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Neonate personality affects early-life resource acquisition in a large social mammal
<p>This file contains the raw data files and R-scripts used for producing the final data sets analyzed in the paper: "Neonate personality affects early-life resource acquisition in a large social mammal". A full and detailed description of the methods can be found in the manuscript, or at request from the author (BA).</p> <p> The R-scripts can be used to follow all the steps taken in producing the final data sets. The findings in the paper can be then reproduced by using the code provided in the supplementary materials (of the paper). </p> <p>The file contains data taken from >150 newborn fallow deer fawns (<em>Dama dama</em>), in two different cohorts. Data were taken at capture and recapture of these fawns, during their first weeks of life. During this period, fallow deer fawns adopt a hiding-strategy where they hide in the vegatation from potential predators. Furthermore, it contains time budget data taken at summer, when fawns were 1-2 months old, and at autumn, when fawns were 3-6 months old. The final file is a datafile that contains data on the days that fawns were spotted in a group of deer for the first time, after their hider-phase.</p> <p>We have provided a README.docx file, which contains additional descriptions of the raw data set and the variables it includes.</p>
Behavior preferences between medium-large mammals in Atlantic Forest and Cerrado inside a public university of Southeastern Brazil
<p>We studied large and medium-sized mammals in a modified landscape between the Atlantic Forest and a Cerrado transitional zone (Brazil). We used eight camera traps between August 2016 and August 2017, totaling 75840 camera hours or 3,160 camera trap days. The sampling effort was evaluated from a rarefaction curve based on the daily sampling. We conducted comparative univariate and multivariate ordination statistical analyses. We recorded 19 species in 13 families. The most recorded species were S. scrofa and Cerdocyon thous , while the least recorded were Cuniculus paca, Didelphis albiventris and Tamandua tetradactyla. Richness and total records do not differ among day period, month, season, vegetation type, and moon phase. Individually, species abundance nevertheless sometimes showed trends for these factors. S. scrofa dominated all landscapes and periods of the year because it is an opportunist species that rapidly reproduces and lacks natural efficient predators. The presence of this species reduces the dissimilarity of the community, but when it is removed, the dissimilarity of native species increases. The modified landscape studied here is an important area for mammalian fauna owing to high richness; some species in the area are threatened with extinction. The wide temporal sampling effort contributed to a high number of mammal species records, although without spatial variation.</p>
Mammal occurrence records (2015-18) in the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India
<p>This dataset contains Mammal occurrence records (2015-18) in the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India. It includes a few occurrence records of other chordates. Occurrence records were gathered in the field by researchers of the Nature Conservation Foundation, India, using a mobile data collection application. Suggested citation is:<br> Nature Conservation Foundation (2022). Mammal occurrence records (2015-18) in the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India. Nature Conservation Foundation, India. Dataset, Zenodo. DOI:<br> <br> CONTACT #1<br> 1. Name: T. R. Shankar Raman<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: trsr@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-3953</p> <p>CONTACT #2<br> 1. Name: Divya Mudappa<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: divya@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9708-4826</p> <p>Keywords: tropical rainforest, plantations, Anamalai Hills, animal distribution, </p> <p>Geographic Coverage:<br> 1. Location/Study Area: Valparai Plateau, Tamil Nadu, India; Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India<br> 2. GPS coordinates: Valparai Plateau (10°15'- 10°22'N, 76°52' - 76°59'E); Anamalai Tiger Reserve (10°12' - 10°35'N, 76°49' - 77°24'E)</p> <p>Temporal Coverage:<br> 1. Begins: 2015-01-01 (Year, Month, Day)<br> 2. Ends: 2018-10-31 (Year, Month, Day)</p> <p>Besides this 000_README.txt file, the dataset includes 326 images (photographs) and three comma-delimited text (csv) files as explained below:</p> <ol> <li>001_valparai_mammals.csv -- raw data file from the mobile app (columns are self-explanatory)</li> <li>002_valparai_mammals.csv -- raw data file of linked images from the mobile app (columns are self-explanatory)</li> <li>003_mammal_occurrence_zenodo_2015-18.csv -- curated and compiled dataset with the following columns:</li> </ol> <ul> <li>observation_id: unique id given to a record (corresponds to fulcrum_id in raw data set) observation</li> <li>latitude: latitude in decimal degrees N (WGS 84 datum)</li> <li>longitude: longitude in decimal degrees E (WGS 84 datum)</li> <li>date_: date of observation</li> <li>time: time of observation</li> <li>place: locality name</li> <li>type_of_observation: type of observation indicating whether it was sighting, sign (based on Vocalisation/call, track/pugmark, scat/dung), death, electrocution, roadkill</li> <li>notes: general notes and remarks including number of individuals where available</li> <li>photo: reference id of corresponding photograph (as in the jpg filename)</li> <li>gps_altitude: altitude in metres estimated by the phone GPS</li> <li>gps_horizontal_accuracy: horizontal accuracy in metres estimated by the phone GPS (set at 500 m in a few cases where GPS location was assigned based on locality name)</li> <li>verbatimIdentification: taxon name as noted originally</li> <li>scientificName: scientific name (or Family in a few cases)</li> <li>vernacularName: common or English name</li> <li>recordedBy: names of observers (separated by | )</li> <li>georeferenceRemarks: remarks on georeference</li> <li>occurrenceID: unique occurrence ID assigned to each taxon (recorded under an observation_id)</li> </ul>
Medium-sized to large mammals of a human-modified area in the state of São Paulo
<p>Habitat modification is a major threat to biodiversity, and the Cerrado has been under high disturbances for the last decades, therefore, natural remnants lands play an important role in conserving local biodiversity. The São Paulo state contains few native remnants of Cerrado, generally surrounded by agriculture, which can shelter some species. Here we report the medium- and large-sized mammals found in a rural landscape in the Cerrado of São Paulo and the assessed annual richness. We set camera traps to survey mammals from 2013 to 2018. We recorded 21 different species from 13 families and 8 orders, from which 5 were exotic. The presence of exotic species indicates anthropogenic influence. The observed and estimated species richness showed almost no difference in the first year of sampling, but from 2014 onwards, the richness difference became greater. The most record species in 2018 was the coati (<em>Nasua nasua</em>), followed by the puma (<em>Puma concolor</em>), the giant anteater (<em>Myrmecophaga tridactyla</em>). Small natural remnants in private lands can work as ecological corridors, guaranteeing connectivity among patches in the landscape. These results highlight the importance of the small remnants in the southern domain of the Cerrado.</p>
Fig. 2 in Difference In Small Mammal Assemblages In The Diet Of The Common Barn-Owl Tyto Alba Between Two Landscapes
Fig. 2. Difference of estimated species richness of the Common Barn-owl's food composition between two landscape categories, based on individual rarefaction analysis
Fig. 1 in Difference In Small Mammal Assemblages In The Diet Of The Common Barn-Owl Tyto Alba Between Two Landscapes
Fig. 1. Study area in the South-Transdanubian region, Hungary, showing the location of sampled nesting sites (settlements) and the two separated landscape types, indicated by different symbols
Fig. 3 in Difference In Small Mammal Assemblages In The Diet Of The Common Barn-Owl Tyto Alba Between Two Landscapes
Fig. 3. Variables factor maps at land-use level (A), species level (B) and guild level (C) in case of the agricultural lands (D-AL) and the semi-natural habitats (D-SNH)
Text-fig. 6. Correlation of the Cheringoma and Mazamba formations on the basis of benthic foraminiferans and mammals respectively. Identifications of foraminiferans are from Newton (1924) and Abrard (1928), and the ranges of foraminiferans are from Sella-Kiel et al. (1998). The time scale is from Gradstein et al. (2020). The distribution of Nummulites atacicus is included, but it is not known whether it is reworked from older deposits. If the identification is valid, it would support the thesis that there was a period of Ypresian deposition in the vicinity during which remains of the species were fossilised. in Stratigraphy, Chronology And Palaeontology Of The Tertiary Rocks Of The Cheringoma Plateau, Mozambique
Text-fig. 6. Correlation of the Cheringoma and Mazamba formations on the basis of benthic foraminiferans and mammals respectively. Identifications of foraminiferans are from Newton (1924) and Abrard (1928), and the ranges of foraminiferans are from Sella-Kiel et al. (1998). The time scale is from Gradstein et al. (2020). The distribution of Nummulites atacicus is included, but it is not known whether it is reworked from older deposits. If the identification is valid, it would support the thesis that there was a period of Ypresian deposition in the vicinity during which remains of the species were fossilised.
Text-fig. 21. Femur head from White Patch Bone Site belonging to a large mammal approximately the size of a pygmy hippopotamus, probably an embrithopod. View of ligamentary fossa. in Stratigraphy, Chronology And Palaeontology Of The Tertiary Rocks Of The Cheringoma Plateau, Mozambique
Text-fig. 21. Femur head from White Patch Bone Site belonging to a large mammal approximately the size of a pygmy hippopotamus, probably an embrithopod. View of ligamentary fossa.
Fig. 6. A in Whale temples are unique repositories for understanding marine mammal diversity in Central Vietnam
Fig. 6. A, left dorsolateral view of the skull of DN2019-T4-001, Balaenoptera omurai; B, dorsal view of the vertex of the skull of DN2019-T4-001, Balaenoptera omurai; C, left lateral view of the skull of DN2019-T8-001, Dugong dugon.
Fig. 5. A in Whale temples are unique repositories for understanding marine mammal diversity in Central Vietnam
Fig. 5. A selection of odontocete skulls, highlighting most of the species identified during the survey. All photographs of additional specimens can be viewed in the Supplemental Information. A, dorsal view of the skull of CI2019-T1-002, Neophocaena phocaenoides; B, ventral view of the skull of CI2019-T1-002, Neophocaena phocaenoides; C, dorsal view of the skull of DN2019-T1-005, Tursiops aduncus; D, ventral view of the skull of DN2019-T1-005, Tursiops aduncus; E, dorsal view of the skull of HA2019-T4-006, Sousa chinensis; F, ventral view of the skull of HA2019-T4-006, Sousa chinensis; G, dorsal view of the skull of HA2019-T4-001, Stenella attenuata; H, ventral view of the skull of HA2019-T4-001, Stenella attenuata; I, dorsal view of the skull of DN2019-T2-003, Lagenodelphis hosei; J, ventral view of the skull of DN2019-T2-003, Lagenodelphis hosei; K, dorsal view of the skull of HA2019-T4-002, Pseudorca crassidens; L, ventral view of the skull of HA2019-T4-002, Pseudorca crassidens; M, dorsal view of the skull of CI2019-T1-001, Feresa attenuata; N, ventral view of the skull of CI2019-T1-001, Feresa attenuata; O, dorsal view of the skull of DN2019-T1-022, Globicephala macrorhynchus; P, ventral view of the skull of DN2019-T1-022, Globicephala macrorhynchus; Q, dorsal view of the skull of DN2019-T1-007, Delphinus delphis (long-beaked form); R, ventral view of the skull of DN2019-T1-007, Delphinus delphis (long-beaked form); S, dorsal view of the skull of DN2019-T4-008, Grampus griseus; T, ventral view of the skull of DN2019-T4-008, Grampus griseus.
Fig. 4. A in Whale temples are unique repositories for understanding marine mammal diversity in Central Vietnam
Fig. 4. A, collection of urns with marine mammal skulls from DN2019-T8, Đà Nẵng; B, central altar of HA2019-T4, Hội An; C, central altar of DN2019-T5 (Đà Nẵng) with glass casket of bones in the background; D, large tomb at the temple CI2019-T1 on the Cham Islands.
Fig. 3 in Whale temples are unique repositories for understanding marine mammal diversity in Central Vietnam
Fig. 3. Six examples of central buildings of traditional whale temple complexes. A, HA2019-T2, Hội An; B, DN2019-T6, Đà Nẵng; C, DN2019-T7, Đà Nẵng; D, DN2019-T1, Đà Nẵng; E, HA2019-T1, Hội An; F, DN2019-T1, Đà Nẵng.
Fig. 2. A in Whale temples are unique repositories for understanding marine mammal diversity in Central Vietnam
Fig. 2. A, the central altar of DN2019-T4, Đà Nẵng; B, temple near Hội An, HA2019-T4 in the shape of a Vietnamese fishing boat.
Fig. 1 in Whale temples are unique repositories for understanding marine mammal diversity in Central Vietnam
Fig. 1. The locations of whale temples visited during this study in central Vietnam marked with red triangles.
Text-fig. 1. a: Po Plain and foothills of the Northern Apennine in Northern Italy (inset) with the location of Oriolo (black star) and other Early and Middle Pleistocene plant localities, Enza and Stirone. Red lines indicate the frontal thrust arcs (modified from Martinetto et al. 2015). b: The "La Salita" section, Oriolo and chronology of the two "Sabbie gialle" cycles based on large mammals and palaeomagnetic correlation (modified from Toniato et al. 2017; IMMS 2020* [Italian Mediterranean Marine Stages] updated from Cohen and Gibbars 2020; GTS 2021* [Global Time Scale] updated from Head et al. 2021). c: Quarry "La Salita", Oriolo, in 1987. Main unconformities (U) separating the two "Sabbie gialle" cycles and terrestrial deposits on top are shown. Leaf symbols indicate the positions of some of the layers rich in fossil leaves (photo by G. B. Vai, modified). d: Surroundings of Faenza with the location of Oriolo and adjacent coeval sites yielding plant macrofossils. in The Late Early Pleistocene Flora Of Oriolo, Faenza (Italy): Assembly Of The Modern Forest Biome
Text-fig. 1. a: Po Plain and foothills of the Northern Apennine in Northern Italy (inset) with the location of Oriolo (black star) and other Early and Middle Pleistocene plant localities, Enza and Stirone. Red lines indicate the frontal thrust arcs (modified from Martinetto et al. 2015). b: The "La Salita" section, Oriolo and chronology of the two "Sabbie gialle" cycles based on large mammals and palaeomagnetic correlation (modified from Toniato et al. 2017; IMMS 2020* [Italian Mediterranean Marine Stages] updated from Cohen and Gibbars 2020; GTS 2021* [Global Time Scale] updated from Head et al. 2021). c: Quarry "La Salita", Oriolo, in 1987. Main unconformities (U) separating the two "Sabbie gialle" cycles and terrestrial deposits on top are shown. Leaf symbols indicate the positions of some of the layers rich in fossil leaves (photo by G. B. Vai, modified). d: Surroundings of Faenza with the location of Oriolo and adjacent coeval sites yielding plant macrofossils.
Breaking the constraint on the number of cervical vertebrae in mammals: on homeotic transformations in lorises and pottos
<p><strong>Data-collection</strong></p> <p><em>Specimens</em>. We analysed 1090 skeletons of wild-born primates belonging to 60 species of ten families (Table 1). These skeletons are held in collections of ten European and American natural history museums (Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden (Naturalis); The Natural History Museum, London (NHMUK); the Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren (RMCA); the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels (RBINS); the Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen (ZMUC); Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Vienna (NHMW); the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm (NRM); Museum fur Naturkunde, Berlin (MfN); and the National Museum for Natural History, Paris (MNHN), Natural History Museum Oslo, American Museum of Natural History, New York, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (FMNH). Five families belonged to the Strepsirrhini (Lorisidae, Galagidae, Daubentoniidae, Lemuridae, Indriidae) and five to the Haplorrhini, of which two Platyrrhini (Cebidae, Atelidae) and three Catarrhini (Cercopithecidae, Hylobatidae, Hominidae).</p> <p><strong>Cervical vertebrae and transitional cervicothoracic vertebrae</strong>. We determined the number of cervical vertebrae and transitional cervicothoracic vertebrae (vertebrae with both cervical and thoracic characteristics, i.e. a seventh vertebrae with a rudimentary rib or one full rib instead of two, or an eighth vertebrae with rudimentary ribs or without ribs on one side). The identification of transitional cervicothoracic vertebrae was based on the presence of cervical or rudimentary first ribs. In the case of a fusion of rudimentary cervical ribs with the transverse process (apophysomegaly), the vertebra was counted as a transitional cervicothoracic vertebra when the transverse process was at least 15% longer than that of the first thoracic vertebra, or when traces of the articulation were still visible.</p> <p><strong>Explanatory variables. </strong>Per specimen where we determined the vertebral pattern, we recorded the species, life style ("fast" vs. "slow"), individual age class and sex and whether the animal was kept in a zoo later in life or not. This last indicator variable can accommodate effects of relaxed selection in captive environments on the probability of finding an abnormal pattern.</p> <p><strong>Phylogeny. </strong>We used the consensus phylogeny of primates provided by the 10k Trees Project (Arnold & Nunn, 2010) to represent our data per species graphically and to calculate correlations between species effects</p> <p><strong>Statistical analysis. </strong>The R script with our analysis is added.</p> <p> </p>
Supporting data: Land-use change alters the mechanisms assembling rainforest mammal communities in Borneo
<p>These supporting data files were used in the analyses for a forthcoming<em> </em>paper (DOI to be confirmed). The two files consist of: </p> <p>1. Combined camera trap and live trap species-abundance matrix. Each row corresponds to a separate location, with species in different columns. Old-growth forest, logged forest and oil palm plantation locations have the prefixes "Old", "Log" and "Palm", respectively. Values in each cell are the number of independent captures (as defined in the paper) per seven days summed over the camera- and live-trapping protocols.</p> <p>2. Covariate data for each location, covering habitat structure, topography and local landscape context (covariates as defined in the paper). </p>
No evidence for the consistent effect of supplementary feeding on home range size in terrestrial mammals
<p>Food availability and distribution are key drivers of animal space use. Supplemental food provided by humans can be more abundant and predictable than natural resources. It is thus believed that supplementary feeding modifies the spatial behaviour of wildlife. Yet, such effects have not been tested quantitatively across species. Here, we analysed changes in home range size due to supplementary feeding in 23 species of terrestrial mammals using a meta-analysis of 28 studies. Additionally, we investigated the moderating effect of factors related to i) species biology (sex, body mass, taxonomic group), ii) feeding regimen (duration, amount, purpose), and iii) methods of data collection and analysis (source of data, estimator, spatial confinement). We found no consistent effect of supplementary feeding on changes in home range size. While an overall tendency of reduced home range was observed, moderators varied in the direction and strength of the trends. Our results suggest that multiple drivers and complex mechanisms of home range behaviour can make it insensitive to manipulation with supplementary feeding. The small number of available studies stands in contrast with the ubiquity and magnitude of supplementary feeding worldwide, highlighting a knowledge gap in our understanding of the effects of supplementary feeding on ranging behaviour.</p>
FIGURE 2 in The Volhynian (late Middle Miocene) marine fishes and mammals as proxies for the onset of the Eastern Paratethys re-colonisation by vertebrate fauna
FIGURE 2. Correlation of the Central and Eastern Paratethyan regional stages with standard chronostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy modified after Harzhauser et al. (2004), Studencka, (1999), Ionesi (1991), and Vernyhorova (2015).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.