Himalayapotamon Pretzmann, 1966 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamidae) marking the westernmost distribution of the genus, with notes on its geographical range evolution

Figure 1. Occurrence of the currently recognised species of the genus Himalayapotamon; based on different authors (Alcock 1909, 1910; Pretzmann 1966b; Brandis et al. 2000; Brandis 2001; Brandis and Sharma 2005; Mitra and Valarmathi 2017; Pati and Singh 2017). The two insets enlarge the sampling sites between Ravi and Satluj rivers (left), and between Gandak and Bagmati rivers (right). The dash-dot line indicates the drainage divide between Indus and Ganges; the dashed line the palaeo-divide at 5 Ma according to Clift and Blusztajn (2005); and the dotted line the palaeo-divide under the hypothesis that the range of Himalayapotamon reflects the palaeo-Ganges drainage.

opennotspecifiedFeb 2019View details →

Figure 2 in A new species of Himalayapotamon Pretzmann, 1966 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamidae) marking the westernmost distribution of the genus, with notes on its geographical range evolution

Figure 2. Himalayapotamon. robertsianum sp. nov., holotype male (SMF 24731). (a) Carapace; (b) sternum and pleon (scale = 2 cm); (c) first gonopod, dorsal; (d) first gonopod, ventral (scale = 5 mm).

Figure 2 in Plant consumption in coastal populations of the lizard Tropidurus torquatus (Reptilia: Squamata: Tropiduridae): how do herbivory rates vary along their geographic range?

Figure 2. Cluster dendrogram of 10 populations of the lizard Tropidurus torquatus along the Brazilian coast based on the volumetric proportion of plant consumed. Trancoso, Prado (Bahia State), Guriri, Setiba, Praia das Neves (Espírito Santo State), Grussaí, Jurubatiba, Massambaba, Maricá and Grumari (Rio de Janeiro State).

Figure 1. Map showing the 10 in Plant consumption in coastal populations of the lizard Tropidurus torquatus (Reptilia: Squamata: Tropiduridae): how do herbivory rates vary along their geographic range?

Figure 1. Map showing the 10 restingas from where the lizards Tropidurus torquatus were captured along the Brazilian coast in the states of Bahia (1: Trancoso, 2: Prado), Espírito Santo (3: Guriri, 4: Setiba, 5: Praia das Neves) and Rio de Janeiro (6: Grussaí, 7: Jurubatiba, 8: Massambaba, 9: Maricá, 10: Grumari).

FIG. 3 in The barnacles of Astreopora (Cirripedia, Pyrgomatini/ Scleractinia, Acroporidae): organization plans, host speci®city, species-richness and geographic range

FIG. 3. Hiroa stubbingsi Ross and Newman, 1973 from Astreopora myriophthalma Lamarck, 1816 from Sulawesi, Indonesia (RMNH C 2276): (A) labrum and outlines of mandibular palps; (B) mandibular palp; (C) mandible; (D) maxilla I; (E) maxilla II. Scale bar= 0.1 mm.

FIG. 1 in The barnacles of Astreopora (Cirripedia, Pyrgomatini/ Scleractinia, Acroporidae): organization plans, host speci®city, species-richness and geographic range

FIG. 1. Distribution of Astreopora (shaded, after Veron 1986, 1993) and known occurrences of Cantellius euspinulosa (D), C. iwayama (E), C. tredecimus, (D) C. pallidus (L), Hiroa stubbingsi (H), Cionophora soongi (*) and C. guillaumae sp. nov. (+). Localities, for sites of collection see results: 1, Red Sea, Gulf of Elat or Aqaba; 2, Red Sea; 3, Red Sea,Yemen; 4, Kenya; 5, Tanzania; 6, Mozambique, Inhaca Island; 7, Seychelles; 8, Mauritius; 9, Reunion; 10, Maldive Islands; 11, Vietnam; 12, Indonesia, Sabah; 13, Indonesia, Sulawesi; 14, Philippines; 15, Taiwan (Soong and Chang, 1983); 16, Japan, Okinawa (Ogawa and Matsuzaki, 1990; Asami and Yamaguchi, 1997); 17, Japan, Kushimoto, 18, Truk Islands (Ollan Island, type locality of Hiroa stubbingsi); 19, Australia, Western Australia; 20, Australia, Darwin; 21, 22, Australia, Great Barrier Reef; 23, Australia, Lord Howe Island; 24, New Caledonia (type locality of Cionophora guillaumae); 25, Vanuatu; 26, Marshall Islands, Enewetok Atoll; 27, Gilbert Islands; 28, Tonga Islands.

FIG. 2 in The barnacles of Astreopora (Cirripedia, Pyrgomatini/ Scleractinia, Acroporidae): organization plans, host speci®city, species-richness and geographic range

FIG. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of shell and opercular plates of Hiroa stubbingsi Ross and Newman, 1973: (A) exterior of specimen from Sulawesi, Indonesia (RMNH C 2276) with opercular plates in place [see (D) for enlargement of area outlined on (A), and (E) for enlargement of the opercular region]; (B) carinal plate and portion of basis of specimen from Sabah (Borneo) showing grooves in basis into which the radial septa of the wall insert; (C) interior of partially disarticulated wall showing four parietal plates (note the rostrum contributes substantially less to the sheath than the carina despite their comparable widths); (D) radial ridge and marginal teeth of radial septum engaging a longitudinal groove of the basis [enlargement of outlined area in (A)]; (E) enlargement of the opercular plates in situ, illustrating interlocking of the teeth of the occludent margins of the scuta and the rows of pores; (F) articulate opercular valves of a specimen from New Caledonia illustrating the relationships of the large area for insertion of tergal depressor muscles and the relatively large spur of the tergum to the large, dependent limbus adductorum (adductor ridge) of the scutum (a, outer view; b, inner view); (G) disarticulated scuta and terga of a specimen from Sulawesi Indonesia (RMNH C 2276) (a and b, scuta; c and d, terga). Scale bars: (A±C, F, G)= 1 mm; (D, E)=0.1 mm.

Fig. 14 in Geographic Range Updates for the Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) of Northern Ontario, Canada

Fig. 14. Northern Ontario distribution map showing previous collection records for Parvindela terricola.

Fig. 7 in Geographic Range Updates for the Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) of Northern Ontario, Canada

Fig. 7. Northern Ontario distribution map showing new and previous collection records for Cicindela longilabris.

Fig. 12 in Geographic Range Updates for the Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) of Northern Ontario, Canada

Fig. 12. Northern Ontario distribution map showing new and previous collection records for Cicindela tranquebarica.

Fig. 2 in Geographic Range Updates for the Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) of Northern Ontario, Canada

Fig. 2. Northern Ontario distribution map showing new and previous collection records for Cicindela denikei.

Fig. 6 in Geographic Range Updates for the Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) of Northern Ontario, Canada

Fig. 6. Northern Ontario distribution map showing new and previous collection records for Cicindela limbalis.

Fig. 4 in Geographic Range Updates for the Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) of Northern Ontario, Canada

Fig. 4. Northern Ontario distribution map showing previous collection records for Cicindela formosa.

Fig. 1 in Geographic Range Updates for the Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) of Northern Ontario, Canada

Fig. 1. Reference map showing northern Ontario boundary (lower dashed line), the Far North boundary (upper dashed line), the boundary between the Ontario Shield and the Hudson Bay Lowlands, (Crins et al. 2009), and major communities, waterways, and landmarks.

Fig. 10 in Geographic Range Updates for the Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) of Northern Ontario, Canada

Fig. 10. Northern Ontario distribution map showing previous collection records for Cicindela scutellaris.

Fig. 5 in Geographic Range Updates for the Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) of Northern Ontario, Canada

Fig. 5. Northern Ontario distribution map showing new and previous collection records for Cicindela hirticollis.

Fig. 9 in Geographic Range Updates for the Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) of Northern Ontario, Canada

Fig. 9. Northern Ontario distribution map showing new and previous collection records for Cicindela repanda.