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Рис. 3. ÀенΑрограмма биоценотического схоΑства зоопΛанктона техногенных воΑоемов: 4–6 — ШерΛовогорское месторожΑение:4 — ШГ-10 — карьерное озеро, 5 — ШГ-8 — озеро поΑ отваΛами руΑного карьера, 6 — ШГ-9 — поΑпруΑное озеро у пгт. ШерΛовая Гора;7–8 — ОрΛовское месторожΑение: 7 — ОР-1, ОР-3 — хвостохраниΛище, 8 — ОР-7 — озеро ниже хвостохраниΛища; 9 — МаΛокуΛунΑинское месторожΑение: МК-2 — поΑпруΑное озеро р. МаΛая КуΛинΑа; 10 — Спокойнинское месторожΑение: ОР-8 — хвостохраниΛище; 11 — Жипкошинское месторожΑение: ЖП-2 — карьер Fig. 3. Dendrogram of zooplankton biocenotic similarity in technogenic reservoirs: 4–6 — Sherlovogorskoye deposit: 4 — ShG-10 pit lake, 5 — ShG-8, a lake under the dumps of an ore quarry, 6 — ShG-9 dammed lake near the village of Sherlovaya Gora;7 –8 — Orlovskoye deposit: O R-1, OR-3 — tailing dump, OR-7— lake below the tailing dump; 9 — Malokulundinskoye deposit: MK-2 — dammed lake on the Malaya Kulinda River; 10 — Spokoininskoye deposit: OR-8 — tailing dump; 11 — Zhipkoshinskoye deposit; ZhP-2 — pit lake in Zooplankton species diversity in technogenic reservoirs of the Southeastern Transbaikalia

Рис. 3. ÀенΑрограмма биоценотического схоΑства зоопΛанктона техногенных воΑоемов: 4–6 — ШерΛовогорское месторожΑение:4 — ШГ-10 — карьерное озеро, 5 — ШГ-8 — озеро поΑ отваΛами руΑного карьера, 6 — ШГ-9 — поΑпруΑное озеро у пгт. ШерΛовая Гора;7–8 — ОрΛовское месторожΑение: 7 — ОР-1, ОР-3 — хвостохраниΛище, 8 — ОР-7 — озеро ниже хвостохраниΛища; 9 — МаΛокуΛунΑинское месторожΑение: МК-2 — поΑпруΑное озеро р. МаΛая КуΛинΑа; 10 — Спокойнинское месторожΑение: ОР-8 — хвостохраниΛище; 11 — Жипкошинское месторожΑение: ЖП-2 — карьер Fig. 3. Dendrogram of zooplankton biocenotic similarity in technogenic reservoirs: 4–6 — Sherlovogorskoye deposit: 4 — ShG-10 pit lake, 5 — ShG-8, a lake under the dumps of an ore quarry, 6 — ShG-9 dammed lake near the village of Sherlovaya Gora;7 –8 — Orlovskoye deposit: O R-1, OR-3 — tailing dump, OR-7— lake below the tailing dump; 9 — Malokulundinskoye deposit: MK-2 — dammed lake on the Malaya Kulinda River; 10 — Spokoininskoye deposit: OR-8 — tailing dump; 11 — Zhipkoshinskoye deposit; ZhP-2 — pit lake

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Fig. 1. Samples were identified within a in Diversity of Cryptosporidium in brush-tailed rock-wallabies (Petrogale penicillata) managed within a species recovery programme

Fig. 1. Samples were identified within a phylogenetic framework with the tree constructed using neighbour-joining with bootstrap test (1,000 replicates, displayed at nodes) using the 18S rRNA locus (878 bp). KV denotes Kangaroo Valley.

Fig. 11 in Trypanosomes genetic diversity, polyparasitism and the population decline of the critically endangered Australian marsupial, the brush tailed bettong or woylie (Bettongia penicillata)

Fig. 11. Transmission electron micrograph of an epimastigote and an amastigote of G2 (Clade A). (A) Epimastigote in culture; Ax: Axoneme showing nine doublets of microtubules surrounding a central pair; Ac: Acidocalcisomes; Arrow: Subpellicular microtubules. (B) Amastigote inside a VERO cell. Scale bars = 0.5 µm (A), 1 µm (B).

Fig. 9 in Trypanosomes genetic diversity, polyparasitism and the population decline of the critically endangered Australian marsupial, the brush tailed bettong or woylie (Bettongia penicillata)

Fig. 9. Infection of Vero (A) and L6 cells (B) with G2 (Clade A) and T. cruzi as a positive control of infection (Diff-Quick stained). (A) Intracellular amastigotes of G2. (B) Intracellular amastigotes of T. cruzi. Scale bars = 10 µm.

Fig. 8 in Trypanosomes genetic diversity, polyparasitism and the population decline of the critically endangered Australian marsupial, the brush tailed bettong or woylie (Bettongia penicillata)

Fig. 8. Epimastigotes of G1 and G2 (Clade A) arranged in rosettes in culture. (A) Diff-Quick stained rosettes. (B) Rosettes in fresh wet preparations showing numerous intracellular acidocalcisomes. Scale bars = 10 µm.

Fig. 7 in Trypanosomes genetic diversity, polyparasitism and the population decline of the critically endangered Australian marsupial, the brush tailed bettong or woylie (Bettongia penicillata)

Fig. 7. Light microscopy of Diff-Quick stained blood and culture forms of G1 and G2 (Clade A) (A) Trypomastigote in blood of a woylie naturally infected; (B) slender epimastigote in culture; (C and D) shaped epimastigote in culture; (E) spheromastigote in culture; (F) spheromastigotes dividing in culture. Scale bars = 10 µm.

Fig. 6 in Trypanosomes genetic diversity, polyparasitism and the population decline of the critically endangered Australian marsupial, the brush tailed bettong or woylie (Bettongia penicillata)

Fig. 6. Structures suggestive of amastigotes (arrows) of G2 (Clade A) in heart tissue positive by PCR (H&E stained). Scale bars = (A) 20 µm, (B) 10 µm.

Fig. 5 in Trypanosomes genetic diversity, polyparasitism and the population decline of the critically endangered Australian marsupial, the brush tailed bettong or woylie (Bettongia penicillata)

Fig. 5. Histopathology of two woylies naturally infected with G2 (Clade A) (H&E stained). (A) Multifocal, moderate to severe, chronic, pyogranulomatous myocarditis and (B) endocarditis. (C) Mineralisation of heart tissue. (D) Tongue showing multifocal, moderate, chronic, pyogranulomatous glossitis. (E) Skeletal muscle degeneration. (F) Inflammatory cells around a blood vessel. Scale bars = 20 µm.

Fig. 3 in Trypanosomes genetic diversity, polyparasitism and the population decline of the critically endangered Australian marsupial, the brush tailed bettong or woylie (Bettongia penicillata)

Fig. 3. Phylogenetic relationships of the new trypanosome isolates from Western Australian marsupials based on gGAPDH sequences (~810 bp) using Mr Bayes. The tree was rooted with five sequences as outgroups. Bayesian posterior probabilities are shown at nodes. Bar, 0.07 substitutions per site.

Fig. 10 in Trypanosomes genetic diversity, polyparasitism and the population decline of the critically endangered Australian marsupial, the brush tailed bettong or woylie (Bettongia penicillata)

Fig. 10. Scanning electron micrograph of G2 (Clade A) grown in culture with Vero cells. (A) Trypomastigote invading a cell, with the flagella still external to the cell. (B) Dead cell(s) surrounded by amastigotes and trypomastigotes. Scale bars = 2 µm (A), 4 µm (B).

Fig. 4 in Trypanosomes genetic diversity, polyparasitism and the population decline of the critically endangered Australian marsupial, the brush tailed bettong or woylie (Bettongia penicillata)

Fig. 4. Prevalence of infection with trypanosomes within the different clades in woylies from the stable and declining populations. 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

Fig. 2 in Trypanosomes genetic diversity, polyparasitism and the population decline of the critically endangered Australian marsupial, the brush tailed bettong or woylie (Bettongia penicillata)

Fig. 2. Phylogenetic analysis of the relationships between Australian trypanosomes based on 18S rDNA sequences. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by the Bayesian method sequences (~1410 bp). (B) Phylogenetic position of shorter 18S rDNA sequences (786 bp) CHA1, TRY1, TRY2, WYA1, WYA2, BDA1, Q3, Q10, GP63 and GP94. Threes were rooted with from Bayesian posterior probabilities are shown at nodes. In red: trypanosome genotypes found in this study. Bar, 0.2 substitutions per site.

Fig. 5 in Trichomonas stableri n. sp., an agent of trichomonosis in Pacific Coast band-tailed pigeons (Patagioenas fasciata monilis)

Fig. 5. Pathogenesis of T. stableri in Pacific Coast band-tailed pigeons. Oral and esophageal caseonecrotic lesions (e.g., white arrowheads) observed during post-mortem examination in cases CA015500 (A) and CA015499 (B). Both birds were collected and sampled between February 16 and February 19, 2012 during a trichomonosis mortality event in Monterey County, California. Infection with T. stableri was confirmed by DNA amplification performed directly on lesion tissues. (C) Immunohistochemical staining of trichomonad antigen (red) in lung tissue of case CA015506. Lung infection likely occurred via aspiration of necrotic debris from the laryngeal region. Scale bar is 50 µm. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

Fig. 6 in Trichomonas stableri n. sp., an agent of trichomonosis in Pacific Coast band-tailed pigeons (Patagioenas fasciata monilis)

Fig. 6. Geographic distribution of birds (solid black circles) infected with T. stableri in California. Circle size is relative to the number of birds infected at each site.

Fig. 4 in Trichomonas stableri n. sp., an agent of trichomonosis in Pacific Coast band-tailed pigeons (Patagioenas fasciata monilis)

Fig. 4. Consensus phylogenetic tree of partial rpb1gene sequences (1191 bp alignment) made by Bayesian inference. Legend denotes substitutions per site. All node posterior probabilities are 100% unless otherwise noted.

Fig. 1 in Trichomonas stableri n. sp., an agent of trichomonosis in Pacific Coast band-tailed pigeons (Patagioenas fasciata monilis)

Fig. 1. Micrographs of T. gallinae and T. stableri trophozoites. (A) T. gallinae, illustrating the four anterior flagella, and the extension of the axostyle. Note the slender appearance of the trophozoite with a near elliptical form. (B) Slender form of T. stableri is shown with protruding axostyle and four anterior flagella. (C) Rounded form of T. stableri is shown with the four anterior flagella. All scale bars are 5 µm.

Fig. 2 in Trichomonas stableri n. sp., an agent of trichomonosis in Pacific Coast band-tailed pigeons (Patagioenas fasciata monilis)

Fig. 2. Consensus phylogenetic tree of ITS1/5.8S/ITS2 sequences (260 bp alignment) made by Bayesian inference. Legend denotes substitutions per site. All posterior probabilities are>90% unless otherwise noted. ITS region Sequence Groups refer to designations described in Gerhold et al. (2008). BTPI, band-tailed pigeon; BWHA, broadwinged hawk; COHA, Cooper's hawk; ECDO, Eurasian collared dove, GRDO, common ground dove; HOFI, house finch; MODO, mourning dove; ROPI, rock pigeon; WWDO, white-winged dove.

Fig. 3 in Trichomonas stableri n. sp., an agent of trichomonosis in Pacific Coast band-tailed pigeons (Patagioenas fasciata monilis)

Fig. 3. Consensus phylogenetic tree of partial Fe-hydrogenase gene sequences (750 bp alignment) made by Bayesian inference. Legend denotes substitutions per site. All node posterior probabilities are>90% unless otherwise noted.

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Fig. 3 in Seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in white-tailed deer from Texas

Fig. 3. Assays used to demonstrate reactivity to Borrelia burgdorferi antigens in white-tailed deer serum samples. (A.) The molecular weight marker (Mk) showing estimated molecular weights of Borrelia antigens (Bb). (B.) From left to right, negative control samples (1—5) and samples highly sero-reactive (6—12). The three immunoassays used were ELISA, standardized western immunoblot (WB) and Marblot (MB) assays.