Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-zeroApr 2020View details →

Contrasting responses of different functional groups stabilise community responses to a dominant shrub under global change

1. Changes in precipitation regimes and nitrogen deposition levels due to global change are altering terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. Most attempts at understanding how biotic interactions affect plant species and community responses to global change have focused on biotic interactions measured at the community-level. However, these approaches ignore that communities include functionally dissimilar species that might respond differently to changes in the effects of dominant neighbours along environmental gradients. We test the hypothesis that plant species with differences in functional traits may exhibit contrasting interactions with a dominant shrub species within a single community, thereby stabilizing community-level responses to the effects of global change. 2. We manipulated water and nitrogen applications in a semi-arid dune community in northern China, quantified the biomass of herbaceous species occurring below the dominant shrub, Artemisia ordosica, and in adjacent open patches (without the shrub), and measured herbaceous species height and leaf dry matter content. The effects of A. ordosica were quantified at the species, group, and community levels using the relative interaction index (RII). Redundancy analysis was performed on species traits and the RII values to assess the relationships between functional differences in species and plant-plant interactions. Species were then grouped using a cluster analysis and the RII values were recalculated at the group level. 3. The redundancy analysis showed that species height and leaf dry matter content were significantly correlated to the changes in species' responses to the effect of A. ordosica along treatments. The four groups of species identified by the cluster analysis showed contrasting variations in competitive or facilitative responses depending on species traits and environmental treatments. However, the interactions measured at the group level balanced the community-level responses, as we found no significant changes in the effects of A. ordosica along treatments for community biomass, richness, and functional diversity indices. 4. Synthesis. Our findings indicate that species with different functional strategies within a community exhibit contrasting responses to a dominant shrub along environmental gradients. These contrasting changes in plant-plant interactions of functionally different species may balance the responses of community-level metrics. This suggests that functional differences between species groups and the balance of plant-plant interactions stabilize community responses to global change.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2021View details →

A global analysis of subsidence, relative sea-level change and coastal flood exposure

This repository contains the data and the scripts used to create results, figures and tables in the paper "A global analysis of subsidence, relative sea-level change and coastal flood exposure" by R. Nicholls et al. published in Nature Climate Change (DOI-link to follow).

opencc-zeroDec 2019View details →

Soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling microbial populations and their resistance to global change depend on C:N:P stoichiometry

Maintaining the stability of ecosystem functions to global change calls for a better understanding the regulatory factors of functionally specialized microbial-groups and their population-response to disturbance. Here, we explored this issue by collecting soils from 54 managed ecosystems in China and building a predictive model of microcosm experiments. Soil carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus (C:N:P) stoichiometry (35%~49%) imparted a greater individual effects on the abundances of microbial-groups associated with main carbon C, N, and P biogeochemical processes in comparison with geographical conditions (7%~10%). Soil total C and N contents were significantly positively correlated with the abundances of diazotrophs (nifH), nitrifiers (bacterial amoA), nitrate reducers (narG) and denitrifiers (nirS/K and nosZ genes). Soil C:N ratio not only exhibited a negative relationship with the abundances of P activators (phoD, phoC and pqqC genes), but also with cellulolytic decomposers (fungcbhIR and GH74 genes). Nitrogen cycling genes, including bacterial amoA, nirS, narG and norB, exhibited higher genetic resistance to N deposition compared with the drying-wetting cycles and warming. Soil total C, N and P contents, and their ratios had a strong direct effect on the genetic resistance of microbial-groups. Soil C:P ratio was selected by random forest analyses as the main predictor of N cycling genetic resistance to N deposition. Soil total C and N contents, and their ratios were the main predictors of the P cycling genetic resistance to three global change drivers. Overall, our work highlights the importance of soil stoichiometric balance for maintaining the ability of microbially-driven ecosystem functions to withstand global change.

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Indirect effects of global change accumulate to alter plant diversity but not ecosystem function in alpine tundra

1. Environmental change can affect species directly by altering their physical environment and indirectly by altering the abundance of interacting species. A key challenge at the interface of community ecology and conservation biology is to predict how direct and indirect effects combine to influence response in a changing environment. In particular, little is known about how direct and indirect effects on biodiversity develop over time or their potential to influence ecosystem function. 2. We studied how nitrogen (N), winter precipitation (snow), and warming influenced diversity and ecosystem function over six years in alpine tundra. We used path analyses to partition direct effects of environmental manipulations from indirect effects due to changes in the abundance of two dominant plants. We hypothesize that 1) indirect effects will develop more slowly but will become stronger than direct effects over time, and 2) after six years, indirect effects will more strongly influence diversity while direct effects will influence ecosystem function. 3. Indirect effects of N on diversity were consistently stronger than direct effects and actually developed quickly, prior to direct effects. Direct effects of snow on diversity were detected in year two but then subsequently were reversed, while indirect effects were detected in year four and grew stronger over time. Overall in year six, indirect effects were much stronger than direct effects. 4. Direct effects predominated for three of four ecosystem functions we measured (productivity, N mineralization, winter N availability). The only indirect effects we found were that N and snow indirectly affected microbial biomass N by influencing Geum abundance. Across all four ecosystem measures, indirect effects were infrequent and weaker than direct effects. 5. Synthesis. Increasing indirect effects on diversity over time indicate that short-term experiments or monitoring of natural systems may underestimate the full magnitude of global change effects on plant communities. Explicitly accounting for changes in dominant plant abundance may be necessary for forecasting plant community response to environmental change. Conversely, weak indirect effects for ecosystem processes suggest that predicting ecosystem function without knowledge of plant responses to global change may be possible.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

Data from: Palaeobiogeographical distribution of Orbiculoidea (Brachiopoda, Discinoidea) responding to global climatic and geographical changes during the Palaeozoic

The Palaeozoic Era is a particularly interesting period of Earth history, as it includes the formation and northward movement of a supercontinent (Pangea), dramatic climatic changes and global biotic catastrophes. Here, we analyse the palaeobiogeographical distribution of the discinid brachiopod genus Orbiculoidea and discuss its distributional patterns in light of the environmental changes that occurred throughout the Palaeozoic and the Triassic. Our results indicate that the distribution of the genus seems to have been controlled mainly by the palaeogeographical framework and by global climate change. Importantly, its spatial pattern appears to directly respond both to the formation and northward movement of Pangea and to global temperature fluctuations during the Palaeozoic. In conjunction with these two global parameters, it is likely that the distribution of Orbiculoidea was also affected by regional factors, including the presence of oceanic upwelling as well as the development and demise of continental shelves and seaways.

opencc-zeroDec 2013View details →

Data from: Indirect effects drive evolutionary responses to global change

Anthropogenic environmental changes pose significant threats to plant and animal populations. These changes also may affect the evolution of natural populations either directly or indirectly by altering the outcome of species interactions that are important drivers of evolution. This latter indirect pathway may be especially important for evolutionary responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (eCO2), which appear to have minimal direct effects on plant evolution but have large effects on interspecific interactions, such as competition. We manipulated competitive and CO2 environments of experimental Arabidopsis thaliana populations to test whether eCO2 alters evolutionary trajectories indirectly by altering selection imposed by competitors. We found that interspecific competition increased selection on growth traits, reduced heritabilities, and altered genetic covariances between traits and that the magnitude of these effects depended upon the CO2 environment. Although eCO2 had minimal direct effects on evolutionary processes, eCO2 typically reduced the strength of selection imposed by competitors and, therefore, relaxed selection on plant traits when competitors were present. Our results indicate that global changes may affect plant evolution indirectly by altering competitive interactions and underscore the importance of conducting research in natural communities when attempting to predict population responses to global change.

Data from: Global pattern of nest predation is disrupted by climate change in shorebirds

Ongoing climate change is thought to disrupt trophic relationships, with consequences for complex interspecific interactions, yet the effects of climate change on species interactions are poorly understood, and such effects have not been documented at a global scale. Using a single database of 38,191 nests from 237 populations, we found that shorebirds have experienced a worldwide increase in nest predation over the past 70 years. Historically, there existed a latitudinal gradient in nest predation, with the highest rates in the tropics; however, this pattern has been recently reversed in the Northern Hemisphere, most notably in the Arctic. This increased nest predation is consistent with climate-induced shifts in predator-prey relationships.

Data from: Plant functional diversity modulates global environmental change effects on grassland productivity

1. Although much research has explored changes in ecosystem functions associated with global environmental changes, the mechanistic pathways behind the observed changes remain poorly understood. 2. Using an 11-year experiment that increased growing season precipitation and nitrogen deposition in a temperate steppe, we explored the relative importance of direct and indirect environmental change effects on plant primary productivity. 3. We show that increases in water and nitrogen availability influenced plant productivity via both direct and indirect pathways. While both treatments stimulated plant productivity, changes in plant productivity cannot be explained by observed changes in species or phylogenetic diversity. Instead, the indirect effects of water and nitrogen addition were through their positive effects on plant functional diversity. Importantly, while the increase in one component of functional diversity (community-level weighted mean of plant stature) resulted in increased productivity, the increase in another component of functional diversity (functional dispersion) resulted in decreased productivity. 4. Synthesis. Our study provides the first evidence for the opposite effects of community weighted means and functional dispersion of plant functional traits on grassland productivity, and highlights the importance of both traits of dominant species and trait distribution among species in modulating the effects of global changes on ecosystem functions.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Projected changes in prevailing winds for transatlantic migratory birds under global warming

A number of terrestrial bird species that breed in North America cross the Atlantic Ocean during autumn migration when travelling to their non-breeding grounds in the Caribbean or South America. When conducting oceanic crossings, migratory birds tend to associate with mild or supportive winds, whose speed and direction may change under global warming. The implications of these changes for transoceanic migratory bird populations have not been addressed. We used occurrence information from eBird (1950–2015) to estimate the geographical location of population centres at a daily temporal resolution across the annual cycle for 10 transatlantic migratory bird species. We used this information to estimate the location and timing of autumn migration within the transatlantic flyway. We estimated how prevailing winds are projected to change within the transatlantic flyway during this time using daily wind speed anomalies (1996–2005 and 2091–2100) from 29 Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models implemented under CMIP5. Autumn transatlantic migrants have the potential to encounter strong westerly crosswinds early in their transatlantic journey at intermediate and especially high migration altitudes, strong headwinds at low and intermediate migration altitudes within the Caribbean that increase in strength as the season progresses, and weak tailwinds at intermediate and high migration altitudes east of the Caribbean. The CMIP5 simulations suggest that, during this century, the likelihood of autumn transatlantic migrants encountering strong westerly crosswinds will diminish. As global warming progresses, the need for species to compensate or drift under the influence of strong westerly crosswinds during the initial phase of their autumn transatlantic journey may be diminished. Existing strategies that promote headwind avoidance and tailwind assistance will likely remain valid. Thus, climate change may reduce time and energy requirements and the chance of mortality or vagrancy during a specific but likely critical portion of these species' autumn migration journey.

Data from: Melanin-based colouration and host-parasite interactions under global change

The role of parasites in shaping melanin-based colour polymorphism, and the consequences of colour polymorphism for disease resistance, remain debated. Here we review recent evidence of the links between melanin-based colouration and the behavioural and immunological defences of vertebrates against their parasites. First we propose that (1) differences between colour morphs can result in variable exposure to parasites, either directly (certain colours might be more or less attractive to parasites) or indirectly (variations in behaviour and encounter probability). Once infected, we propose that (2) immune variation between differently coloured individuals might result in different abilities to cope with parasite infection. We then discuss (3) how these different abilities could translate in variable sexual and natural selection in environments varying in parasite pressure. Finally, we address (4) the potential role of parasites in the maintenance of melanin-based colouration polymorphism, especially in the context of global change and multiple stressors in human-altered environments. Because global change will likely affect both colouration and the spread of parasitic diseases in the next decades, future studies should take into account melanin-based colouration to better predict the evolutionary responses of animals to changing disease risk in human-altered environments.

Data from: Trade-offs and synergies between bird conservation and wildfire suppression in the face of global change

1. The combined effects of climate change and other factors, such as land use change or fire disturbance, pose daunting challenges for biodiversity conservation worldwide. 2. In this study, we predicted the future effectiveness of the Natura 2000 (N2000), the current network of protected areas (PA) in Europe, at maintaining and representing suitable environmental conditions for a set of 79 bird species between 2000 and 2050 in a fire-prone area strongly affected by land abandonment processes in NE Spain. We then compared PA performance against a set of alternative priority areas for conservation, which take into account fire–vegetation dynamics, selected by using a conservation planning tool (MARXAN). Fire–vegetation dynamics were modelled using a process-based model (MEDFIRE MODEL) under alternative fire management and climate change scenarios. Bird assemblage distributions were predicted using the spatially-explicit species assemblage modelling frameworkSESAMusing distribution models from individual species that hierarchically integrate climate change and wildfire–vegetation dynamics. 3. The amount of suitable environmental conditions within the N2000 network was predicted to fall by around 15%, on average, over the next decades in relation to the initial conditions, but could be partially modulated by fire management policies in the near future. The efficiency of the current PA system was predicted to decrease from 17.4 to 15% over the next decades. However, a more efficient PA system could be achieved with a conservation planning approach that explicitly considers fire–vegetation dynamics and their management. 4. Synthesis and applications: Our findings shed light on: (1) how the current Natura 2000 might still hold an important bird conservation value by 2050; (2) how the relocation of some protected areas could be considered along the next decades to substantially increase bird conservation effectiveness; and (3) how the integration of fire-vegetation dynamics, fire management policies and their objectives within conservation planning can provide 'win-win' solutions for bird conservation and fire prevention in fire-prone abandoned landscapes.

opencc-zeroDec 2011View details →

Data from: Spatial heterogeneity in soil nutrient supply modulates nutrient and biomass responses to multiple global change drivers in model grassland communities

Changes in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide ([CO2]), nutrient availability and biotic diversity are three major drivers of the ongoing global change impacting terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. While it is well established that soil nutrient heterogeneity exerts a strong influence on the development of plant individuals and communities, it is virtually unknown how nutrient heterogeneity and global change drivers interact to affect plant performance and ecosystem functioning. We conducted a microcosm experiment to evaluate the effect of simultaneous changes in [CO2], nutrient heterogeneity (NH), nutrient availability (NA) and species evenness on the biomass and nutrient uptake patterns of assemblages formed by Lolium perenne, Plantago lanceolata and Holcus lanatus. When the nutrients were heterogeneously supplied,assemblages exhibited precise root foraging patterns, and had higher above- and belowground biomass (average increases of 32% and 29% for above- and belowground biomass, respectively). Nutrient heterogeneity also modulated the effects of NA on biomass production, complementarity in nitrogen uptake and below: aboveground ratio, as well as those of [CO2] on the nutrient use efficiency at the assemblage level. Our results show that nutrient heterogeneity has the potential to influence the response of plant assemblages to simultaneous changes in [CO2], nutrient availability and biotic diversity, and suggest that it is an important environmental factor to interpret and assess plant assemblage responses to global change.

opencc-zeroDec 2013View details →

Data from: Differentiation in neutral genes and a candidate gene in the pied flycatcher: using biological archives to track global climate change

Global climate change is one of the major driving forces for adaptive shifts in migration and breeding phenology and possibly impacts demographic changes if a species fails to adapt sufficiently. In Western Europe, pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) have insufficiently adapted their breeding phenology to the ongoing advance of food peaks within their breeding area and consequently suffered local population declines. We address the question whether this population decline led to a loss of genetic variation, using two neutral marker sets (mitochondrial control region and microsatellites), and one potentially selectively non-neutral marker (avian Clock gene). We report temporal changes in genetic diversity in extant populations and biological archives over more than a century, using samples from sites differing in the extent of climate change. Comparing genetic differentiation over this period revealed that only the recent Dutch population, which underwent population declines, showed slightly lower genetic variation than the historic Dutch population. As that loss of variation was only moderate and not observed in all markers, current gene flow across Western and Central European populations might have compensated local loss of variation over the last decades. A comparison of genetic differentiation in neutral loci versus the Clock gene locus provided evidence for stabilizing selection. Furthermore, in all genetic markers, we found a greater genetic differentiation in space than in time. This pattern suggests that local adaptation or historic processes might have a stronger effect on the population structure and genetic variation in the pied flycatcher than recent global climate changes.

Data from: Global drivers of tree seedling establishment at alpine treelines in a changing climate

Alpine and Arctic treeline expansion depends on establishment of tree seedlings beyond the current treeline, which is expected to occur with climate warming. However, treelines often fail to respond to higher temperatures, and it is therefore likely that other environmental factors are important for seedling establishment. We aimed to analyse our current understanding of how temperature and a range of other environmental drivers affect tree seedling establishment at the alpine and Arctic treelines worldwide, and to assess the relative importance of temperature compared with other factors and how they interact. We collected 366 observations from 76 experimental and observational papers for a qualitative analysis of the role of a wide range of environmental factors on tree seed germination, tree seedling growth, survival and natural occurrence. For a subset of these studies, where the experimental design allowed, we conducted formal meta-analyses to reveal if there were global drivers for different seedling life traits. The analyses showed that a wide range of abiotic and biotic factors affected tree seedling establishment besides from temperature, including water, snow, nutrients, light, and surrounding vegetation. The meta-analyses showed that different seedling life stages do not respond similarly to environmental factors. For example, temperature had positive effects on growth, while tree seedling survival and germination showed mixed responses to warming. Further, warming was as often as not the strongest factor controlling tree seedling establishment, when compared to with one of five other environmental factors. Moreover, warming effects often depended on other factors such as moisture or the presence of surrounding vegetation. Our results suggests that population dynamics of trees at the alpine and Arctic treeline are responsive to environmental changes and show that there is a clear need for multi-factorial studies if we want to fully understand and predict the interplay between warming and other environmental factors and their effect on tree seedling establishment across current treelines.

opencc-zeroMay 2019View details →

Data from: Interactive effects of grazing and global change factors on soil and ecosystem respiration in grassland ecosystems: a global synthesis

1.As the key carbon (C) fluxes between biosphere and atmosphere, soil respiration (Rs) and ecosystem respiration (Re) play vital roles in regulating global C balance and climate-biosphere feedback in the Earth system. Despite the fact that numerous manipulative studies and a few meta-analyses have been conducted to examine the responses of Rs and its components [i.e., autotrophic (Ra) and heterotrophic respiration (Rh)] as well as Re to grazing (G) or global change factors, the interactive effects between grazing and global change factors remain poorly understood. 2.Here we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of manipulative experiments with both grazing and global change factors to quantify their individual and interactive effects on Rs and its components as well as Re. 3.Our results showed that grazing and drought significantly decreased Rs by 12.35% and 20.95%, respectively, whereas warming (W), nitrogen addition (N) and increased precipitation (P) stimulated it by 2.12%, 5.49%, and 13.44%, respectively. Similarly, grazing, warming, nitrogen addition, and increased precipitation increased Re by 7.21%, 4.94%, 48.45%, and 21.57%, respectively, while drought decreased it by 16.86%. However, the combinations of grazing with warming (GW), nitrogen addition (GN) and increased precipitation (GP) exhibited non-significant effects on Rs. More importantly, additive interactions between grazing and global change factors exhibited a substantial predominance on Rs, Ra, Rh and Re rather than synergistic and antagonistic ones. 4.Synthesis and applications. Our findings highlight the crucial importance of the interactive effects between grazing and global change factors on Rs and Re. Therefore, incorporating this key influence on ecosystem processes into Earth system models could better improve the prediction of climate-grassland feedbacks and develop sustainable strategies for grassland management in the Anthropocene.17-May-2019

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Global transcriptome changes in perennial ryegrass during early infection by pink snow mould

Lack of resistance to pink snow mould (Microdochium nivale) is a major constraint for adaptation of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) to continental regions with long-lasting snow cover at higher latitudes. Almost all investigations of genetic variation in resistance have been performed using cold acclimated plants. However, there may be variation in resistance mechanisms that are functioning independently of cold acclimation. In this study our aim was to identify candidate genes involved in such resistance mechanisms. We first characterized variation in resistance to M. nivale among non-acclimated genotypes from the Norwegian cultivar 'Fagerlin' based on relative regrowth and fungal quantification by real-time qPCR. One resistant and one susceptible genotype were selected for transcriptome analysis using paired-end sequencing by Illumina Hiseq 2000. Transcriptome profiles, GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis indicate that defense response related genes are differentially expressed between the resistant and the susceptible genotype. A significant up-regulation of defense related genes, as well as genes involved in cell wall cellulose metabolic processes and aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity, was observed in the resistant genotype. The candidate genes identified in this study might be potential molecular marker resources for breeding perennial ryegrass cultivars with improved resistance to pink snow mould.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Mediating water temperature increases due to livestock and global change in high elevation meadow streams of the Golden Trout Wilderness

Rising temperatures due to climate change are pushing the thermal limits of many species, but how climate warming interacts with other anthropogenic disturbances such as land use remains poorly understood. To understand the interactive effects of climate warming and livestock grazing on water temperature in three high elevation meadow streams in the Golden Trout Wilderness, California, we measured riparian vegetation and monitored water temperature in three meadow streams between 2008 and 2013, including two "resting" meadows and one meadow that is partially grazed. All three meadows have been subject to grazing by cattle and sheep since the 1800s and their streams are home to the imperiled California golden trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss aguabonita). In 1991, a livestock exclosure was constructed in one of the meadows (Mulkey), leaving a portion of stream ungrazed to minimize the negative effects of cattle. In 2001, cattle were removed completely from two other meadows (Big Whitney and Ramshaw), which have been in a "resting" state since that time. Inside the livestock exclosure in Mulkey, we found that riverbank vegetation was both larger and denser than outside the exclosure where cattle were present, resulting in more shaded waters and cooler maximal temperatures inside the exclosure. In addition, between meadows comparisons showed that water temperatures were cooler in the ungrazed meadows compared to the grazed area in the partially grazed meadow. Finally, we found that predicted temperatures under different global warming scenarios were likely to be higher in presence of livestock grazing. Our results highlight that land use can interact with climate change to worsen the local thermal conditions for taxa on the edge and that protecting riparian vegetation is likely to increase the resiliency of these ecosystems to climate change.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

GLaD4CD: Global Landslide Dataset for Change Detection

This dataset constitutes one of the outcomes of the Master's Thesis titled 'Landslide identification using deep learning-based change detection and the DeepESDL collaborative cloud platform,' authored by Julia Anna Leonardi, conducted under the supervision of Prof. Maria Antonia Brovelli and Dr. Vasil Yordanov at Politecnico di Milano. The authors extracted the image patches through the DeepESDL platform, which the ESA NoR sponsorship provided access to.  The resource contains the .csv database containing landslide information of 174 events, such as the date, location, source, and the dates of the Sentinel-2 images from before and after the event. The sources of the data included in this inventory are: <ul> <li><a href="progettoiffi.isprambiente.it" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Inventario dei Fenomeni Franosi in Italia (IFFI) compiled by ISPRA</a></li> <li>NASA <a href="https://gpm.nasa.gov/landslides/projects.html#GLC" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Global Landslide Catalog (GLC)</a> [1],[2].</li> <li><a href="https://emergency.copernicus.eu/">Copernicus Emergency Management Service</a> (© European Union, 2012-2024) [3]</li> <li>Geological Survey Ireland | <a href="https://www.gsi.ie/en-ie/data-and-maps/Pages/Geohazards.aspx">Geohazards</a> | <a href="https://www.gsi.ie/en-ie/publications/Pages/National-Landslide-Susceptibility-Map.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">National Landslide Susceptibility Map</a></li> <li><a href="../records/7970874" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Monsoon triggered landslides in Nepal timed with Sentinel-1 for 2015, 2017, 2018, and 2019</a>, courtesy of Katy Burrows [4] </li> <li><a href="https://maps.disasters.nasa.gov/download/gis_products/event_specific/2023/turkiye_earthquakes_202302/landslides/">Landslides after 2023 earthquakes in Turkey</a> compiled by the NASA GSFC team</li> <li><a href="https://www.itc.nl/about-itc/centres-of-expertise/centre-for-disaster-resilience/what-we-do/education-training/Landslides-Course-21-25-November/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">University of Twente online landslide course</a></li> <li>Manually extracted sources from [5], [6], [7], [8].</li> </ul> The .zip file contains the TRAIN dataset with the pre-event Sentinel-2 image patches in folder PRE and the post-event Sentinel-2 image patches in folder POST, and the TEST set with 17 bi-temporal pairs in the PRE and POST folders following the above convention and the labels in the form of change maps in the CM folder. In this updated version the full 13-band Sentinel-2 images are published. (In the previous version only 5 bands (B02, B03, B04, B08, and CLM) were available). All the image patches and the ground truth annotations are in the GeoTIFF format.  The authors developed the dataset for change detection workflows. Project supported by the ESA Network of Resources Initiative. This work is funded by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation within the project “Geoinformatics and Earth Observation for Landslide Monitoring” CUP D19C21000480001   [1]  Kirschbaum, D.B., Stanley, T., & Zhou, Y. (2015). Spatial and temporal analysis of a global landslide catalog. Geomorphology, 249, 4-15. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.03.016">10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.03.016</a> [2] Kirschbaum, D.B., Adler, R., Hong, Y., Hill, S., & Lerner-Lam, A. (2010). A global landslide catalog for hazard applications: method, results, and limitations. Natural Hazards, 52, 561-575. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-009-9401-4">10.1007/s11069-009-9401-4</a> [3] Copernicus Emergency Management Service. (n.d.). Retrieved March 12, 2024 from <a href="https://emergency.copernicus.eu/">https://emergency.copernicus.eu/</a> [4] K. Burrows, O. Marcand C. Andermann, “Monsoon triggered landslides in Nepal timed with Sentinel-1 for 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019”. Zenodo, May 25, 2023. doi: <a href="10.5281/zenodo.7970874.">10.5281/zenodo.7970874.</a> [5] F. Wang et al., ‘Coseismic landslides triggered by the 2018 Hokkaido, Japan (Mw 6.6), earthquake: spatial distribution, controlling factors, and possible failure mechanism’, Landslides, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 1551–1566, Aug. 2019, doi: <a href="10.1007/s10346-019-01187-7">10.1007/s10346-019-01187-7</a>. [6] P. Amatya, D. Kirschbaum, and T. Stanley, ‘Rainfall-induced landslide inventories for Lower Mekong based on Planet imagery and a semi-automatic mapping method’, Geoscience Data Journal, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 315–327, 2022, doi: <a href="10.1002/gdj3.145">10.1002/gdj3.145</a>. [7] ]‘Vietnam – At Least 12 Killed in Flash Floods and Landslides in North – FloodList’. Accessed: Feb. 18, 2024. [Online]. Available: <a href="https://floodlist.com/asia/vietnam-floods-landslides-yen-baison-la-august-2017" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://floodlist.com/asia/vietnam-floods-landslides-yen-baison-la-august-2017</a> [8] L. Colombo, ‘Crollata, causa frana, la volta di una galleria lungo la SP72 a Fiumelatte a Varenna - GLI AGGIORNAMENTI’, Lecco Notizie. Accessed: Feb. 18, 2024. [Online]. Available: <a href="https://lecconotizie.com/cronaca/crollata-la-volta-di-una-galleria-lungo-la-sp72-a-fiumelatte-avarenna/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://lecconotizie.com/cronaca/crollata-la-volta-di-una-galleria-lungo-la-sp72-a-fiumelatte-avarenna/</a>

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

Pesodu-periodic changes in the crust thinning at the Eastern Asia link to global surface environment evolution and biological distinction

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.