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271 results for “introduced species”
Figure 1 from: Boer P, Loss AC, Bakker F, Beentjes K, Fisher BL (2020) Monomorium sahlbergi Emery, 1898 (Formicidae, Hymenoptera): a cryptic globally introduced species. ZooKeys 979: 87-97. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.979.55342
Figure 1 Monomorium sahlbergi from Sacramento, USA, imported from Thailand. Worker, CASENT0005783A frontal view B lateral view C dorsal habitus.
Data from: Trophic consequences of introduced species: comparative impacts of increased inter-specific versus intra-specific competitive interactions
1. Invasive species can cause substantial ecological impacts on native biodiversity. Whilst ecological theory attempts to explain the processes involved in the trophic integration of invaders into native food webs and their competitive impacts on resident species, results are equivocal. In addition, quantifying the relative strength of impacts from non-native species (inter-specific competition) versus the release of native conspecifics (intra-specific competition) is important but rarely completed. 2. Two model non-native fishes, the globally invasive Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus, and the model native fish Tinca tinca, were used in a pond experiment to test how increased intra- and inter-specific competition influenced trophic niches and somatic growth rates. This was complemented by samples collected from three natural fish communities where the model fishes were present. The isotopic niche, calculated using stable isotope data, represented the trophic niche. 3. The pond experiment used additive and substitutive treatments to quantify the trophic niche variation that resulted from intra- and inter-specific competitive interactions. Although the trophic niche sizes of the model species were not significantly altered by any competitive treatment, they all resulted in patterns of inter-specific niche divergence. Increased inter-specific competition caused the trophic niche of T. tinca to shift to a significantly higher trophic position, whereas intra-specific competition caused its position to shift towards elevated δ13C. These patterns were independent of impacts on fish growth rates, which were only significantly altered when inter-specific competition was elevated. 4. In the natural fish communities, patterns of trophic niche partitioning between the model fishes was evident, with no niche sharing. Comparison of these results with those of the experiment revealed the most similar results between the two approaches were for the niche partitioning between sympatric T. tinca and C. carpio. 5. These results indicate that trophic niche divergence facilitates the integration of introduced species into food webs, but there are differences in how this manifests between introductions that increase inter- and intra-specific competition. In entirety, these results suggest that the initial ecological response to an introduction appears to be a trophic re-organisation of the food web that minimises the trophic interactions between competing species.
Data from: Introduced ants reduce interaction diversity in a multi-species, ant-aphid mutualism
Mutualisms contribute in fundamental ways to the origin, maintenance and organization of biological diversity. Introduced species commonly participate in mutualisms, but how this phenomenon affects patterns of interactions among native mutualists remains incompletely understood. Here we examine how networks of interactions among aphid-tending ants, ant-tended aphids, and aphid-attacking parasitoid wasps differ between 12 spatially paired riparian study sites with and without the introduced Argentine ant Linepithema humile in southern California. To resolve challenges in species identification, we used DNA barcoding to identify aphids and screen for parasitoid wasps (developing inside their aphid hosts) from 170 aphid aggregations sampled on arroyo willow Salix lasiolepis. Compared to uninvaded sites, invaded sites supported significantly fewer species of aphid-tending ants and ant-tended aphids. At invaded sites, for example, we found only two species of ant-tended aphids, which were exclusively tended by L. humile, whereas at uninvaded sites we found 20 unique ant–aphid interactions involving eight species of ant-tended aphids and nine species of aphid-tending ants. Ant–aphid linkage density was thus significantly lower at invaded sites compared to uninvaded sites. We detected aphid parasitoids in 14% (28/198) of all aphid aggregations. Although the level of parasitism did not differ between invaded and uninvaded sites, more species of wasps were detected within uninvaded sites compared to invaded sites. These results provide a striking example of how the assimilation of introduced species into multi-species mutualisms can reduce interaction diversity with potential consequences for species persistence.
Data from: Soil microbial species loss affects plant biomass and survival of an introduced bacterial strain, but not inducible plant defences
- Background and Aims: Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains can influence plant-insect interactions. However, little is known about the effect of changes in the soil bacterial community in general and especially the loss of rare soil microbes on these interactions. Here, the influence of rare soil microbe-reduction on induced systemic resistance (ISR) in a wild ecotype of Arabidopsis thaliana against the aphid Myzus persicae was investigated. - Methods: To create a gradient of microbial abundances, soil was inoculated with a serial dilution of a microbial community and responses of Arabidopsis plants that originated from the same site as the soil microbes were tested. Plant biomass, transcription of genes involved in plant defences, and insect performance were measured. In addition, the effects of the PGPR strain Pseudomonas fluorescens SS101 on plant and insect performance were tested under influence of the various soil dilution treatments. - Key Results: Plant biomass showed a hump-shaped relationship with soil microbial community dilution, independent of aphid or Pseudomonas treatments. Both aphid infestation and inoculation with Pseudomonas reduced plant biomass, and led to downregulation of PR1 (salicylic acid-responsive gene) and CYP79B3 (involved in synthesis of glucosinolates). Aphid performance and gene transcription were unaffected by soil dilution. - Conclusions: Neither the loss of rare microbial species, as caused by soil dilution, nor Pseudomonas, affect the resistance of A. thaliana against M. persicae. However, both Pseudomonas survival and plant biomass respond to rare species loss. Thus, loss of rare soil microbial species can have a significant impact on both above- and belowground organisms.
FIGURE 4 in Contribution to the knowledge of cotylean flatworms (Turbellaria, Polycladida) from Iranian coasts: Introducing a new species, with remarks on new records
FIGURE 4. Pseudobiceros uniarborensis. Live specimens.
Supplementary material 1 from: Zamora-Marín JM, Ruiz-Navarro A, Oficialdegui FJ, Anastácio PM, Miranda R, García-Murillo P, Cobo F, Ribeiro F, Gallardo B, García-Berthou E, Boix D, Medina L, Morcillo F, Oscoz J, Guillén A, Herrero-Reyes AA, Aguiar FC, Almeida D, Arias A, Ayres C, Banha F, Barca S, Biurrun I, Cabezas MP, Calero S, Campos JA, Capdevila-Argüelles L, Capinha C, Carapeto A, Casals F, Chainho P, Cirujano S, Clavero M, Cuesta JA, Deltoro V, Encarnação J, Fernández-Delgado C, Franco J, García-Meseguer AJ, Guareschi S, Guerrero-Gómez A, Hermoso V, López-Cañizares C, López-Soriano J, Machordom A, Martelo J, Mellado-Díaz A, Moreno JC, Olivo del Amo R, Otero JC, Perdices A, Pou-Rovira Q, Quiñonero-Salgado S, Rodríguez-Merino A, Ros M, Sánchez-Gullón E, Sánchez MI, Sánchez-Fernández D, Sánchez-González JR, Soriano O, Teodósio MA, Torralva M, Vieira-Lanero R, Zamora-López A, Oliva-Paterna FJ (2023) A multi-taxa assessment of aquatic non-indigenous species introduced into Iberian freshwater and transitional waters. NeoBiota 89: 17-44. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.89.105994
All data of the recorded NIS
Supplementary material 2 from: Zamora-Marín JM, Ruiz-Navarro A, Oficialdegui FJ, Anastácio PM, Miranda R, García-Murillo P, Cobo F, Ribeiro F, Gallardo B, García-Berthou E, Boix D, Medina L, Morcillo F, Oscoz J, Guillén A, Herrero-Reyes AA, Aguiar FC, Almeida D, Arias A, Ayres C, Banha F, Barca S, Biurrun I, Cabezas MP, Calero S, Campos JA, Capdevila-Argüelles L, Capinha C, Carapeto A, Casals F, Chainho P, Cirujano S, Clavero M, Cuesta JA, Deltoro V, Encarnação J, Fernández-Delgado C, Franco J, García-Meseguer AJ, Guareschi S, Guerrero-Gómez A, Hermoso V, López-Cañizares C, López-Soriano J, Machordom A, Martelo J, Mellado-Díaz A, Moreno JC, Olivo del Amo R, Otero JC, Perdices A, Pou-Rovira Q, Quiñonero-Salgado S, Rodríguez-Merino A, Ros M, Sánchez-Gullón E, Sánchez MI, Sánchez-Fernández D, Sánchez-González JR, Soriano O, Teodósio MA, Torralva M, Vieira-Lanero R, Zamora-López A, Oliva-Paterna FJ (2023) A multi-taxa assessment of aquatic non-indigenous species introduced into Iberian freshwater and transitional waters. NeoBiota 89: 17-44. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.89.105994
Supplementary images
FIGURE 77 in Balclutha jafara (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): integrative identification of a species introduced in the Western Hemisphere, and notes on other Balclutha
FIGURE 77. Mainland Africa and Indian Oceanic Island records of B. jafara and B. sujawalensis.
Supplementary material 11 from: Tichit P, Brickle P, Newton RJ, Convey P, Dawson W (2024) Introduced species infiltrate recent stages of succession after glacial retreat on sub-Antarctic South Georgia. NeoBiota 92: 85-110. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.92.117226
Plant and invertebrate inventory on glacial forelands of South Georgia (2022–2023)
Supplementary material 7 from: Tichit P, Brickle P, Newton RJ, Convey P, Dawson W (2024) Introduced species infiltrate recent stages of succession after glacial retreat on sub-Antarctic South Georgia. NeoBiota 92: 85-110. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.92.117226
Description of the introduced species observed in the survey (n = 9)
Supplementary material 9 from: Tichit P, Brickle P, Newton RJ, Convey P, Dawson W (2024) Introduced species infiltrate recent stages of succession after glacial retreat on sub-Antarctic South Georgia. NeoBiota 92: 85-110. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.92.117226
Species sampling curves for each surveyed transect
Supplementary material 2 from: Tichit P, Brickle P, Newton RJ, Convey P, Dawson W (2024) Introduced species infiltrate recent stages of succession after glacial retreat on sub-Antarctic South Georgia. NeoBiota 92: 85-110. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.92.117226
Adapted Braun-Blanquet scale used in the study of inland glacier sites
Supplementary material 12 from: Tichit P, Brickle P, Newton RJ, Convey P, Dawson W (2024) Introduced species infiltrate recent stages of succession after glacial retreat on sub-Antarctic South Georgia. NeoBiota 92: 85-110. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.92.117226
Bryophyte and lichen morphospecies observed on glacial forelands of South Georgia (2022–2023)
Supplementary material 4 from: Tichit P, Brickle P, Newton RJ, Convey P, Dawson W (2024) Introduced species infiltrate recent stages of succession after glacial retreat on sub-Antarctic South Georgia. NeoBiota 92: 85-110. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.92.117226
Model traces, conditional effects and posterior predictive check of each modelled variable
Supplementary material 6 from: Tichit P, Brickle P, Newton RJ, Convey P, Dawson W (2024) Introduced species infiltrate recent stages of succession after glacial retreat on sub-Antarctic South Georgia. NeoBiota 92: 85-110. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.92.117226
List of species found at tidewater and inland glacier sites
Supplementary material 3 from: Tichit P, Brickle P, Newton RJ, Convey P, Dawson W (2024) Introduced species infiltrate recent stages of succession after glacial retreat on sub-Antarctic South Georgia. NeoBiota 92: 85-110. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.92.117226
Results of model selection, based on the posterior likelihood of models for each variable
Figure 1 from: Phookamsak R, Hongsanan S, Bhat DJ, Wanasinghe DN, Promputtha I, Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Xie N, Dawoud TM, Mortimer PE, Xu J, Lumyong S (2024) Exploring ascomycete diversity in Yunnan II: Introducing three novel species in the suborder Massarineae (Dothideomycetes, Pleosporales) from fern and grasses. In: Wijayawardene N, Karunarathna S, Fan X-L, Li Q-R (Eds) Taxonomy and secondary metabolites of wood-associated fungi. MycoKeys 104: 9-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.104.112149
Figure 1 Phylogram of the best-scoring ML consensus tree of taxa in Bambusicolaceae and Occultibambusaceae. The new isolate is indicated in blue. Isolates from type materials are in bold. The ML ultrafast bootstrap and Bayesian PP values greater than 60% and 0.90 are shown at the nodes.
Figure 2 from: Phookamsak R, Hongsanan S, Bhat DJ, Wanasinghe DN, Promputtha I, Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Xie N, Dawoud TM, Mortimer PE, Xu J, Lumyong S (2024) Exploring ascomycete diversity in Yunnan II: Introducing three novel species in the suborder Massarineae (Dothideomycetes, Pleosporales) from fern and grasses. In: Wijayawardene N, Karunarathna S, Fan X-L, Li Q-R (Eds) Taxonomy and secondary metabolites of wood-associated fungi. MycoKeys 104: 9-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.104.112149
Figure 2 Phylogram of the best-scoring ML consensus tree of Trichobotrys species in Dictyosporiaceae and closely-related families viz. Didymosphaeriaceae, Lentitheciaceae, Morosphaeriaceae, Sulcatisporaceae and Trematosphaeriaceae. The new isolate is indicated in blue. Isolates from type materials are in bold. The ML ultrafast bootstrap and Bayesian PP values greater than 70% and 0.95 are shown at the nodes.
Figure 5 from: Phookamsak R, Hongsanan S, Bhat DJ, Wanasinghe DN, Promputtha I, Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Xie N, Dawoud TM, Mortimer PE, Xu J, Lumyong S (2024) Exploring ascomycete diversity in Yunnan II: Introducing three novel species in the suborder Massarineae (Dothideomycetes, Pleosporales) from fern and grasses. In: Wijayawardene N, Karunarathna S, Fan X-L, Li Q-R (Eds) Taxonomy and secondary metabolites of wood-associated fungi. MycoKeys 104: 9-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.104.112149
Figure 5 Trichobotrys sinensis (KUN-HKAS 129041, holotype) A, B the appearance of colonies on the host surface C mycelium D–H conidiophores bearing conidiogenous cells and conidia I conidia in a short acropetal chain J–N conidia O culture characteristics on PDAP conidioma forming on PDA after eight weeks Q pycnidial wall R–T conidiogenous cells (note: T = stained in Congo red) U conidia. Scale bars: 100 μm (P); 50 μm (C); 10 μm (D–H, Q–U); 5 μm (J–N).
Figure 3 from: Phookamsak R, Hongsanan S, Bhat DJ, Wanasinghe DN, Promputtha I, Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Xie N, Dawoud TM, Mortimer PE, Xu J, Lumyong S (2024) Exploring ascomycete diversity in Yunnan II: Introducing three novel species in the suborder Massarineae (Dothideomycetes, Pleosporales) from fern and grasses. In: Wijayawardene N, Karunarathna S, Fan X-L, Li Q-R (Eds) Taxonomy and secondary metabolites of wood-associated fungi. MycoKeys 104: 9-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.104.112149
Figure 3 Phylogram of the best-scoring ML consensus tree of taxa in Periconiaceae and the closely-related families Lentitheciaceae and Massarinaceae. The new isolate is indicated in blue. Isolates from type materials are in bold. The ML ultrafast bootstrap and Bayesian PP values greater than 50% and 0.95 are shown at the nodes.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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