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4,775 results for “carbon”
Dissolved oxygen, temperature, chlorophyll-a, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and dissolved organic carbon at multiple depths in 822 lakes from 1921-2022
Rapid changes in climate and land use are having substantial and interacting impacts on lake water quality around the world. Here, we synthesized time-series data for dissolved oxygen, temperature, chlorophyll-a, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and dissolved organic carbon at multiple depths in 822 lakes to facilitate analyses of these changes. The dataset extends from 1921–2022, with a median data duration of 29 years (range 5-102) and a median of 5 unique sampling dates per year at each lake. Lakes in the dataset have a median depth of 12.5 m (range 1.5–480 m), median surface area of 85.4 ha (range: 0.5–237000 ha) and median elevation of 264 m (range: -215–2804). The lakes are located in 18 countries across 5 continents, with latitudes ranging from -42.6 to 68.3. To facilitate interoperability with other large-scale datasets, each lake is linked to a unique hydroLAKES lake ID when possible (n = 683).
Carbon decomposition and nitrogen mineralization in Marsden agroecosystem diversification experiment, Iowa, 2021
This dataset contains measurements of soil carbon decomposition and nitrogen mineralization from 36 soils in the Marsden agroecosystem diversification experiment. Soil samples were collected in fall 2021 from a long-term experiment initiated in 2002 at Iowa State University's Marsden Farm. The dataset includes laboratory data on soil organic carbon (SOC) content, soil total nitrogen content, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of soil, time-series CO2 fluxes from SOC decomposition in a 13.5-month lab incubation, and soil nitrogen mineralization rates. It also provides model simulations of SOC decomposition from different carbon pools using three process-based models: the Agricultural version of the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (Agro-IBIS), CN-SIM, and the Microbial-ENzyme Decomposition (MEND) models.
Factors Influencing Aboveground Carbon Storage in Mixed Oak-Pine Forests: USDA FIA Data from Southeastern U.S. (2009-2019)
This study explores factors affecting aboveground carbon (AGC) storage in mixed oak-pine forests across the Southeastern United States. Utilizing USDA Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data from 2009 to 2019, the research spans nine states: Alabama, Mississippi, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Louisiana, and Virginia. Data processing in R included converting units to the metric system and calculating structural diversity using Shannon diversity indices. Climate data from the PRISM Climate Group were integrated with FIA data using longitude and latitude. The research aims to uncover how various factors influence AGC storage and contribute to informed forest management practices.
Soil organic carbon and associated uncertainty at 90 m resolution for peninsular Spain
Soil organic carbon (SOC) must be quantified and monitored to assess soil management practices, adapt policies, and evaluate environmental impacts. However, due to SOC spatial variability, soil surveys become a very challenging task because of the high costs of acquiring data, operational complexity, and updating. Digital soil mapping based on machine learning approaches in combination with remote sensing techniques have enabled soil carbon spatial distribution to be significantly improved, even with limited soil samples. A legacy soil database of 8,361 georeferenced profiles and a selection of environmental data-driven covariates intimately related to soil-forming factors (e.g., biota, climate, parent material) were used to generate SOC maps. Modeling of data was based on three supervised learning approaches: quantile regression forest, ensemble machine learning and auto-machine learning. For the final SOC spatial distribution maps, each pixel was assigned the prediction from the most accurate model, i.e., lowest uncertainty. We applied this modeling technique to generate cost-effective, high-resolution maps (90 m pixel resolution) of SOC distribution, and its associated spatially explicit uncertainty, in peninsular Spain. These maps showed 15.7 g.kg-1 mean SOC concentration at 0-30 cm and 3.6 g.kg-1 at 30-100 cm depth. The total SOC stock at its effective depth was 3.8 Pg C, storing the 74% in the upper 30 cm (2.82 Pg C). The correlation between SOC observed and predictions final values showed R2=0.68 for SOCc and R2=0.54 for SOCs at the upper 30cm. The methodology proposed in this study aims to improve benchmark SOC estimates in support of the National GHG Emissions Inventory Report
AquaMatch Dissolved Organic Carbon Data from Water Quality Portal: ~1970-2024
This dataset, “AquaMatch Dissolved Organic Carbon Data from Water Quality Portal ~1970-2024”, is a component of a forthcoming update to AquaSat (Ross et al., 2019), AquaSat version 2 (“V2”). The overarching purpose of AquaSat V2 is to emphasize the individual parts of the AquaSat pipeline that make-up the matchups between satellite and in-situ measurements. As such, we have greatly expanded and improved upon the AquaSat dissolved organic carbon dataset in two ways: First, we have incorporated additional recent in situ data beyond what was available at the publication of AquaSat. Second, we have created a data quality tiering system to provide end-users with more guidance on data usage. In this schema we have three tiers: restrictive data that are verifiably self-similar across organizations and time-periods and can be considered highly reliable; narrowed data that we have good reason to believe are self-similar, but for which we cannot verify full compatibility across data providers; and inclusive data, which are assumed to be reliable and are harmonized to our best ability given the information available from the data provider. We have also added flag columns to help users understand complexities of the available depth and field sampling data. This dataset is a derived data product created using records downloaded from the Water Quality Portal (WQP) spanning January 5, 1970, to June 27, 2024. The WQP is a data warehouse for water-related data measured or observed within the United States and US territories managed by the Environmental Protection Agency, United States Geological Survey, and the National Water Quality Monitoring Council. The dataset does not contain remote sensing matchups but can be paired with Landsat surface reflectances using the pipeline presented in Ross et al. (2019). Ross, M. R. V., Topp, S. N., Appling, A. P., Yang, X., Kuhn, C., Butman, D. et al. (2019). AquaSat: A data set to enable remote sensing of water quality for inland waters. Water
Land use and management effects on soil carbon in the Lake States, Northern United States - Nave, et al 2022
There is growing need to quantify and communicate how land use and management activities influence soil organic carbon (SOC) at scales relevant to, and in the tangible control of landowners and forest managers. The continued proliferation of publications and growth of datasets, data synthesis and meta-analysis approaches allows the application of powerful tools to such questions at ever finer scales. In this analysis, we combined a literature review and effect-size meta-analysis with two large, independent, observational databases to assess how land use and management impact SOC stocks, primarily with regards to forest land uses. We performed this work for the (Great Lakes) Lake States, which comprise 6% of the land area, but 7% of the forest and 9% of the forest SOC in the U.S., as the second in a series of ecoregional SOC assessments. Most importantly, our analysis indicates that natural factors, such as soil texture and parent material, exert more control over SOC stocks than land use or management. With that for context, our analysis also indicates which natural factors most influence management impacts on SOC storage. We report an overall trend of significantly diminished topsoil SOC stocks with harvesting, consistent across all three datasets, while also demonstrating how certain sites and soils diverge from this pattern, including some that show opposite trends. Impacts of fire grossly mirror those of harvesting, with declines near the top of the profile, but potential gains at depth and no net change when considering the whole profile. Land use changes showing significant SOC impacts are limited to reforestation on barren mining substrates (large and variable gains) and conversion of native forest to cultivation (losses). We describe patterns within the observational data that reveal the physical basis for preferential land use, e.g., cultivation of soils with the most favorable physical properties, and forest plantation establishment on the most marginal so
Nitrogen and carbon concentrations and stable isotope ratios (δ¹⁵N and δ¹³C) in European moss samples, 2005-2006
This dataset contains nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) concentrations and stable isotope ratios (δ¹⁵N and δ¹³C) measured in moss samples collected across Europe within the framework of the ICP Vegetation programme (International Cooperative Programme on Effects of Air Pollution on Natural Vegetation and Crops, UNECE LRTAP Convention). Moss surveys are conducted every five years and the data presented here correspond specifically to the first sampling campaign, carried out in 2005/2006. During the 2005/2006 European moss survey, approximately 3,000 moss samples were collected at non-urban and semi-natural sites across 16 European countries following a standardized biomonitoring protocol. The dataset used in this study comprises a subset of 1,022 moss samples (approximately 35 % of the total survey), provided by 12 European countries, which were selected for the determination of nitrogen and carbon concentrations and their corresponding stable isotope signatures (δ¹⁵N and δ¹³C). Moss samples collected by each participating country were sent to the Integrated Environmental Quality Laboratory (LICA), Institute for Biodiversity and Environment (BIOMA - University of Navarra), where all chemical and isotopic analyses were subsequently performed under uniform analytical conditions. In addition, this dataset incorporates moss data from Sweden, Croatia and Macedonia for the same sampling year, which were not included in the official ICP Vegetation 2005/2006 dataset. The European moss biomonitoring network was established to provide a complementary, high spatial resolution and time-integrated measure of atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and other pollutants within terrestrial ecosystems. The approach is based on the ability of ectohydric mosses to accumulate nutrients and trace elements directly from wet and dry atmospheric deposition, enabling dense spatial sampling across large geographical areas. This biomonitoring framework supports the assessment of spatial patterns of atmos
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating and Drying Research (DryPEHR): Peak growing season aboveground biomass 2011-2017. (Reformatted to the ecocomDP Design Pattern)
This data package is formatted as an ecocomDP (Ecological Community Data Pattern). For more information on ecocomDP see https://github.com/EDIorg/ecocomDP. This Level 1 data package was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-bnz/502/16. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: This drying and warming experiment addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem drying, warming and permafrost thaw cause a net release or uptake of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool influence ecosystem C loss? 3) How do drying and warmign affect plant communities and ecosystem properties? We are answering these questions using a combined warming and drying experiment (DryPEHR), which is situated with the Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project and located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Warming treatment here refers to growing season air temperature warming (~1C) using open top chambers (OTC) combined with soil 'warming' using snow fences during the snow covered months. Drying is achieve using an automated pumping system that lowers the water table in the dry plots. Soil warming began in 2008; OTCs and drying in 2011. Above ground plant biomass was surveyed non-destructively using a point-intercept method for all vascular and moss species at peak growing season.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Aboveground plant biomass, 2009-2017. (Reformatted to the ecocomDP Design Pattern)
This data package is formatted as an ecocomDP (Ecological Community Data Pattern). For more information on ecocomDP see https://github.com/EDIorg/ecocomDP. This Level 1 data package was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-bnz/501/17. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. This data set includes aboveground plant biomass from winter warming, summer warming, and control treatment plots at CiPEHR.
Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in tree rings and basal area increment from mature temperate forests within the AmeriFlux network.
Data were used to investigate long-term changes in tree intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE, i.e., the ratio between CO2 assimilation and stomatal conductance) and the underlying physiological mechanisms. We used delta18O to estimate the 18O enrichment in leaf water above the source water, Delta18OLW. Moreover we assessed the relationship between isotope-derived parameters and atmospheric CO2 (ca) and climate factors. Isotope-related parameters included in the dataset are: alpha-cellulose delta13C, carbon isotope discrimination (Delta13C), intercellular CO2 concentration (ci) and the ratio of intercellular to atmospheric CO2 concentrations (ci/ca), alpha-cellulose delta18O, estimated delta18O in precipitation (see Method), oxygen isotope discrimination above the source water (Delta18O). The dataset includes also the following climate parameters: growing season temperature (Tgrs), precipitation (Pgrs) and vapor pressure deficit (VPDgrs) and mean annual temperature (Ta), precipitation (Pa) and vapor pressure deficit (VPDa), and standard precipitation-evaporation index relative to August, with 3 months lag (SPEI8_3) from the global database. Finally, we also include the ca values that were used to calculate delta13C, iWUE and ci/ca. All the equations used to calculate the isotope-derived parameters, including the leaf water Delta18O (see Figure 3 in Guerrieri et al. 2019 PNAS) are also provided.
GLEON DC-FLUX Lake Mendota floating chamber carbon dioxide flux, 2017 - 2018
Campaign to measure diel cycle of lake-atmosphere carbon dioxide flux in different seasons. This is part of a larger synthesis working group for GLEON called DC-FLUX. Floating chamber with in-situ CO2 sensor was deployed between July 2017 and April 2018 over four campaigns of three-hourly samples taken by two chambers with three replicates each by boat and in one campaign, also near shore. These data are being synthesized with similar measurements made in multiple lakes for a forthcoming manuscript.
Short-term high-frequency water dissolved carbon dioxide, temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity and pH data from 8 Estonian lakes in year 2014
This dataset was used in the analysis described in the manuscript by Khan, H., A. Laas, R. Marcé, B. Obrador. Major effects of alkalinity on the relationship between metabolism and dissolved inorganic carbon dynamics in lakes. In review: Ecosystems. This dataset was used to calculate short term changes of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations and its variability in Estonian lakes. DIC data were compared with measured dissolved oxygen (DO) data in lakes covering a range of different alkalinity levels. Our results suggest that a large part of the measured variability in DO and DIC reflects non-metabolic processes. In lakes of lower alkalinity, DIC dynamics appear to be mostly driven by aquatic metabolism, whereas in lakes of higher alkalinity calcite precipitation plays a major role on DIC dynamics and needs to be considered along with metabolism.
Palmyra Atoll dissolved organic carbon sampling locations and values
This package provides data for Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) sampling locations and values. DOC was sampled at 12 sites to compare DOC export in native and non-native canopies Palmyra Atoll in 2019. Two samples were taken 50 m apart at each site. Three comparison samples were taken from surface waters offshore of the atoll, on the forereef, and from lagoon away from shore. Samples were processed and sent to a lab for analysis.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating and Drying Research (DryPEHR): Peak growing season aboveground biomass 2011-2017. (Reformatted to a Darwin Core Archive)
This data package is formatted as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A, event core). For more information on Darwin Core see https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/. This Level 2 data package was derived from the Level 1 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/264/3, which was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-bnz/502/16. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: This drying and warming experiment addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem drying, warming and permafrost thaw cause a net release or uptake of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool influence ecosystem C loss? 3) How do drying and warmign affect plant communities and ecosystem properties? We are answering these questions using a combined warming and drying experiment (DryPEHR), which is situated with the Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project and located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Warming treatment here refers to growing season air temperature warming (~1C) using open top chambers (OTC) combined with soil 'warming' using snow fences during the snow covered months. Drying is achieve using an automated pumping system that lowers the water table in the dry plots. Soil warming began in 2008; OTCs and drying in 2011. Above ground plant biomass was surveyed non-destructively using a point-intercept method for all vascular and moss species at peak growing season.
2017 seasonal high frequency monitoring of Upper Clark Fork River (Montana, USA) dissolved carbon dioxide, pH, and electrical conductivity
These data were collected by the University of Montana and Montana State University to support the Upper Clark Fork River restoration monitoring project supported by the US NSF Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) program. The original analytical intent for these data was to assess the response of river metabolic regime to the floodplain restoration via inference of whole-ecosystem metabolism from the daily variation in carbon dioxide concentrations. Data are primarily measurements of dissolved carbon dioxide, pH, electrical conductivity, and temperature in well-mixed river thalweg water. Additional miscellaneous data were collected for quality control. Data are from late in the 2017 field season. Data were collected on the Upper Clark Fork River (USGS HUC 17010201) at the Galen and Racetrack sites northeast of Anaconda, Montana, USA. High frequency carbon dioxide and pH data were collected using field deployments SAMI sensors from Sunburst Sensors (Missoula, Montana, USA). Electrical conductivity data was collected with a HOBO sensor from Onset Computer Corporation (Bourne, Massachusetts, USA).
Water year 2019 monitoring of the inorganic carbon system (pH and total alkalinity) in the Upper Clark Fork River (Montana, USA)
These data were collected by the University of Montana and Montana State University to support the Upper Clark Fork River restoration monitoring project supported by the US NSF Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) program. The original analytical intent for these data was to assess the response of river inorganic carbon system to the floodplain restoration. Data are lab analyses of pH and total alkalinity in samples of well-mixed river thalweg water. Data are from the 2019 water year (1 Oct 2018 to 30 Sep 2019). Data were collected on the Upper Clark Fork River (USGS HUC 17010201) at 13 project sites distributed along the river from the vicinity of Anaconda to Missoula, Montana, USA. Lab analyses include high-precision colorimetric pH analysis and gran titration of alkalinity.
Water year 2017-18 monitoring of the inorganic carbon system (pH and total alkalinity) in the Upper Clark Fork River (Montana, USA)
These data were collected by the University of Montana and Montana State University to support the Upper Clark Fork River restoration monitoring project supported by the US NSF Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) program. The original analytical intent for these data was to assess the response of river inorganic carbon system to the floodplain restoration. Data are lab analyses of pH and total alkalinity in samples of well-mixed river thalweg water. Data are from the 2017 and 2018 water years (1 Oct 2016 to 30 Sep 2018). Data were collected on the Upper Clark Fork River (USGS HUC 17010201) at project sites distributed along the river from the vicinity of Anaconda to Missoula, Montana, USA. Lab analyses include high-precision colorimetric pH analysis and gran titration of alkalinity.
Water year 2020 monitoring of the inorganic carbon system (pH and total alkalinity) in the Upper Clark Fork River (Montana, USA)
These data were collected by the University of Montana and Montana State University to support the Upper Clark Fork River restoration monitoring project supported by the US NSF Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) program. The original analytical intent for these data was to assess the response of river inorganic carbon system to the floodplain restoration. Data are lab analyses of pH and total alkalinity in samples of well-mixed river thalweg water. Data are from the 2020 water year (1 Oct 2019 to 30 Sep 2020). Data were collected on the Upper Clark Fork River (USGS HUC 17010201) at project sites distributed along the river from the vicinity of Anaconda to Missoula, Montana, USA. Lab analyses include high-precision colorimetric pH analysis and gran titration of alkalinity.
Stream and hyporheic carbon dioxide (CO2) measurements in a headwater catchment, Watershed 1, and throughout Lookout Creek watershed at the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest, July 2013 to July 2014
We examined the spatial and temporal variability of stream carbon dioxide (CO2) in a headwater catchment. We measured stream and hyporheic pCO2 at at 30-minute intervals over 11 months in 95.9-ha Watershed 1, HJ Andrews Experimental Forest. We also measured stream temperature, pH and alkalinity which we used to calculate CO2 at monthly intervals from July 2013 through July 2014 at 38 locations across the 6400-ha HJ Andrews Experimental Forest.
Carbon dioxide response curve, dark respiration, specific leaf area, and leaf nitrogen data for the 2014 Eriophorum vaginatum reciprocal transplant gardens at Toolik Lake and Sagwon, AK, collected in 2016.
Transplant gardens at Toolik Lake and Sagwon were established in 2014. At each location, 60 tussocks each from ecotypes of Eriophorum vaginatum from Coldfoot (CF, 67°15′32″N, 150°10′12″W), Toolik Lake (TL, 68°37′44″N, 149°35′0″W), and Sagwon (SAG, 69°25′26″N, 148°42′49″W) were transplanted. Half the transplanted tussocks were grown under ambient conditions, while the other half were exposed to passive warming supplied by open-top chambers (OTC). Data were collected in late June through July 2016 include carbon dioxide response curve data, dark respiration, specific leaf area, and leaf nitrogen content.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.