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Figs 29‒32. Living individuals and habitats. 29 in Two new species of the genus Cryptostemma from Japan (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Dipsocoridae)
Figs 29‒32. Living individuals and habitats. 29 – Cryptostemma miyamotoi sp. nov., male; 30 – C. pavelstysi sp. nov., male; 31 – habitat of C. miyamotoi, Sonosegawa Riv., Sanagouchi-son, Tokushima Pref.; 32 – habitat of C. pavelstysi, near Nagura Dam, Ishigaki Is.
Data from: Habitat selection in transformed landscapes and the role of forest remnants and shade coffee in the conservation of resident birds
1. Biodiversity conservation in transformed landscapes is becoming increasingly important. However, most assessments of the value of modified habitats rely heavily on species presence and/or abundance, masking ecological processes such as habitat selection and phenomena like ecological traps, which may render species persistence uncertain. High species richness has been documented in tropical agroforestry systems but comparisons with native habitat remnants generally lack detailed information on species demography and habitat use. 2. We generated a multi-species, multi-measure framework to evaluate the role of habitat selection in the adaptation of species to transformed landscapes, and demonstrate that its use could affect how we value the contribution different land uses make to biodiversity conservation. 3. We analyzed seven years of capture-mark-recapture and observation data for twelve species of resident birds present in native forest remnants and shade coffee plantations in a mega-diverse region. We assessed whether species behaved adaptively by evaluating the correlation between measures of habitat preference (occurrence, abundance, fidelity, inter-seasonal variance and age) and performance (body condition, muscle, primary molt, breeding and juveniles) in forest and coffee, and generated hypotheses about their role in species persistence. 4. We documented adaptive habitat selection for seven species, non-ideal selection for four, and maladaptive selection for one. While many species showed equal-preference and/or equal performance in many traits, in general we found more evidence for birds preferring and/or performing better in forest than coffee, although relationships between our indicators and population adaptation need to be studied further before our proposed framework can be applied to more species and landscapes. 5. While shade coffee can act as a biodiversity-friendly matrix providing complementary or supplementary habitat to a wide range of resident bird species, protecting remnants of native vegetation is still of paramount importance for biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes. 28-Aug-2019
Data and modeling results for publication: Landscape genetics indicate recently increased habitat fragmentation in African forest-associated chafers
<ul> <li>DNA sequences: <em>cox1</em> and ITS1 alignments</li> <li>spatial records (in hypervolume archive)</li> <li>spatial principal component 1-3 used for <em>hypervolume</em> models (in hypervolume archive)</li> <li>Present and past species distribution models (SDMs): <ul> <li><em>biomod2</em> ensemble SDMs <ul> <li>Present</li> <li>Holocene Altithermal</li> <li>Last Glacial Maximum</li> </ul> </li> <li><em>biomod2</em> SDMs for single PMIP3 models <ul> <li>Present</li> <li>Holocene Altithermal</li> <li>Last Glacial Maximum</li> </ul> </li> <li><em>hypervolume</em> SDMs</li> </ul> </li> <li>landscape connectivity models <ul> <li>circuitscape (for F0, F1, and F2)</li> <li>least cost corridors and paths (for F0, F1, and F2)</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
FIGURES 1 – 6. Adults and male genitalia. 1 in A new species of Schinia Hübner from riparian habitats in the Grand Canyon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Heliothinae)
FIGURES 1 – 6. Adults and male genitalia. 1, Schinia immaculata, male, Arizona, Coconino Co. Colorado River, Grand Canyon, river mile 166.5 L, USNMENT 00229965; 2, S biundulata, female, Nevada, Humboldt Co. Sulphur, USNMENT 00220807; 3, S. immaculata, male genitalia; 4, S. immaculata, aedoeagus; 5, S. biundulata, male genitalia; 6, S. biundulata, aedoeagus.
FIGURE 1. Chiridota heheva new species. Approximately 4 in Chiridota heheva, new species, from Western Atlantic deepsea cold seeps and anthropogenic habitats (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida)
FIGURE 1. Chiridota heheva new species. Approximately 4 individuals in situ near whitish bacterial mats (?) at Florida Escarpment seep site, eastern Gulf of Mexico, 3,270 meters. Alvin Dive 1343. Approximate diameter of body 5 mm. Photo, S. Golubic.
FIGURE 3. A – C, E – J in Chiridota heheva, new species, from Western Atlantic deepsea cold seeps and anthropogenic habitats (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida)
FIGURE 3. A – C, E – J, Chiridota heheva new species; D, Chiridota laevis (Fabricius). A, Left ventral radial piece from calcareous ring. Note absence of perforation for radial nerve. Length of piece 1. 9 mm. B, Right ventral interradial piece from calcareous ring; length of piece 1. 6 mm. C, Bipartite right dorsal radial piece from calcareous ring. Note absence of perforation for radial nerve. Length of piece 2. 7 mm. D, Chiridota laevis (Fabricius), bipartite right dorsal radial piece from calcareous ring. Note perforation for radial nerve. Length of piece mm. 1.6 mm. E, Rods from tentacles. Length of longest rod 177 µm. F, Inner surface of wheel from wheel papilla. Diameter of wheel 186 µm. G, Outer surface of wheel from wheel papilla. Diameter of wheel 154 µm. H, Three wheels from wheel papillae, two showing inner surface, one showing outer surface. Largest wheel abnormal in having teeth on margin of inner rim. Diameter of largest wheel 184 µm. I, Wheel in lateral view. Diameter of wheel 132 µm. J, Wheel in slightly oblique view. Diameter of wheel 190 µm.
FIGURE 2. Chiridota heheva new species. A in Chiridota heheva, new species, from Western Atlantic deepsea cold seeps and anthropogenic habitats (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida)
FIGURE 2. Chiridota heheva new species. A, At Bathymodiolus heckeri mussel beds, Blake Ridge, closeup view showing anterior end of body with white spots (wheel papillae), and extended tentacles. Note fingerlike digits forming a fringe around tentacle terminal disc. Approximate diameter of tentacle stem 1 mm. From Van Dover et al., 2003, with permission. B, One individual at Bathymodiolus heckeri mussel beds, Blake Ridge, showing conspicuous white spots (wheel papillae) against bluish ground color of body wall. Approximate diameter of body 5 mm. Shrimp at right center is Alvinocaris sp. From Van Dover et al., 2003, with permission. C, At Central America wreck showing conspicuous white spots (wheel papillae) against bluish ground color of body wall. Image taken from videotape, Charles E. Herdendorf. Size of specimen unknown. D, At Central America wreck, showing extended feeding tentacles with conspicuous, discrete digits. Size of specimen unknown. Image taken from videotape, Charles E. Herdendorf. E, Oral field with 12 tentacles in a partially contracted state. Note absence of a “ ventral gap ” between tentacles. Long axis of mouth is 2 mm. F, Closeup view of contracted tentacles showing infolded digits. G, Partially contracted tentacle showing discrete digits. Approximate length of digits 1. 5 mm.
FIGURE 8 in The nymph, habitat, and status of Eatonigenia in China (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae)
FIGURE 8. Egg of E. zhangi sp. nov. (SEM photo): A. shape and micropyle; B. Partial enlarged detail.
FIGURE 6 in The nymph, habitat, and status of Eatonigenia in China (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae)
FIGURE 6. Imaginal structures of E. zhangi sp. nov. (digital photos): A. Forewing; B. Hindwing; C. Genitalia; D. Penes; E. Sclerotized projections of gonopores
FIGURE 5 in The nymph, habitat, and status of Eatonigenia in China (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae)
FIGURE 5. Nymphal structures of E. zhangi sp. nov. (digital photos): A. Head of nymph; B. Foreclaw; C. Foreleg; D. Midleg; E. Hindleg; F. Labrum (dorsal); G. Labrum (ventral); H. Maxilla; I. Gill 1; J. Gill 3
Data from: Area of habitat maps and validated occurrences for neotropical birds of conservation concern
<p>Understanding species distributions is essential for advancing bird conservation, especially in the rapidly changing landscapes of the Neotropics, where habitat loss and degradation are accelerating. Area of Habitat (AOH) maps offer valuable spatial tools for illustrating species distributions by highlighting potentially suitable habitats within their geographic range. In this study, we generated AOH maps for 713 neotropical bird species of conservation concern, which includes species listed as globally or nationally threatened, endemic, or with restricted ranges. Using primary biodiversity data and a structured geospatial workflow, we refined approximately 2.5 million occurrence records through a flagging process and validated 50,743 records manually.<strong> </strong>This unparalleled effort led to the creation of high-quality AOH maps, along with altitude-corrected Extent of Occurrence (EOO-DEM) and Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) range maps. Our AOH maps significantly improved species distribution predictions for 82% of species, over EOO-DEM maps. The validated occurrences and AOH maps produced in this study have wide-ranging applications, providing a valuable basis for the development of new species distribution models and for evaluating species’ natural history, extinction risk, and habitat threats. They also support the identification of priority areas for strategic conservation investments. Importantly, these maps played a key role in systematic conservation planning analyses for the Conserva Aves initiative, which is facilitating the creation of more than 80 new protected areas across Latin America, safeguarding 2 million hectares and improving the management of an additional 2 million hectares (<a href="https://conserva-aves.org/">https://conserva-aves.org/</a>).</p>
Grazing halos reveal differential ecosystem vulnerabilities in vegetated habitats
<p>Minguito-Frutos_etal_2024.xlsx contains the data to explore the relationship between habitat productivity and sea urchin consumption under different contexts. This relationship is represented by individually-produced sea urchin grazing halos, which are influenced by biotic and abiotic factors. </p> <p>Minguito-Frutos_etal_2024.R contains the R reproducible code to run all the analyses carried out in this study. </p> <p>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p> <p><strong>Minguito-Frutos_etal_2025.R</strong> contains the code used in the final version of the manuscript accepted for publication in <em>Ecology</em>. This script includes the final specifications of the linear mixed models (LMMs) fitted in the study, along with all statistical evaluations and the corresponding visualizations.</p>
EUNIS Habitat Maps: Enhancing Thematic and Spatial Resolution for Europe through Machine Learning
<p>The EUNIS habitat classification is essential for categorising European habitats and supporting European policy on nature conservation and to implement the Nature Restoration Law. As such, to meet the growing demand for detailed and accurate habitat information, we provide spatial predictions for 260+ EUNIS habitat types at EUNIS level 3, together with validation and uncertainty analyses. </p> <p>More specifically, using ensemble machine learning models together with high-resolution satellite imagery and other climatic, terrain and soil variables, we produced an European habitat map at a 100-m resolution indicating the most likely EUNIS habitat at level 3 for every location across Europe. Predictions were validated for three independent countries, namely for France, the Netherlands and Austria. We also provide information on uncertainty and the most probable habitats at level 3 within each EUNIS level 1 formation. Products can be further refined with accurate and local land cover data. This product is thus likely to be particularly useful for restoration but also conservation purposes. </p> <p>Figure: <strong>Wall-to-wall map of EUNIS habitats at level 3 - (color coded at level 2 for visibility)</strong></p> <p></p>
Supplementary data and code from: Significant decline in habitat specialists in semi-dry grasslands over four decades
<h2>Supplementary code and data to the article:</h2><p>Klinkovská K., Sperandii M. G., Trávníček B. & Chytrý M. (2023) Significant decline in habitat specialists in semi-dry grasslands over four decades. Biodiversity and Conservation. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02740-6">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02740-6</a></p><h3>Data</h3><p>The data contain plant species composition data from resurveyed vegetation plots in the Central Moravian Carpathians (Czech Republic, 49°06'04''–49°13'31''N, 16°56'58''–17°20'47''E). The dataset comprises 90 vegetation plots first surveyed in 1985 and 1986 by Bohumil Trávníček (Trávníček 1987), and resurveyed in 2022 by Klára Klinkovská. Of these, 40 were inside protected areas and 50 were outside. To locate the historical plots as accurately as possible, a description of the location of each plot was used along with information on slope, aspect, elevation, and dominant species. In 2022, the geographical coordinates of each plot were measured using GPS with a location uncertainty of 3–5 m. All plots were squares of 16 m2.</p><p>The total percentage cover of vascular plants and bryophytes was recorded in each plot, and cover of individual vascular plant species was estimated using the seven-grade Braun-Blanquet scale in the 1980s and the nine-grade Braun-Blanquet scale in 2022 (Westhoff and van der Maarel 1978). The nine-grade scale divides degree 2 of the seven-grade scale into three grades, while the scales remain compatible.</p><p>In 2022, soil samples were collected from four places approximately in the middle of each quarter of the plot, below the litter layer at a depth of 5–10 cm. Mixed samples from each vegetation plot were dried at room temperature and sieved. A suspension with distilled water (weight ratio 1:2.5) was shaken in the Biosan PSU-10i orbital shaker for 5 minutes at 280 rpm and, after 5 hours, soil pH was measured using the HACH HQ40D digital multimeter.</p><p>The header data structure follows that of the ReSurveyEurope Database (<a href="http://euroveg.org/eva-database-re-survey-europe">http://euroveg.org/eva-database-re-survey-europe</a>).</p><p>The data on species composition and environmental variables are provided in two formats:</p><p>Turboveg 2 database (see <a href="https://www.synbiosys.alterra.nl/turboveg/">https://www.synbiosys.alterra.nl/turboveg/</a>) TurbovegDbBackup_Cz_0019_47.zip (<a href="https://euroveg.org/resurvey_metadata/CZ_0019_047.pdf">https://euroveg.org/resurvey_metadata/CZ_0019_047.pdf</a>). For using this dataset in Turboveg, the database dictionary (TurbovegDdBackup_Default_dictionary.zip) and the species list (TurbovegSlBackup_Czechia_slovakia_2015.zip) must be installed.</p><p>Three CSV files with columns separated by commas:</p><p>Klinkovska_et_al_semi_dry_grasslands_S_Moravia_species.csv contains the percentage covers of plant species in the plots, which are mid-values for cover-abundance categories of the seven-grade Braun-Blanquet scale. Plant nomenclature was harmonised according to Danihelka et al. (2012).</p><p>Klinkovska_et_al_semi_dry_grasslands_S_Moravia_species_data.csv contains ecological indicator values and information on the Red List status (Grulich 2017), alien species (Pyšek et al. 2022) and species diagnostic for the alliances Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati and Bromion erecti (Chytrý et al. 2007).</p><p>Klinkovska_et_al_semi_dry_grasslands_S_Moravia_head.csv contains header data for the vegetation plots.</p><p>These data are also stored in the Czech National Phytosociological Database (Chytrý & Rafajová 2003; <a href="https://botzool.cz/vegsci/phytosociologicalDb">https://botzool.cz/vegsci/phytosociologicalDb</a>) and the ReSurveyEurope database (Knollová et al. 2023; <a href="http://euroveg.org/eva-database-re-survey-europe">http://euroveg.org/eva-database-re-survey-europe</a>).</p><h3>Scripts</h3><ul><li>Script_1.R: Transitions between vegetation types, changes in species richness, proportions of threatened species, specialists and alien species per plot</li><li>Script_2.R: Changes in species composition and ecological indicator values</li><li>Script_3.R: Temporal beta-diversity indices</li></ul>
Figs. 1-3. Hebrus murphyi, new species. 1 in Hebrus Murphyi, New Species (Heteroptera: Hebridae) From An Intertidal Mangrove Habitat In Burias Island, Philippines
Figs. 1-3. Hebrus murphyi, new species. 1. Habitus of male, dorsal aspect. 2. Head, lateral aspect. 3. Left paramere of male, lateral aspect.
FIGURE 4. Gammarus shirazinus n in tacea, Amphipoda) from warm springs in the south-east pre-alpine area of the Zagros, Iran: habitats with physiological challenges. Zootaxa, 2546, 31-51.
FIGURE 4. Gammarus shirazinus n. sp., holotype, ♂, 22 mm., from Pole-Berenji spring, S of Shiraz. A: pereopod 5, B: pereopod 6, C: pereopod 7, D: urosomites, E: epimeral plates, and F: uropod 3.
Data for: Speciation in kleptoparasites of oak gall wasps often correlates with shifts into new tree habitats, tree organs, or gall morphospace
<p><span>Host shifts to new plants can drive speciation for plant-feeding insects, but how commonly do host shifts also drive diversification for the parasites of those same insects? Oak gall wasps induce galls on oak trees, and shifts to novel tree hosts and new tree organs have been implicated as drivers of oak gall wasp speciation. Gall wasps are themselves attacked by many insect parasites, which must find their hosts on the correct tree species and organ, but which also must navigate the morphologically variable galls with which they interact. Thus, we ask whether host shifts to new trees, organs, or gall morphologies correlate with gall parasite diversification. We delimit species and infer phylogenies for two genera of gall kleptoparasites, <em>Synergus</em> and <em>Ceroptres</em>, reared from a variety of North American oak galls. We find that most species were reared from galls induced by just one gall wasp species, and no parasite species was reared from galls of more than four species. Most kleptoparasite divergence events correlate with shifts to non-ancestral galls. These shifts often involved changes in tree habitat, gall location, and gall morphology. Host shifts are thus implicated in driving diversification for both oak gall wasps and their kleptoparasitic associates.</span></p>
Fig. 1 in Flower-visiting behaviour and habitats of the taxa of the Andrena wollastoni group (Hymenoptera, Anthophila, Micrandrena) on the Canary Islands compared to the Madeira Archipelago *
Fig. 1: (a) Typical crop-field margin with Hirschfeldia incana and Calendula arvensis, both frequently visited by Andrena catula (northern part of Gran Canaria, Zone IIb, 12th March 2018); photo: A. Schwabe. (b) Slope with ruderal vegetation (H. incana, frequently visited by A. g. gomerensis; additionally, Echium plantagineum and Psoralea bituminosa can be seen) with a grazed vegetation complex in the background (La Gomera, Zone IIb, 24th April 2016); photo: A. Schwabe. c: Road margin in the Teno area, with H. incana (frequently visited by A. a. tenoensis; additionally, E. plantagineum and Galactites tomentosus) (Tenerife, Zone IIA, 21st April 2016); photo: A. Schwabe. (d) A. a. tenoensis (female), collecting pollen on H. incana (margin of a small trail in the Teno area) (Tenerife, Zone IIA, 21st April 2016); photo: A. Schwabe.
Fig. 2 in Flower-visiting behaviour and habitats of the taxa of the Andrena wollastoni group (Hymenoptera, Anthophila, Micrandrena) on the Canary Islands compared to the Madeira Archipelago *
Fig. 2: (a) Habitat of the 'Cordillera Dorsal' species Descurainia lemsii, which is frequently visited by A. a. wildpreti (upper pine forest complex with rocky slopes, Zone III). Bottom right (not visited by A. a. wildpreti): Sideritis oroteneriffae ('Cordillera Dorsal' species); foreground: Adenocarpus viscosus (Tenerife, Montaña Ayosa; 22nd May 2019); photo: A. Schwabe. (b) Close-up of flowering and fruiting D. lemsii on a margin of rocky slopes in the Pinus canariensis forest complex (Tenerife, Montaña Ayosa; 26th May 2019); photo: A. Schwabe. (c) A. a. wildpreti (female, body length 7.7 mm); site and date of Fig. 2b; photo: A. Kratochwil. (d) Habitat of A. lineolata, visiting mainly D. bourgaeana (foreground) and Cytisus supranubius (white, background) (Tenerife, below Izaña, Teide area; Zone IV; 21st May 2019); photo: A. Schwabe.
Fig. 5 in Habitat Preferences And Activity Patterns Of The Larger Mammal Community In Phnom Prich Wildlife Sanctuary, Cambodia
Fig. 5. Mean Relative Abundance Indice (± SEM) for 12 most frequently encountered mammal species in PPWS at camera trap locations closer (black bars) and further (open bars) than 11-km from nearest village. RM red muntjac; EWP Eurasian wild pig; B banteng; E Asian elephant; LIC large Indian civet; EAP east Asian porcupine; L leopard; CPC common palm civet; D dhole; LC leopard cat; G gaur; and PTM pig-tailed macaque.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.