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372 results for “hawaii”
Coffee Berry Borer (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari) trap catch and associated weather variables on Hawaii Island
<p>We sampled flying female CBB adults bi-weekly over a three-year period using red funnel traps baited with an alcohol lure at 14 commercial coffee farms on Hawaii Island to characterize seasonal phenology and the relationship between flight activity and five weather variables. We captured almost 5 million scolytid beetles during the sampling period, with 81-93% of the trap catch comprised of CBB. Of the captured non-target beetles, the majority were tropical nut borer, black twig borer and a species of <i>Cryphalus</i>. Two major flight events were consistent across all three years: an initial emergence from January-April that coincided with early fruit development and a second flight during the harvest season from September-December. A generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) revealed that mean daily air temperature had a highly significant positive correlation with CBB flight; most flight events occurred between 20-26 °C. Mean daily solar radiation also had a significant positive relationship with flight. Flight was positively correlated with maximum daily relative humidity at values below ~94%, and cumulative rainfall up to 100 mm; flight was also positively correlated with maximum daily wind speeds up to ~2.5 m/s, after which activity declined.</p>
FIGURE 1 in Distribution and Taxonomy of Endemic and Introduced Drosophilidae in Hawaii
FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic relationships among Drosophilidae, showing diversity of endemic Hawaiian and introduced lineages and the proposed biogeographic history of this lineage.
Distribution. From Canada (S British Columbia, SE Northwest Territories, Hudson Bay, Quebec, and Newfoundland) S throughout the USA and Mexico to W Guatemala; also on Hawaii. in Vespertilionidae
Distribution. From Canada (S British Columbia, SE Northwest Territories, Hudson Bay, Quebec, and Newfoundland) S throughout the USA and Mexico to W Guatemala; also on Hawaii.
Distribution. India, S Nepal, S Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka. Chital have been introduced in Europe (Croatia, Ukraine, Moldova), Armenia, the Andaman Is, New Guinea, Australia, USA (California, Texas & Hawaii), Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. in Cervidae
Distribution. India, S Nepal, S Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka. Chital have been introduced in Europe (Croatia, Ukraine, Moldova), Armenia, the Andaman Is, New Guinea, Australia, USA (California, Texas & Hawaii), Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina.
Distribution. Probable original distribution includes SE Bangladesh, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Taiwan, Thailand, Cambodia, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra (including offshore Is of Simeulue, Nias, Mentawai Archipelago, and Enggano), Borneo, Java, Bali, and many nearby Is. Introduced into the Philippines, Sulawesi, Moluccas, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Timor, and various other Is in more ancient times (in the last 2000-3000 years) and also to many Melanesian and Pacific Is, including Ryukyu, Hawaii, Christmas, Cocos (= Keeling), Palau, Northern Mariana, Guam, Micronesia, Marshall, Nauru, Kiribati, New Guinea, Bismarck, Solomon, Tuvalu, Tokelau, Futuna, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, Niue, Cook, French Polynesia, Norfolk, New Zealand, and Adele. in Muridae
Distribution. Probable original distribution includes SE Bangladesh, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Taiwan, Thailand, Cambodia, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra (including offshore Is of Simeulue, Nias, Mentawai Archipelago, and Enggano), Borneo, Java, Bali, and many nearby Is. Introduced into the Philippines, Sulawesi, Moluccas, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Timor, and various other Is in more ancient times (in the last 2000-3000 years) and also to many Melanesian and Pacific Is, including Ryukyu, Hawaii, Christmas, Cocos (= Keeling), Palau, Northern Mariana, Guam, Micronesia, Marshall, Nauru, Kiribati, New Guinea, Bismarck, Solomon, Tuvalu, Tokelau, Futuna, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, Niue, Cook, French Polynesia, Norfolk, New Zealand, and Adele.
Supplementary material 1 from: Wilson CE, Castro KL, Thurston GB, Sissons A (2016) Pathway risk analysis of weed seeds in imported grain: A Canadian perspective. In: Daehler CC, van Kleunen M, Pyšek P, Richardson DM (Eds) Proceedings of 13th International EMAPi conference, Waikoloa, Hawaii. NeoBiota 30: 49–74. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.30.7502
Weed seed contaminant species reported in imported grain in a Canadian sampling program 2007–2015 : Explanation note: Complete list of weed seed contaminant species reported in 947 samples of 10 imported grain crops in a Canadian sampling program 2007–2015, cross-listed to number of times reported and crops reported in.
Supplementary material 4 from: Novoa A, Kumschick S, Richardson DM, Rouget M, Wilson JRU (2016) Native range size and growth form in Cactaceae predict invasiveness and impact. In: Daehler CC, van Kleunen M, Pyšek P, Richardson DM (Eds) Proceedings of 13th International EMAPi conference, Waikoloa, Hawaii. NeoBiota 30: 75–90. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.30.7253
Results of the General Impact Scoring System applied to 70 cactus species (35 invasive and 35 non-invasive cactus species with a long history of introduction in South Africa) : Explanation note: The impact scores are expressed as the maximum impact over all the environmental and socioeconomic categories considered in this study.
Supplementary material 1 from: Brundu G, Richardson DM (2016) Planted forests and invasive alien trees in Europe: A Code for managing existing and future plantings to mitigate the risk of negative impacts from invasions. In: Daehler CC, van Kleunen M, Pyšek P, Richardson DM (Eds) Proceedings of 13th International EMAPi conference, Waikoloa, Hawaii. NeoBiota 30: 5–47. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.30.7015
Supplementary tables : Explanation note: Table 1. Examples of specific plantation practices aimed at reducing problems with invasive alien tree species. Some of these rules can be considered of general utility, whereas others refer to specific alien tree species and aim to mitigate specific impacts. Table 2. The fifty alien trees most frequently listed (with different rankings) in European countries
Supplementary material 3 from: Novoa A, Kumschick S, Richardson DM, Rouget M, Wilson JRU (2016) Native range size and growth form in Cactaceae predict invasiveness and impact. In: Daehler CC, van Kleunen M, Pyšek P, Richardson DM (Eds) Proceedings of 13th International EMAPi conference, Waikoloa, Hawaii. NeoBiota 30: 75–90. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.30.7253
Generic Impact Scoring System (GISS) : Explanation note: Detailed description of impact categories. An updated Excel version is available from the authors on request.
Supplementary material 2 from: Wilson CE, Castro KL, Thurston GB, Sissons A (2016) Pathway risk analysis of weed seeds in imported grain: A Canadian perspective. In: Daehler CC, van Kleunen M, Pyšek P, Richardson DM (Eds) Proceedings of 13th International EMAPi conference, Waikoloa, Hawaii. NeoBiota 30: 49–74. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.30.7502
Frequency distributions showing percentage samples with number of contaminant species reported per sample for 10 imported grain crops examined in a Canadian sampling program 2007–2015 : Explanation note: Ten frequency distribution graphs (one per crop) shown in a multi-panel.
FIGURES 52‒58. C in Supplementary descriptive notes of the Sinella and Coecobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae) species from North America, Hawaii and Japan
FIGURES 52‒58. C. akiyoshiana: 52, labial chaetae; 53, inner tibiotarsal differentiated chaetae and hind claw; 54, manubrial plaque; 55, mucro; 56–58, dorsal body chaetotaxy; 56, Th. II–III; 57, Abd. I–III; 58, Abd.IV.
FIGURES 43–51. S in Supplementary descriptive notes of the Sinella and Coecobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae) species from North America, Hawaii and Japan
FIGURES 43–51. S. yosiia: 43, dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy; 44, lateral process of labial palp; 45, ventral chaetae of head; 46, manubrial plaque; 47, mucro; 48‒51, dorsal body chaetotaxy; 48, Th.II; 49, Th.III; 50, Abd.I‒III; 51, Abd.IV.
FIGURES 71–76. C in Supplementary descriptive notes of the Sinella and Coecobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae) species from North America, Hawaii and Japan
FIGURES 71–76. C. lua: 71, dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy; 72, lateral process of labial palp; 73, labial chaetae; 74, thoracic chaetotaxy; 75, chaetotaxy of Abd.I; 76, chaetotaxy of Abd.IV.
FIGURES 28–32 in Supplementary descriptive notes of the Sinella and Coecobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae) species from North America, Hawaii and Japan
FIGURES 28–32. Dorsal chaetotaxy in S. cavernarum: 28, Th.II; 29, Th.III; 30, Abd.I–III; 31, Abd.IV; 32, Abd.V.
FIGURES 17–27. S in Supplementary descriptive notes of the Sinella and Coecobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae) species from North America, Hawaii and Japan
FIGURES 17–27. S. cavernarum: 17, labrum; 18, dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy; 19, lateral process of labial palp; 20, ventral chaetae of head; 21, trochanteral organ; 22, for claw; 23, mid claw; 24, hind claw; 25, posterior face of ventral tube; 26, lateral flap of ventral tube; 27, mucro.
FIGURES 66–70. C in Supplementary descriptive notes of the Sinella and Coecobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae) species from North America, Hawaii and Japan
FIGURES 66–70. C. kukae: 66, dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy; 67, labial chaetae; 68, thoracic chaetotaxy; 69, chaetotaxy of Abd.I–III; 70, chaetotaxy of Abd.IV.
FIGURES 61–65. C in Supplementary descriptive notes of the Sinella and Coecobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae) species from North America, Hawaii and Japan
FIGURES 61–65. C. ishikawai: 61, lateral process of labial palp; 62, labial chaetae; 63, hind claw; 64, manubrial plaque; 65, mucro.
FIGURES 39–42. S in Supplementary descriptive notes of the Sinella and Coecobrya (Collembola: Entomobryidae) species from North America, Hawaii and Japan
FIGURES 39–42. S. straminea: 39, dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy; 40, mucro; 41, thoracic chaetotaxy; 42, chaetotaxy of Abd.IV.
FIGURE 1. Severnsia strombeulima n in Severnsia strombeulima n. gen. & sp. from Hawaii (Mollusca, Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Eulimidae)
FIGURE 1. Severnsia strombeulima n. gen. & sp. Off Maui, Hawaii, USA, 20° 39.290′N, 156° 29.561′W, 433–407 ft [= 144–136 m]. A. Holotype. SBMNH 454737. 1.57 mm B. Paratype SBMNH 457572. 1.67 mm. * indicates the downturn of the flared apertural lip.
NIR spectra of Hawaii avocados
<p>Avocados are an important economic crop of Hawaii, contributing to approximately 3% of all avocados grown in the United States. To export Hawaii-grown avocados, growers must follow strict United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS) regulations. Currently, only the Sharwil variety can be exported relying on a systems approach, which allows fruit to be exported without quarantine treatment; treatments that can negatively impact the quality of avocados. However, for the systems approach to be applied, Hawaii avocado growers must positively identify the avocados variety as Sharwil with APHIS prior to export. Currently, variety identification relies on physical characteristics, which can be erroneous and subjective, and has been disputed by growers. Once the fruit is harvested, variety identification is difficult. While molecular markers can be used through DNA extraction from the skin, the process leaves the fruit unmarketable. This study evaluated the feasibility of using near-infrared spectroscopy to non-destructively discriminate between different Hawaii-grown avocado varieties, such as Sharwil, Beshore, and Yamagata, Nishikawa, and Greengold, and to positively identify Sharwil from the other varieties mentioned above. The classifiers built using a bench-top system achieved 95% total classification rates for both discriminating the varieties from one another and positively identifying Sharwil while the classifier built using a handheld spectrometer achieved 96% and 96.7% total classification rates for discriminating the varieties from one another and positively identifying Sharwil, respectively. Results from chemometric methods and chemical analysis suggested that water and lipid were key contributors to the performance of classifiers. The positive results demonstrate the feasibility of NIR spectroscopy for discriminating different avocado varieties as well as authenticating Sharwil. To develop robust and stable models for the growers, distributors, and regulators in Hawaii, more varieties and additional seasons should continue to be added.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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