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opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

Assessing moss transplant methods to enhance Sphagnum moss recovery in post-wildfire hydrophobic peat

Wildfire is the dominant disturbance in northern peatlands and can release large quantities of carbon to the atmosphere through combustion. Post-fire peat hydrophobicity can inhibit moss regeneration, thereby decreasing the potential for post-fire carbon sequestration. To investigate how to enhance post-fire recovery we assessed two moss restoration methods (plugs and fragments) in an Alberta poor fen two and three years following wildfire. Post-fire peat hydrophobicity and moss regeneration was characterized in four surface cover types: Severely Burned Feather moss hollows (SB-F), Severely Burned Sphagnum fuscum hummocks (SB-S), Lightly Burned S. fuscum hummocks (LB-S), and Lightly Burned Feather moss lawns (LB-F). We then conducted experiments testing the success of moss plugs and fragments of varying moss species at LB-F and SB-F surface covers, which had high hydrophobicity and low post-fire moss recovery.

opennotspecifiedAug 2024View details →

Moss et al, 2016

Moss David K., Ivany Linda C., Judd Emily J., Cummings Patrick W., Bearden Claire E., Kim Woo-Jun, Artruc Emily G. and Driscoll Jeremy R. Lifespan, growth rate, and body size across latitude in marine Bivalvia, with implications for Phanerozoic evolution. 283, Proc. R. Soc. B http://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1364

opencc-zeroDec 2018View details →

Data from: Desiccation and rehydration of mosses greatly increases resource fluxes that alter soil carbon and nitrogen cycling

1. Mosses often have positive effects on soil carbon and nitrogen cycling, but we know little about how environmentally determined cycles of desiccation and rehydration in mosses influence these processes. 2. In this context, we compared carbon and nitrogen in throughfall after precipitation passed through eight moss species that were either hydrated continuously or desiccated and rehydrated. Also, the throughfall of four moss species was added to soil and used to determine the net effect of carbon and nitrogen added in moss throughfall on soil CO2 and N2O efflux. 3. Depending on the species, desiccated-rehydrated (rehydrated) mosses lost 2-31 times more carbon in throughfall than mosses that were continuously hydrated (hydrated). Hydrated mosses lost little to no detectable nitrogen; whereas most rehydrated mosses lost some nitrogen in throughfall. Throughfall from both hydrated and rehydrated mosses generated higher CO2 and N2O efflux than water treated soils, but rehydrated moss throughfall promoted larger N2O efflux than hydrated moss throughfall. Throughfall from hydrated mosses caused net negative changes in soil carbon and had very little effect on soil nitrogen, whereas throughfall from rehydrated mosses generated positive changes in soil carbon and nitrogen. 4. Synthesis. Our results indicate that resources lost from desiccated mosses during rehydration influence soil carbon and nitrogen transformations and may be important drivers of carbon and nitrogen cycling and storage in ecosystems.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

Data from: Resolving the Northern Hemisphere source region for the long-distance dispersal event that gave rise to the South American endemic dung moss Tetraplodon fuegianus

Premise of the study—American bipolar plant distributions characterize taxa at various taxonomic ranks but are most common in the bryophytes at infraspecific and infrageneric levels. A previous study on the bipolar disjunction in the dung moss genus Tetraplodon found that direct long-distance dispersal from North to South in the Miocene - Pleistocene accounted for the origin of the Southern American endemic Tetraplodon fuegianus, congruent with other molecular studies on bipolar bryophytes. The previous study, however, remained inconclusive regarding a specific Northern Hemisphere source region for the trans-equatorial dispersal event that gave rise to T. fuegianus. Methods—To estimate spatial genetic structure and phylogeographic relationships within the bipolar lineage of Tetraplodon, which includes T. fuegianus, we analyzed thousands of Restriction-site Associated DNA (RADseq) loci and single nucleotide polymorphisms using Bayesian individual assignment and maximum likelihood and coalescent model based phylogenetic approaches. Key results—Northwestern North America is the most likely source of the recent ancestor to T. fuegianus. Conclusions—Tetraplodon fuegianus, which marks the southernmost populations in the bipolar lineage of Tetraplodon, arose following a single long-distance dispersal event involving a T. mnioides lineage that is now rare in the Northern Hemisphere and potentially restricted to the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Furthermore, gene flow between sympatric lineages of Tetraplodon mnioides in the Northern Hemisphere is limited, possibly due to high rates of selfing or reproductive isolation.

FIGURE 5 in Two new species and a new record of mites of the family Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) collected from mosses in Russia

FIGURE 5: Phase-contrast micrographs of Eustigmaeus extremiorientalis n. sp., female: A – central part of prodorsum, B – anterior part of prodorsum and chelicerae, C – humeral plate and callosities, D – subcapitulum.

FIGURE 2 in Two new species and a new record of mites of the family Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) collected from mosses in Russia

FIGURE 2: Eustigmaeus extremiorientalis n. sp., female: A – gnathosoma dorsally, B – distal part of tibia and tarsus of palp, C – subcapitulum.

FIGURE 15 in Two new species and a new record of mites of the family Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) collected from mosses in Russia

FIGURE 15: SEM photos of Stigmaeus mollibus n. sp., female: A – dorsal view of body, B – ventral view of body, C – prodorsum, D – opisthosoma dorsally, E – palptarsus.

FIGURE 14 in Two new species and a new record of mites of the family Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) collected from mosses in Russia

FIGURE 14: Stigmaeus mollibus n. sp., female, deutonymph: A – opisthosoma dorsally, B – opisthosoma ventrally.

FIGURE 11 in Two new species and a new record of mites of the family Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) collected from mosses in Russia

FIGURE 11: Stigmaeus mollibus n. sp., female, male: A – opisthosoma dorsally, B – opisthosoma ventrally.

FIGURE 6 in Two new species and a new record of mites of the family Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) collected from mosses in Russia

FIGURE 6: SEM photos of Eustigmaeus extremiorientalis n. sp., female: A – dorsal view of body, B – prodorsum, C – ventral view of body, D – ano-genital area, E – gnathosoma ventrally, F – palp laterally.

FIGURE 22 in New species and records of mites of the family Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) collected from mosses in Southern Chile

FIGURE 22: Phase-contrast micrographs of Stigmaeus flexisetus n. sp., female: A – hysterosomal dorsum of holotype, B – hysterosomal dorsum of paratype, C – subcapitulum, D – setae e1 of holotype.

FIGURE 10 in New species and records of mites of the family Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) collected from mosses in Southern Chile

FIGURE 10: Phase-contrast micrographs of Eustigmaeus chilensis (Chaudhri, 1965), female: A – anterolateral part of prodorsum, B – seta d1, C – gnathosoma dorsally, D – ventral metapodosomal plate, E – anogenital area, F – subcapitulum.

FIGURE 7 in New species and records of mites of the family Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) collected from mosses in Southern Chile

FIGURE 7: Eustigmaeus chilensis (Chaudhri, 1965), female: A – gnathosoma dorsally, B – subcapitulum.

FIGURE 6 in New species and records of mites of the family Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) collected from mosses in Southern Chile

FIGURE 6: Eustigmaeus chilensis (Chaudhri, 1965), female: A – idiosomal dorsum, B – idiosomal venter.

FIGURE 5 in New species and records of mites of the family Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) collected from mosses in Southern Chile

FIGURE 5: Phase-contrast micrographs of Eustigmaeus ovatus (Chaudhri, 1965), female: A – lateral part of prodorsum and seta c1, B – chelicerae and setae vi, C – subcapitulum, D – coxae I–II and endopodal plate.

FIGURE 35 in New species and records of mites of the family Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) collected from mosses in Southern Chile

FIGURE 35: DIC micrographs of Eryngiopus techuelche n. sp., female: A – opisthosoma dorsally, B – prodorsum, C – gnathosoma ventrally, D – gnathosoma dorsally.

FIGURE 15 in New species and records of mites of the family Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) collected from mosses in Southern Chile

FIGURE 15: DIC micrographs of Stigmaeus palustris n. sp., female: A – gnathosoma dorsally, B – prodorsum, C – opisthosoma dorsally, D – gnathosoma ventrally.

opencc-zeroNov 2022View details →

Vindication of Physcomitrium pygmaeum (Funariaceae), an elusive and endangered moss from North America's Great Basin

Physcomitrium pygmaeum is an ephemeral moss described in 1871 from a single collection from Utah, currently considered conspecific with Physcomitrium pyriforme. The interpretation of the taxon has been problematic due to its rarity in the field, the elusiveness of the type material, and an extremely scattered and inconsistent collection record. Here we present a comprehensive description and assessment of the taxon following the identification of the original material and lectotype designation, the examination of all herbarium specimens existing to the best of our knowledge, the collection of fresh material in Nevada, and the molecular barcoding of the latter using four plastid and two nuclear loci. Available information, albeit scant, suggests that this member of the North American bryoflora should be considered critically endangered following IUCN criteria.

opencc-zeroMar 2023View details →

Forest edge effects on moss growth are amplified by drought

Forest fragmentation increases the amount of edges in the landscape. Differences in wind, radiation and vegetation structure create edge-to-interior gradients in forest microclimate, and these gradients are likely to be more pronounced during droughts and heatwaves. Although the effects of climate extremes on edge influences have potentially strong and long-lasting impacts on forest understory biodiversity, they are not well understood and are not often considered in management and landscape planning. Here we used a novel method of retrospectively quantifying growth to assess biologically relevant edge influences likely caused by microclimate using Hylocomium splendens, a moss with annual segments. We examined how spatio-temporal variation in drought across three years and 46 sites in central Sweden, affected the depth and magnitude of edge influences. We also investigated whether edge effects during drought are influenced by differences in forest structure. Edge effects were almost twice as strong in the drought year as in the non-drought years, but we did not find clear evidence that they penetrated deeper into the forest in the drought year. Edge influences were also greater in areas that had fewer days with rain during the drought year. Higher levels of forest canopy cover and tree height buffered the magnitude of edge influence in times of drought. Our results demonstrate that edge effects are amplified by drought, suggesting that fragmentation effects are aggravated when droughts become more frequent and severe. Our results suggest that dense edges and buffer zones with high canopy cover can be important ways to mitigate negative drought impacts in forest edges.