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Figs 24–27 in Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys

Figs 24–27. Physocyclus mariachi sp. nov. Male (holotype). 24–25. Detail of chelicerae, frontal and lateral views, respectively. 26. Details of procursus, embolus and embolic sclerites of left palp, retrolateral view. 27. Detail of bulb, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figs 20–23 in Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys

Figs 20–23. Physocyclus mariachi sp. nov. Male (holotype). 20–22. Left palp, prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views, respectively. 23. Bulb of male palp, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figs 14–19 in Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys

Figs 14–19. Physocyclus mariachi sp. nov. Male (holotype). 14–16. Habitus in dorsal, lateral and ventral views, respectively. 17. Carapace, frontal view. 18, 19. Chelicerae in frontal and lateral views, respectively. Scale bars: 14–16 = 1 mm; 17–19 = 0.5 mm.

Figs 8–13 in Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys

Figs 8–13. Typical habitats of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 from Mexico. 8. Deciduous forests (Nayarit). 9–10. Oasis in desert (Baja California Sur). 11. Cave entrance located in a deciduous forest (Guerrero). 12. Thorny scrub with columnar cacti (Guanajuato). 13. Xerophilous scrub (Baja California Sur).

Figs 1–7 in Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys

Figs 1–7. Live specimens of the spider genus Physocyclus. 1. Male of Physocyclus darwini Valdez- Mondragón, 2010. 2, 5. Males of P. michoacanus Valdez-Mondragón, 2010. 3. Female and juveniles of P. dugesi Simon, 1893. 4. Male of P. dugesi. 6. Male of P. reddelli Gertsch, 1971. 7. Female of P. globosus (Taczanowski, 1874), holding the ovisac. Photos 6 and 7 by Bernhard A. Huber (2019).

Figs 38–43 in Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys

Figs 38–43. Physocyclus sikuapu sp. nov. Male (holotype). 38–40. Habitus in dorsal, lateral and ventral views, respectively. 41. Carapace in frontal view. 42–43. Chelicerae in frontal and lateral views, respectively. Scale bars: 38–40 = 1 mm; 41–43 = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 34–37 in Four new species of the spider genus Physocyclus Simon, 1893 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Mexico, with updated taxonomic identification keys

Fig. 34–37. Unpublished drawings of P. mariachi sp. nov. (= P. "nayaritus") made by W.J. Gertsch, archived at AMNH. 34. Male palp in retrolateral view. 35–36. Left male chelicerae in frontal and retrolateral views, respectively. 37. Female epigynum, dorsal view

Fig. 10 in The Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Brazil: taxonomic novelties, identification key, and illustrated list of species

Fig. 10. Species of Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) from the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park. A. Syngonanthus densifolius var. brachyphyllus Moldenke. B. S. densifolius var. majus Moldenke. C. S. hensoldiae M.T.C.Watan. & Sano. D. S. heteropeplus (Körn.) Ruhland. E. S. humboldtii (Kunth) Ruhland. F. S. nitens (Bong.) Ruhland. G. S. vittatus M.T.C.Watan. & Echtern. H. S. widgrenianus (Körn.) Ruhland.

Fig. 9 in The Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Brazil: taxonomic novelties, identification key, and illustrated list of species

Fig. 9. Species of Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) from the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park. A. Paepalanthus subtilis Miq. B. P. trichophyllus (Bong.) Körn.. C. P. urbanianus Ruhland. D. Syngonanthus cabralensis Silveira. E. S. caulescens (Poir.) Ruhland. F. S. cuyabensis (Bong.) Giul., Hensold & L.R.Parra. G. S. davidsei Huft. H. S. decorus Moldenke.

Fig. 8 in The Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Brazil: taxonomic novelties, identification key, and illustrated list of species

Fig. 8. Species of Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) from the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park. A. Paepalanthus macer Trovó. B. P. modestus Trovó. C. P. niger (Moldenke) Trovó. D. P. politus Trovó stat. et nom. nov. E. P. polytrichoides Kunth. F. P. scandens Ruhland. G. P. sphaerocephalus Ruhland. H. P. stellatus Trovó.

Fig. 4 in The Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Brazil: taxonomic novelties, identification key, and illustrated list of species

Fig. 4. Paepalanthus irwinii Trovó & Echtern. sp. nov. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence and reproductive apex detail. C. Capitulum detail. D. Involucral bract, abaxial surface. E. Floral bract, abaxial surface. F. Staminate flower. G. Staminate flower with sepals removed and corolla opened. H. Pistillate flower. I. Petal of the pistillate flower, abaxial surface. J. Gynoecium. (M.L.O. Trovó et al. 706 – RB).

Fig. 6 in The Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Brazil: taxonomic novelties, identification key, and illustrated list of species

Fig. 6. Species of Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) from the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park. A. Actinocephalus brevifolius Trovó & Echtern. sp. nov. B. A. phaeocephalus (Ruhland) F.N.Costa. C. Comanthera dimera Echtern.. D. Paepalanthus acanthophyllus Ruhland. E. P. amphibius Trovó. F. P. atratus (Moldenke) L.E.F.Silva & Trovó. G. P. bifidus (Schrad.) Kunth. H. P. campanulatus Trovó.

Fig. 5 in The Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Brazil: taxonomic novelties, identification key, and illustrated list of species

Fig. 5. Paepalanthus irwinii Trovó & Echtern. sp. nov. A. Habitat. B. Habitat detail. C. Habit. D. Reproductive axis detail. E. Sprouting rosettes. F. Rosette detail.

Fig. 2 in The Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Brazil: taxonomic novelties, identification key, and illustrated list of species

Fig. 2. Actinocephalus brevifolius Trovó & Echtern. sp. nov.. A. Habit. B. Rosette detail. C. Paraclade apex detail. D. Capitulum detail. E. Involucral bract, abaxial surface. F. Floral bract, abaxial surface. G. Staminate flower. H. Staminate flower with sepals removed and corolla opened. I. Pistillate flower. J. Petal of the pistillate flower, abaxial surface. K. Gynoecium. (M.L.O. Trovó et al. 774 – RB).

Fig. 1 in The Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Brazil: taxonomic novelties, identification key, and illustrated list of species

Fig. 1. The Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park: boundaries, topography, and relevant locations according to delimitation provided by Brazilian Ministry of the Environment (2017). The small blue areas enclosed in the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park boundaries are two conservation units prior to the recent park expansion and one area designated to host a transmission antenna.

Fig. 3 in The Paepalanthoideae (Eriocaulaceae) of the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Brazil: taxonomic novelties, identification key, and illustrated list of species

Fig. 3. Actinocephalus brevifolius Trovó & Echtern. sp. nov. A. Habitat. B. Habitat detail. C. Habit. D. Habit detail. E. Rosette and paraclade detail. F. Spathe detail. G. Capitulum detail, view from above. H. Capitulum detail, view from below.

Figs 224–228. Elytra. 224 in New World genera of Galerucinae Latreille, 1802 (tribes Galerucini Latreille, 1802, Metacyclini Chapuis, 1875, and Luperini Gistel, 1848): an annotated list and identification key (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Figs 224–228. Elytra. 224. Iucetima minor (Bechyné, 1954), showing elytral costae. 225. Phyllobrotica sororia Horn, 1896, showing extreme reduction of epipleuron. 226. Malacorhinus foveipennis (Jacoby, 1879), showing elytral fovea and modification. 227. Paratriarius sp., showing elytral modification. 228. Pseudodiabrotica metallica Jacoby, 1892, showing elytral modification.

Figs 201–207. 201 in New World genera of Galerucinae Latreille, 1802 (tribes Galerucini Latreille, 1802, Metacyclini Chapuis, 1875, and Luperini Gistel, 1848): an annotated list and identification key (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Figs 201–207. 201. Cornuventer tuberculatus (Blake, 1942) comb. nov., abdomen, ventral view, showing paired abdominal appendages. 202. Leptonesiotes cyanospila (Suffrian, 1867), posterior portion of body, ventral view, showing enlarged hind femur and preapically notched middle tibia. 203. Keitheatus blakeae (White, 1944), ventral view showing flattened hind basitarsi. 204. Brucita sp., distal portion of male front leg, showing small tubercle at base of basitarsus. 205. Aristobrotica?belemea (Gahan, 1891), middle leg of male, showing clasping organ. 206. Carpiradialis pueblensis Niño-Maldonado & Clark, 2020, hind leg of male, showing modified distal portion of tibia. 207. Prathapanius fortis Viswajyothi & Clark, 2020, anterior portion of body, lateral view, showing enlarged forefemur and spine on front trochanter.

Figs 183–188. Pronotal shapes, dorsal views. 183 in New World genera of Galerucinae Latreille, 1802 (tribes Galerucini Latreille, 1802, Metacyclini Chapuis, 1875, and Luperini Gistel, 1848): an annotated list and identification key (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Figs 183–188. Pronotal shapes, dorsal views. 183. Socorroita carinipennis (Bowditch, 1923). 184. Socorroita elvira Bechyné, 1956. 185. Masurius sp. 186. Dircema?nigripenne (Fabricius, 1792). 187. Malacorhinus foveipennis (Jacoby, 1879). 188. Ophraea rugosa Jacoby, 1886.

Figs 144–152. 144. Syphaxia maculata Jacoby, 1899, simple claws. 145 in New World genera of Galerucinae Latreille, 1802 (tribes Galerucini Latreille, 1802, Metacyclini Chapuis, 1875, and Luperini Gistel, 1848): an annotated list and identification key (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Figs 144–152. 144. Syphaxia maculata Jacoby, 1899, simple claws. 145. Pyesexora sp., appendiculate claws. 146. Monocesta coryli (Say, 1824), bifid claws. 147. Diorhabda carinulata (Desbrochers des Loges, 1870), bifid claws. 148. Pyesexora sp., basal spur of aedeagus present.149. Scelolyperus cyanellus (LeConte, 1865), basal spur of aedeagus absent. 150. Galeruca costatissima Blake, 1945, closed procoxal cavities. 151. Erynephala puncticollis (Say, 1824), open procoxal cavities. 152. Platycesta depressa (Viswajyothi & Clark, 2021), open procoxal cavities.