Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
255
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
255 results for “Sea stars”
Cannibalism of newly-metamorphosed juvenile sea stars
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Cannibalism is widespread across the animal kingdom, occurring in more than 1300 species of invertebrates and vertebrates across terrestrial and aquatic habitats (Fox, 1975; Polis, 1981; Elgar and Crespi, 1992). Cannibalism, defined as the consumption of all or part of a conspecific individual, can occur during multiple stages in the life cycle of an organism (Elgar and Crespi, 1992). As such, cannibalism potentially affects animal behavior, life history strategies, population size and reproductive success (Cushing et al., 2015). Intra- and inter-specific competition, overcrowding, lack of food, or poor quality food are all stressors that induce cannibalistic behavior (Elgar et al., 1992). Cannibalistic individuals should even be selected for since those individuals would gain nutritional resources with high stoichiometric compatibility and face decreased intraspecific competition (MacArthur et al., 1966; Mitra & Flynn, 2005). Acquisition of high quality nutrients and reduced competition lead to increased growth efficiency and survivorship (Mitra & Flynn, 2005), so cannibals are more likely to survive high conspecific recruitment years and low prey recruitment years. As a result, cannibalistic individuals are more likely to successfully reproduce and spread cannibalistic tendencies throughout their population, a strategy that has recently been shown to be evolutionarily stable (Cushing et al., 2015). While cannibalism is therefore both predicted and observed to be widespread in nature, we have recently observed cannibalism in an unexpected setting: among newly metamorphosed juvenile sea stars (Figure 1; VideoS1). Cannibalism among juveniles has been reported in Arachnids, Insects, Amphibians and Reptiles (reviewed by Elgar and Crispi, 1992), but has only rarely been reported or described in marine invertebrates (but see Byrne, 1996). </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Fig. 2 in Distinct Size and Distribution Patterns of the Sand-sifting Sea Star, Archaster typicus, in an Urbanised Marine Environment
Fig. 2. (a) Arm length (mm) of all sea stars measured across all three Singapore sites. (b) Arm length (mm) of sea stars at each site (HAN: Pulau Hantu, PSL: Pulau Subar Laut, SJI: St John's Island).
Fig. 4 in Distinct Size and Distribution Patterns of the Sand-sifting Sea Star, Archaster typicus, in an Urbanised Marine Environment
Fig. 4. Sediment proportions across sites and between months showing greater proportions of coarse material at PSL (HAN: Pulau Hantu, PSL: Pulau Subar Laut, SJI: St John's Island). © 2018 Academia Sinica, Taiwan
Fig. 3 in Distinct Size and Distribution Patterns of the Sand-sifting Sea Star, Archaster typicus, in an Urbanised Marine Environment
Fig. 3. Nearest Neighbour Index (NNI) values of transects across months showing generally clustered populations of A. typicus at the transect level. Red dashed line (NNI = 1) indicates a random distribution, with values above 1 indicating dispersion and values below 1 indicating clustering (HAN: Pulau Hantu, PSL: Pulau Subar Laut, SJI: St John's Island).
Fig. 1 in Distinct Size and Distribution Patterns of the Sand-sifting Sea Star, Archaster typicus, in an Urbanised Marine Environment
Fig. 1. Map of Singapore with enlarged portion highlighting three study sites off the southern coast of mainland Singapore (HAN: Pulau Hantu, PSL: Pulau Subar Laut, and SJI: St John's Island) (adapted from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Singapore_Outline. svg).
FIGURE 4. Halityle regularis Fisher, 1913 in A new species of Neoferdina and three new records of sea stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) collected from Kumejima Island, southwestern Japan*
FIGURE 4. Halityle regularis Fisher, 1913 (RUMF-ZE-00035): A, abactinal view of entire animal in living condition; B, actinal view of entire animal in living condition; C, close-up of the proximal odd plate on the actinal surface showing the smooth surface, and coarse granules surrounding the plate; D, adambulacral armature on the 14th–13th adambulacral plates with arrows indicating the lanceolate pedicellariae (proximal region is on the right). Scales: A, B = 50 mm; C, D = 2 mm.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Neoferdina and three new records of sea stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) collected from Kumejima Island, southwestern Japan*
FIGURE 2. Calliaster elegans Döderlein, 1922 (RUMF-ZE-00033): A, abactinal view of entire animal in living condition; B, close-up of the abactinal surface; C, close-up of the actinal surface; D, paddle-like pedicellariae on the actinal plates indicated by arrows. Scales: A = 5 mm; B, C = 2 mm; D = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 1. Patagiaster sphaerioplax Fisher, 1913 in A new species of Neoferdina and three new records of sea stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) collected from Kumejima Island, southwestern Japan*
FIGURE 1. Patagiaster sphaerioplax Fisher, 1913 (RUMF-ZE-00032): A, abactinal view of entire animal in living condition; B, denuded actinal surface showing the 5 odd plates on the interradial midline. Scales: A = 10 mm; B = 2 mm.
Variable energy storage and growth in the sea star Pisaster ochraceus
<p>The complete data set describes environmentally based variation in size-specific energy storage (dry mass pyloric caeca/dry body mass) and growth of live mass of the intertidal sea star <em>Pisaster ochraceus </em>in British Columbia, Canada. Variation in energy storage and live mass correspond to (1) naturally occurring or (2) experimentally induced changes in the zonation of their prey, the sea mussel <em>Mytilus californianus</em> and associated species. The relevant features of mussel zonation are the depth (vertical distance from a fixed tidal datum) of the lower boundary and the species/size composition of the lower boundary. Downward extensions of the boundaries comprised of masses of relatively young mussels incurred the greatest increases in energy storage and live mass.</p> <p>Data are presented in 4 files:</p> <p>(1) <em>Energy storage - Observational study</em>. Variation in energy storage at three sites sampled at irregular intervals from 2008 to 2014. Variables include live mass, dry mass of viscera, and dry mass of the remainder of the body of individual <em>Pisaster ochraceus</em>. Sample dates were chosen to represent natural inter-annual variation in mussel zonation, rather than tracking continuous time courses. </p> <p>(2) <em>Storage-boundary depth relationships</em>. Variables derived from observational study and include summary measures of energy storage (slope of the linear regression of dry viscera mass to dry body mass, for dry body masses< 120 g); boundary depth (vertical distance from tidal datum); and the qualitative composition of the lower boundary.</p> <p>(3) <em>Energy storage and live mass - Experimental study</em>. Records were made after 1-3 years of experimental manipulation of the mussel boundaries on experimental sites. Variables include initial live mass, final live mass, dry mass of viscera, and dry mass of the remainder of the body of individual <em>Pisaster ochraceus</em> recaptured in the three large-scale replicates of the translocation experiment. </p> <p>(4) <em>Boundary depth - Experimental study</em>. Variables include the type of boundary manipulation, the change in boundary shore levels with respect to conventional tidal data, the resulting composition of the lower boundary, and years of manipulation. </p> <p>Further information on-site locations, methods of data acquisition, and definitions of the variables appear in Methods and Usage Notes below.</p>
FIGURE 3 in Asteroschema sampadae (Ophiuroidea: Asteroschematinae), a new deep-sea brittle star from the continental slope off the southern tip of India
FIGURE 3. Asteroschema sampadae sp.nov., holotype (CMLRE IO/SS/ECD/00021). A. arm in lateral view, middle of arm showing arm spines (left=dorsal, right=ventral), B. arm in lateral view, distal end of arm (left=dorsal, right=ventral), C. inner arm spine from middle of arm, showing terminal projections on inner edge (arrow), D. outer arm spine from middle of arm, showing terminal projections on inner edge (arrow), E. SEM image of tip of inner arm spine from middle of arm, F. SEM image of outer arm spine from middle of arm spine, G. hook-shaped arm spine from distal end of arm. Abbreviations: IS, inner arm spine; OS, outer arm spine; HS, hooked spines.
FIGURE 2 in Asteroschema sampadae (Ophiuroidea: Asteroschematinae), a new deep-sea brittle star from the continental slope off the southern tip of India
FIGURE 2. Asteroschema sampadae sp. nov., A–C. live specimens, D–F. Holotype (CMLRE IO/SS/ECD/00021). A. entire organism, B. aboral view of disc, C. oral side of disc showing genital slits (arrow), D. holotype (CMLRE) conical epidermal ossicles on the aboral side of the arm (arrows), E. oral side of arm base, showing minute granular epidermal ossicles (arrow), F. conical epidermal ossicle from the aboral side of the arm, with terminal projections (arrow).
FIGURE 9 in A new species of crown-of-thorns sea star, Acanthaster benziei sp. nov. (Valvatida Acanthasteridae), from the Red Sea
FIGURE 9. Oral pedicellariae, showing species-specific variation among (A) Acanthaster benziei sp. nov., (B) A. planci, (C) A. mauritiensis, and (D) A. cf. solaris.
FIGURE 7 in A new species of crown-of-thorns sea star, Acanthaster benziei sp. nov. (Valvatida Acanthasteridae), from the Red Sea
FIGURE 7. Typical latero-oral spines, showing species-specific variation among (A) Acanthaster benziei sp. nov., (B) A. planci, (C) A. mauritiensis, and (D) A. cf. solaris.
FIGURE 6 in A new species of crown-of-thorns sea star, Acanthaster benziei sp. nov. (Valvatida Acanthasteridae), from the Red Sea
FIGURE 6. Typical primary spines, showing species-specific variation among (A, B) Acanthaster benziei sp. nov., (C) A. planci, (D) A. mauritiensis, and (E) A. cf. solaris.
FIGURE 5 in A new species of crown-of-thorns sea star, Acanthaster benziei sp. nov. (Valvatida Acanthasteridae), from the Red Sea
FIGURE 5. Typical colouration of Acanthaster benziei sp. nov. (A) GW4081 (Paratype, hiding during the day under a crevice), Al-Lith, Saudi Arabia, (photo credit: Oliver Voigt), (B–D) Thuwal Reefs, Saudi Arabia (photo credit: Gert Wörheide). Approximate diameter of specimens is 25–30 cm.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of crown-of-thorns sea star, Acanthaster benziei sp. nov. (Valvatida Acanthasteridae), from the Red Sea
FIGURE 4. Acanthaster benziei sp. nov. (holotype GW4202) (A-B) Aboral spines, (C-F) oral spines and (G-H) pedicellariae of four adult specimens of Acanthaster benziei sp. nov.: (A) Primary spines, (B) Secondary spines, (C) Latero-oral spines, (D) Circumoral spines, (E) Oral spines, (F) Subambulacral spines, (G) Aboral pedicellariae, (H) Oral pedicellariae.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of crown-of-thorns sea star, Acanthaster benziei sp. nov. (Valvatida Acanthasteridae), from the Red Sea
FIGURE 2. Ethanol-preserved specimens of the type series. GW4202 (A) is the holotype, all the others (B–D) are paratypes. Note that individual GW4266 is a juvenile specimen. Size of labels 6 × 2 cm.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of crown-of-thorns sea star, Acanthaster benziei sp. nov. (Valvatida Acanthasteridae), from the Red Sea
FIGURE 1. Illustrations of pedicellariae and spines (A–C). A: Subambulacral spines, top: bundle with two equally long spines each, bottom: bundle with four unequal long spines; B: Aboral pedicellariae with two valves; C: Close up of part of one arm of paratype GW4081, showing three different spine types indicated by arrows: latero-oral spines (dark blue), oral spines (yellow), subambulacral spines (turquoise). The actinal pedicellariae (red) are associated with the first row of oral spines.
FIGURE 3. A in A new species of crown-of-thorns sea star, Acanthaster benziei sp. nov. (Valvatida Acanthasteridae), from the Red Sea
FIGURE 3. A: Indo-Pacific 'Acanthaster planci' species complex, COI ML tree based on the haplotype alignment of Vogler et al. (2008), supplemented with five samples from Israel (see text for details) extracted from full mitochondrial genome sequences from Yuasa et al. (2021) and four sequences of the type series of Acanthaster benziei sp. nov. (GW4xxx, highlighted in bold). The tree was rooted with Acanthaster brevispinus (accession number AB231476), showing the deep divergence among, and little diversity within, species/geographic clades. ML bootstrap values are above branches, bootstrap values of the NJ clustering of haplotypes below branches. B: Geographic distribution of COI-barcoded clades and of type localities of names (Figure 1 from Haszprunar et al. 2017): red—Red Sea (RS) species; blue—Southern Indian Ocean (SIO) species (A. mauritiensis); yellow—Northern Indian Ocean (NIO) species (A. planci); green—Pacific Ocean (PO) species (A. cf. solaris). Location of type localities of nominal Acanthaster species: asterisk—A. planci; cross—A. echinites; triangle—A. solaris, square—A. mauritiensis; circle—A. ellisii pseudoplanci; "?" - the type locality of A. ellisii was not specified: in South American waters of the East Pacific.
Two decades of change in sea star abundance at a subtidal site in Puget Sound, Washington
<p>Long-term datasets can reveal otherwise undetectable ecological trends, illuminating the historical context of contemporary ecosystem states. We used two decades (1997–2019) of scientific trawling data from a subtidal, benthic site in Puget Sound, Washington, USA to test for gradual trends and sudden shifts in total sea star abundance across 11 species. We specifically assessed whether this community responded to the sea star wasting disease (SSWD) epizootic, which began in 2013. We sampled at depths of 10, 25, 50 and 70 m near Port Madison, WA, and obtained long-term water temperature data. To account for species-level differences in SSWD susceptibility, we divided our sea star abundance data into two categories, depending on the extent to which the species is susceptible to SSWD, then conducted parallel analyses for high-susceptibility and moderate-susceptibility species. The abundance of high-susceptibility sea stars declined in 2014 across depths. In contrast, the abundance of moderate-susceptibility species trended downward throughout the years at the deepest depths – 50 and 70 m – and suddenly declined in 2006 across depths. Water temperature was positively correlated with the abundance of moderate-susceptibility species, and uncorrelated with high-susceptibility sea star abundance. The reported emergence of SSWD in Washington State in the summer of 2014 provides a plausible explanation for the subsequent decline in abundance of high-susceptibility species. However, no long-term stressors or mortality events affecting sea stars were reported in Washington State prior to these years, leaving the declines we observed in moderate-susceptibility species preceding the 2013–2015 SSWD epizootic unexplained. These results suggest that the subtidal sea star community in Port Madison is dynamic, and emphasizes the value of long-term datasets for evaluating patterns of change.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.