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647 results for “historical data”
Data Appendix for Lack, P., "Using Word Analysis to Track the Evolution of Emotional Well-being in Nineteenth-Century Industrializing Britain", Historical Methods (forthcoming)
<p>This file contains the data associated with the publication Lack, P., "Using Word Analysis to Track the Evolution of Emotional Well-being in Nineteenth-Century Industrializing Britain", <em>Historical Methods</em> (forthcoming). It quantifies the trend in emotional well-being expressed in a corpus of British pamphlets published between 1800 and 1900. The first page of the excel document presents this key data on the trend in emotional well-being. Sheet 1A presents summary statistics on the trend in emotional well-being and its correlation with GDP per capita and real wages. </p>
Crowdsourcing historical text and data with the Chinese Text Project
<p>Paper presented on Friday 11 June 2021 at the Digital Medievalist Global Symposium <em>The past, present, and future of Digital Medieval Studies</em> for the Asia & Oceania Panel, in the session Engaging in Chinese Literature.</p> <p>The Chinese Text Project (<a href="https://ctext.org">https://ctext.org</a>) is a crowdsourced digital library of premodern Chinese writing, containing over 35 million pages of scanned primary source material and billions of words of transcribed text. In this talk I describe the implementation of a crowdsourced semantic annotation system for these texts, as well as the joint construction of a crowdsourced knowledge graph recording data covering close to 3000 years of Chinese history.</p>
Data from: Historical human activities reshape evolutionary trajectories across both native and introduced ranges
<p>The same vectors that introduce species to new ranges could move them among native populations, but how human‐mediated dispersal impacts native ranges has been difficult to address because human‐mediated dispersal and natural dispersal can simultaneously shape patterns of gene flow. Here, we disentangle human‐mediated dispersal from natural dispersal by exploiting a system where the primary vector was once extensive but has since ceased. From 10th to 19th Centuries, ships in the North Atlantic exchanged sediments dredged from the intertidal for ballast, which ended when seawater ballast tanks were adopted. We investigate genetic patterns from RADseq‐derived SNPs in the amphipod <i>Corophium volutator</i> (<i>n</i> = 121; 4,870 SNPs) and the annelid <i>Hediste diversicolor</i> (<i>n</i> = 78; 3,820 SNPs), which were introduced from Europe to North America, have limited natural dispersal capabilities, are abundant in intertidal sediments, but not commonly found in modern water ballast tanks. We detect similar levels of genetic subdivision among introduced North American populations and among native European populations. Phylogenetic networks and clustering analyses reveal population structure between sites, a high degree of phylogenetic reticulation within ranges, and phylogenetic splits between European and North American populations. These patterns are inconsistent with phylogeographic structure expected to arise from natural dispersal alone, suggesting human activity eroded ancestral phylogeographic structure between native populations, but was insufficient to overcome divergent processes between naturalized populations and their sources. Our results suggest human activity may alter species' evolutionary trajectories on a broad geographic scale via regional homogenization and global diversification, in some cases precluding historical inference from genetic data.</p>
Cryptocurrency Historical Data Snapshot
<p>En esta práctica se hace repaso de los procesos de web scraping. </p>
Cryptocurrency Historical Data Snapshot
<p>En esta práctica se hace repaso de los procesos de web scraping, extrayendo informacion de la pagina coinmarketcap. </p>
Historical RTG performance data through 2020
<p>Radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTG) are the only technology capable of providing reliable and consistent electrical power for decades while isolated in extreme environments. RTGs have been, and will continue to be, a critical enabling component in some of humankind's most impressive feats of space exploration in the past (e.g. Cassini), present (e.g. Voyager), and future (e.g. Dragonfly). Power produced by an RTG will slowly decrease over time due to decay of the radioisotope fuel and degradation of the materials within the generator. With over 60 years of history, the technology of RTGs has evolved from producing only a few electrical watts (e.g. SNAP-3B ~3 W) to nearing a kilowatt of total mission power (e.g. Cassini beginning-of-mission 887 W). They also evolved from systems that were only designed to last a few years, into systems that are now exploring interstellar space 45 years after launch. Obviously, understanding how the performance of these systems changes over their lifetime is of very high interest to anyone planning a future space exploration mission. This dataset presents all of the power and performance information that is available for all spaceborne RTGs that have been flown by NASA and the US Department of Defense through early 2020. Some performance data that has not previously been published is also provided here, including the full lifetime for Galileo and Pioneer 11, as well as a near complete lifetime for Pioneer 10. While all of the available performance data for RTGs is presented here, it should be noted that the context of each mission and RTG design is extremely important in understanding RTG behavior. It is not possible to provide enough context to fully appreciate the behavior of all 29 RTG space missions in a dataset publication, so users are highly encouraged to find the appropriate context in Chapter 8 of the book, <em>The Technology of Discovery: Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators and Thermoelectric Technologies for Space Exploration</em> (ISBN: 9781119811367).</p>
Dataset supporting publication: "Data collected by coupling fix and wearable sensors for addressing urban microclimate variability in an historical Italian city"
<p>Dataset supporting publication: “Data collected by coupling fix and wearable sensors for addressing urban microclimate variability in an historical Italian city” (publication available for download: <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/3901556">GEOFIT Zenodo</a>)</p> <p>Datasets resulting from monitoring activities of Sant'Apollinare systems and climatic parameters inside and outside the building (post-intervention monitoring).</p> <p>The article presents the data collected through an extensive research work conducted in a historic hilly town in central Italy during the period 2016-2017. Data concern two different datasets: long-term hygrothermal histories collected in two specific positions of the town object of the research, and three environmental transects collected following on foot the same designed path at three different time of the same day, i.e. during a heat wave event in summer. The short-term monitoring campaign is carried out by means of an innovative wearable weather station specifically developed by the authors and settled upon a bike helmet. Data provided within the short-term monitoring campaign are analysed by computing the apparent temperature, a direct indicator of human thermal comfort in the outdoors. All provided environmental data are geo-referenced. These data are used in order to examine the intra-urban microclimate variability. Outcomes from both long- and short-term monitoring campaigns allow to confirm the existing correlation between the urban forms and functionalities and the corresponding local microclimate conditions, also generated by anthropogenic actions. In detail, higher fractions of built surfaces are associated to generally higher temperatures as emerges by comparing the two long-term air temperature data series, i.e. temperature collected at point 1 is higher than temperature collated at point 2 for the 75% of the monitored period with an average of þ2.8 [1]C. Furthermore, gathered environmental transects demonstrate the high variability of the main environmental parameters below the Urban Canopy. Diversification of the urban thermal behaviour leads to a computed apparent temperature range in between 33.2 [1]C and 46.7 [1]C at 2 p.m. along the monitoring path. Reuse of these data may be helpful for further investigating interesting correlations among urban configuration, anthropogenic actions and microclimate variables affecting outdoor comfort. Additionally, the proposed dataset may be compared to other similar datasets collected in other urban contexts around the world. Finally, it can be compared to other monitoring methodologies such as weather stations and satellite measurements available in the location at the same time.</p>
Data from: Developing a database of Australian grasshopper occurrences from historic field survey notebooks spanning 54 years (Orthoptera: Acrididae, Morabidae, Pyrgomorphidae, Tetrigidae)
<p>The baseline distribution data for all species of a given group in a region can provide fundamental insights into biogeographic questions about historic patterns of species richness, population trends, and extinction. Grasshoppers are one major group of insects for which a continent-wide perspective on their geographic distribution can be obtained. This is because they were extensively surveyed in Australia for 54 years (1936-1989) as part of Commonwealth expeditions to obtain specimens for the Australian National Insect Collection (ANIC). Field notebooks recorded from those surveys, under the direction of ANIC curator and director K. H. L. Key, form the principal source of historic distribution records for grasshoppers in Australia. We digitized all 223 notebooks (2486 pages) and transcribed all the field trips conducted in Western Australia (WA) and Tasmania (47 notebooks, 590 pages). We then carefully geocoded all sampling sites of the transcribed notebooks, following the odometer readings and descriptions of routes from a suitable reference point using historic topographic maps and Google Earth. In total, we extracted 8975 geographic coordinates for 477 species having a confirmed or putative taxonomic name of (only 170 of these species have been formally described). We found that species richness varied spatially, with highest richness in arid interior and north of WA. Historic grasshopper surveys were non-randomly distributed across both WA and Tasmania with the highest survey intensity around coastal regions. Variation was observed among surveyors in terms of the number of species detected per site, between-site distance, and the season of survey being conducted. Overall, however, the dataset is among the most comprehensive continent-wide surveys of Australian invertebrates and will greatly facilitate future work on their ecology, biogeography, conservation, and responses to environmental change.</p>
Data from: Historical fire regimes and contemporary fire effects within sagebrush habitats of Gunnison Sage-grouse
<p>The historical role of fire in sagebrush (<em>Artemisia</em> <em>tridentata</em>) landscapes remains poorly understood yet is important to inform management and conservation of obligate species such as the threatened Gunnison Sage-grouse (GUSG; <em>Centrocercus</em> <em>minimus</em>). We reconstructed fire histories from tree-ring fire-scars at sagebrush-forest ecotones (10 sites, 111 trees) to better understand the role of fire in sagebrush landscapes of the Upper Gunnison Basin (UGB), Colorado, and how fire may have changed following European-American settlement. We assessed likely influences of historical fire by surveying plant composition and structure at 100 sagebrush sites with and without recent (2001–2020) fire. </p> <p>Tree-ring fire-scars revealed a history of repeated low-severity fire at sagebrush-forest ecotones until 1892, followed by over a century without fire. Between 1684 and 1892, the mean fire interval (MFI) among sites averaged 41.3 years (ranging from 18.2 to 79.7 years). Fire over this period occurred synchronously at two or more sites on average every 23.6 years, consistent with spread between sites. Most (70%) of the historical fires burned in the early growing season when strong winds can spread fire through sagebrush. Recent burns, relative to unburned sites exhibited greater reductions in sagebrush (<em>Artemisia</em> <em>tridentata</em>; 27% vs. 6%) and concomitant increases in herbaceous (40% vs. 55%) cover. These differences declined with time since fire but persisted for at least two decades. Burns were dominated by a suite of native perennial grasses, forbs, and a re-sprouting shrub species. Historically, such openings may have served as seasonal GUSG habitat. Burns exhibited slightly increased cover (4% vs. 1%) of a widely-planted non-native perennial grass, crested wheatgrass (<em>Agropyron</em> <em>cristatum</em>). </p> <p>Our results suggest that parts of the UGB sagebrush landscapes were characterized historically by frequent fire and dynamic vegetation mosaics that included open, grassy patches. These findings are consistent with the use of prescribed fire to restore and maintain this ecological process and vegetation heterogeneity. However, the contemporary context for fire has changed, and now includes substantially reduced (Endangered Species Act) ESA-listed GUSG populations, increased risk of non-native plant invasion, and climate warming. These circumstances highlight new risks, information needs, and opportunities for key knowledge co-production via management-research partnerships. </p>
Data for: From southern Africa and beyond: historical biogeography of a monocotyledonous bulbous geophyte
<p><em><strong>Aim</strong></em></p> <p>Low taxon sampling and taxonomic uncertainties still obscure our evolutionary knowledge of many taxa, especially widespread lineages across diverse landscapes. Of particular interest are those lineages inhabiting seasonal and arid landscapes, which showcase unique distributional patterns that hint at fascinating histories. Using the most comprehensive sampling to date of a widespread bulbous monocot, we hypothesize two independent dispersals to Madagascar, and that vicariance due to Miocene-driven aridification contracted a once-widespread distribution between Africa and Eurasia.</p> <p><em><strong><span>Location</span></strong></em></p> <p><span>Sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar, Eurasia</span></p> <p><em><strong>Taxon</strong></em></p> <p>Ledebouriinae (Scilloideae, Asparagaceae)</p> <p><em><strong>Methods</strong></em></p> <p>Using the Angiosperms353 probe set for 195 taxa (86 ingroup taxa), we perform phylogenetic reconstruction using IQ-Tree, and we infer age estimates using penalized likelihood as implemented in treePL. Capitalizing on our broad geographic sampling, which includes African, Malagasy, and Eurasian taxa, we use 'BioGeoBEARS' to reconstruct ancestral ranges and investigate the role of vicariance and dispersal. </p> <p><em><strong>Results</strong></em></p> <p>The Ledebouriinae originated within the past ~30 myr in southeastern sub-Saharan Africa, with the major subclades arising soon thereafter. Although long-distance dispersal cannot be fully ruled out, we argue that vicariance was the major process responsible for the current distribution of <em>Ledebouria</em> in Eurasia. We recover two distinct <em>Ledebouria</em> groups that overlap in eastern Africa, but are divided into mostly northern and southern clades with divergent biogeographical histories, each showing an independent dispersal to Madagascar. A similar north-south split is seen in <em>Drimiopsis</em>. Additionally, we recover a complex biogeographic history in the predominantly sub-Saharan African Ledebouria clade, with a rapid radiation at ~14 mya.</p> <p><em><strong>Main conclusions</strong></em></p> <p>The expansion of seasonal rainfall and aridity in sub-Saharan Africa, coupled with orogenic activity, may have fostered the diversification of the Ledebouriinae and many subclades. Miocene-driven aridification may have caused fragmentation of a once widespread distribution that led to their occurrence in Eurasia.</p>
Historical data set for the Flumendosa case study in Sardinia, Italy.
<p>The files COUT, WTMP, EVAP, CTMP contain the outflow, outflow water temperature, evapotranspiration and corrected air temperature of the sub basins respectively. CCIN, CCON, CCTN, CCTP, CCPP, CCSP, CCSS, CCTS are the concentrations of inorganic ang organic nitrogen; the total nitrogen and phosphorus; the particulate and soluble phosphorus and the suspended and total sediment. CPRC is the corrected precipitation and UPVAP the evapotranspiration from the upstream area of each sub basin.</p>
Primewater Flumendosa (Sardinia) case study historical data
<p>Historical data for the Flumendosa (sardinia, Italy) PrimeWater case study. The files COUT, WTMP, EVAP, CTMP contain the outflow, outflow water temperature, evapotranspiration and corrected air temperature of the sub basins respectively. CCIN, CCON, CCTN, CCTP, CCPP, CCSP, CCSS, CCTS are the concentrations of inorganic ang organic nitrogen; the total nitrogen and phosphorus; the particulate and soluble phosphorus and the suspended and total sediment. CPRC is the corrected precipitation and UPVAP the evapotranspiration from the upstream area of each sub basin.</p>
Primewater L. Hume case study historical data
<p>Historial dataset for the Lake Hume case study of the PrimeWater project. The files COUT, WTMP, EVAP, CTMP, CCIN, CCON, CCPP, CCSP, CCTN, CCTP, CCSS, CCTS, CPRC contain the outflow, outflow water temperature, evapotranspiration and corrected air temperature, inorganic nitrogen, organic nitrogen, particulate phosphorus, soluble reactive phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, suspended sediment, total sediment and the corrected precipitation of the sub basins respectively. UPVAP contains the evapotranspiration from the upstream area of each sub basin.</p>
Primewater Mulargia (Sardinia) case study historical data
<p>Historical data for the Mulargia (sardinia, Italy) PrimeWater case study. The files COUT, WTMP, EVAP, CTMP, CCIN, CCON, CCPP, CCSP, CCTN, CCTP, CCSS, CCTS, CPRC contain the outflow, outflow water temperature, evapotranspiration and corrected air temperature, inorganic nitrogen, organic nitrogen, particulate phosphorus, soluble reactive phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, suspended sediment, total sediment and the corrected precipitation of the sub basins respectively. UPVAP contains the evapotranspiration from the upstream area of each sub basin.</p>
Primewater L. Harsha case study historical data
<p>Historical data-set for the Lake Harsha case study under the PrimeWater project. The files COUT, WTMP, EVAP, CTMP, CCIN, CCON, CCPP, CCSP, CCTN, CCTP, CCSS, CCTS, CPRC contain the outflow, outflow water temperature, evapotranspiration and corrected air temperature, inorganic nitrogen, organic nitrogen, particulate phosphorus, soluble reactive phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, suspended sediment, total sediment and the corrected precipitation of the sub basins respectively. UPVAP contains the evapotranspiration from the upstream area of each sub basin.</p>
Data from: Estimating potential global sources and secondary spread of freshwater invasions under historical and future climates
<p>Aim: We employ a climate-matching method to evaluate potential source regions of freshwater invasive species to an introduced region and their potential secondary spread under historical and future climates.</p> <p>Location: Global source regions, with primary introductions to the Laurentian Great Lakes and secondary introductions throughout North America</p> <p>Methods: We conducted a climate-match analysis using the CLIMATE algorithm to estimate global source freshwater ecoregions under historical and future climates with an ensemble of general circulation models for climate change scenario SSP5-8.5. Given existing research, we use a climate match of ≥ 71.7% between ecoregions to indicate climatic conditions that will not inhibit the survival of introduced freshwater organisms. Further, we estimate the secondary spread of freshwater invaders to the ecoregions of North America under historical and future climates.</p> <p>Results: We identified 54 global freshwater ecoregions with a climate match ≥ 71.7% to the recipient Laurentian Great Lakes under historical climatic conditions and 11 additional ecoregions were predicted to exceed the threshold under climate change. Three of the 11 ecoregions were located in South America, a continent where no matches existed under historical climates and eight were located in the southern United States, southern Europe, Japan, and New Zealand. Further, we identify 34 North American ecoregions of potential secondary spread of freshwater invasions from the Great Lakes under historical climatic conditions, and five ecoregions were predicted to exceed the threshold under climate change.</p> <p>Main conclusion: We provide a climate-match method that can be employed to assess the sources and spread of freshwater invasions under historical and future climate scenarios. Our climate-match method predicted increases in climate match between the recipient region and several potential source regions, and changes in areas of potential spread under climate change. The identified ecoregions are candidates for detailed biosecurity risk assessments and related management actions. The identified ecoregions are candidates for detailed biosecurity risk assessments and related management actions.</p>
Data from: Historical biogeography supports Point Conception as the site of turnover between temperate East Pacific ichthyofaunas
<p>The cold temperate and subtropical marine faunas of the Northeastern Pacific meet within California as part of one of the few eastern boundary upwelling ecosystems in the world. Traditionally, it is believed that Point Conception is the precise site of turnover between these two faunas due to sharp changes in oceanographic conditions. However, evidence from intraspecific phylogeography and species range terminals do not support this view, finding stronger biogeographic breaks elsewhere along the coast. Here I develop a new application of historical biogeographic approaches to uncover sites of transition between faunas without needing an <em>a priori</em> hypothesis of where these occur. I used this approach to determine whether the point of transition between northern and southern temperate faunas occurs at Point Conception or elsewhere within California. I also examined expert-vetted latitudinal range data of California fish species from the 1970s and the 2020s to assess how biogeography could change with the backdrop of climate change. The site of turnover was found to occur near Point Conception, in concordance with the traditional view. I suggest that recent species- and population-level processes could be expected to give signals of different events from historical biogeography, possibly explaining the discrepancy across studies. Species richness of California has increased since the 1970s, mostly due to species's ranges expanding northward from Baja California (Mexico). Range shifts under warming conditions seem to be increasing the disparity between northern and southern faunas of California, creating a more divergent biogeography.</p>
Pakistani historical wheat panel 37K SNP data
<p>A collection of 196 historical wheat cultivars of Pakistan released between 1911 to 2022 were subjected to DNA fingerprinting using 16K genotyping-by-targeted sequencing (GBTS) platform. This platform is based on NGS and the 16K probes were resequenced. The resequencing data was aligned to Chinese Spring RefSeq version 1.1 and SNPcalling was performed. This resulted in 37K mSNP (multiple SNPs) DNA fingerprinting data. This is thus far the most comprehensive DNA fingerprinting data of all released cultivars of wheat so far. This data is publically available and can be used in research and publications subject to the acknowledgement. </p>
Data from: Isolation by instability: historical climate change shapes population structure and genomic divergence of treefrogs in the Neotropical Cerrado savanna
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: A treasure from the past: former sperm whale distribution in Indonesian waters unveiled using distribution models and historical whaling data
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.