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Figure 3 in To be or not to be a tibial comb: A discussion on the (past) use of tibial armature in tribal/subtribal organization in Cholevinae (Coleoptera: Leiodidae)

Figure 3. Apex of mesotibiae in Leptodirini (A-C) and Sciaphyini (D). (A) Bathysciotes khevenhuelleri tergestinus Müller, lateral-external view; (B) Leptodirus hochenwarti Schmidt, lateral-internal view; (C) Diaprysius serullazi Peyerimhoff, ventral view; (D) Sciaphyes sibiricus (Reitter), lateral-internal view. is = inner spur; os = outer spur; the ellipses highlight the longer spines on the dorsal portion of the apical crown of spines.

Figure 1 in To be or not to be a tibial comb: A discussion on the (past) use of tibial armature in tribal/subtribal organization in Cholevinae (Coleoptera: Leiodidae)

Figure 1. Apex of tibiae in Ptomaphagini. (A-D) Adelopsis leo Gnaspini, (A-B) Mesotibia, (A) ventro-lateral-internal and (B) lateral-external views; (C-D) Metatibia, (C) lateral-external and (D) lateral-internal views; (E-F) Amplexella dimorpha Gnaspini, mesotibia, (E) ventral and (F) dorso-lateral-external views; (G-H) Parapaulipalpina sp., right mesotibia (mirrored image), (G) lateral-internal and (H) ventral views; (I) Paulipalpina claudicans (Szymczakowski), right mesotibia (mirrored image), lateral-internal view; (J) Ptomaphagus (Appadelopsis) cumberlandus (Peck), mesotibia, ventro-lateral-internal view; (K) Ptomaphaminus chapmani (Peck), mesotibia, ventral view. bg = 'body guard' seta; gp = 'gap' on the apical crown of spines around base of spur; is = inner spur; os = outer spur; the circles highlight the progressively smaller spines near spur.

Figure 2 in To be or not to be a tibial comb: A discussion on the (past) use of tibial armature in tribal/subtribal organization in Cholevinae (Coleoptera: Leiodidae)

Figure 2. Apex of mesotibiae in Eucatopini, Eucatops (Napocatops) giganteus Salgado, (A-B) ventro-lateral-external (B = detail) and (C) ventral views. bg = 'body guard' seta; in = 'interstitial spines'; is = inner spur; os = outer spur; circle = smaller spine near spur.

Figure 6 in To be or not to be a tibial comb: A discussion on the (past) use of tibial armature in tribal/subtribal organization in Cholevinae (Coleoptera: Leiodidae)

Figure 6. Apex of mesotibiae in Cholevini (A-C) and Oritocatopini (D). (A-B) Catops fuliginosus Erichson, (A) ventral and (B) dorsal views; (C) Nargus (s. str.) badius (Sturm), fronto-lateral-external view; (D) Afrocatops sp., ventral view. in = 'interstitial spines'; the ellipse highlights the longer spines on the dorsal portion of the apical crown of spines.

Figure 9 in To be or not to be a tibial comb: A discussion on the (past) use of tibial armature in tribal/subtribal organization in Cholevinae (Coleoptera: Leiodidae)

Figure 9. Apex of protibiae. (A-B) Bathysciotes khevenhuelleri tergestinus Müller, (A) dorsal and (B) ventral views; (C) Oryotus ausmeieri Perreau, right protibia (mirrored image), ventral view; (D) Sciaphyes sibiricus (Reitter), ventral view; (E) Eocatops ophidianus Szymczakowski, ventral view; (F) Eunemadus chilensis Portevin, ventral view; (G-H) Paracatops alacris (Broun), (G) ventro-lateral-external and (H) ventral views. The rectangle highlights the presence of small spines that connect the internal and external portions of the apical crown of spines; the circle highlights the series of spines at the inner face of the protibia; the ellipse highlights the longitudinal row of strong spines along the ventral outer margin of the protibia.

Figure 5 in To be or not to be a tibial comb: A discussion on the (past) use of tibial armature in tribal/subtribal organization in Cholevinae (Coleoptera: Leiodidae)

Figure 5. Apex of mesotibiae in Anemadini (continued). (A) Eocatops ophidianus Szymczakowski, ventral view; (B-C) Paracatops alacris (Broun), (B) ventral and (C) lateral-external views.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

Data from: Fire catalyzed rapid ecological change in lowland coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest over the past 14,000 years

Disturbance can catalyze rapid ecological change by causing widespread mortality and initiating successional pathways, and during times of climate change, disturbance may contribute to ecosystem state changes by initiating a new successional pathway. In the Pacific Northwest of North America (PNW), disturbance by wildfires strongly shapes the composition and structure of lowland forests, but understanding the role of fire over periods of climate change is challenging, because fire-return intervals are long (e.g., millennia) and the coniferous trees dominating these forests can live for many centuries. We developed stand-scale paleorecords of vegetation and fire that span nearly the past 14,000 yr to study how fire was associated with state changes and rapid dynamics in forest vegetation at the stand scale (1–3 ha). We studied forest history with sediment cores from small hollow sites in the Marckworth State Forest, located ~1 km apart in the Tsuga heterophylla Zone in the Puget Lowland ecoregion of western Washington, USA. The median rate of change in pollen/spore assemblages was similar between sites (0.12 and 0.14% per year), but at both sites, rates of change increased significantly following fire events (ranging up to 1% per year, with a median of 0.28 and 0.38%, P < 0.003). During times of low climate velocity, forest composition was resilient to fires, which initiated successional pathways leading back to the dominant vegetation type. In contrast, during times of high climate variability and velocity (e.g., the early Holocene) forests were not resilient to fires, which triggered large-scale state changes. These records provide clear evidence that disturbance, in the form of an individual fire event, can be an important catalyst for rapid state changes, accelerating vegetation shifts in response to large-scale climate change.

opencc-zeroJan 2020View details →

Effects of past and present-day landscape structure on forest soil microorganisms

Principles of landscape ecology have been built on birds and plant species distribution, but the number of clues is now growing on below-ground organisms, whose dispersal may also be affected by above-ground landscape structure. For communities of microorganisms, the question remains if and how they answer to landscape structure, with or without time lag, and if some groups of microorganisms may react more than others. Here, we investigated if fungi or bacteria diversity is driven by the amount of forest cover in the current or the past landscape. We tested the Habitat Amount Hypothesis (HAH) on ancient forests of Cevennes national park, that were particularly fragmented 150 years ago, and are today surrounded by recent forests. As ancient forests are often more diverse in plant species, we hypothesized that the higher quantity of ancient forests in the landscape, the richer fungal and bacterial communities would be locally. More precisely, we expected that ectomycorrhizal fungi, and pathotrophic fungi, often indicators of mature forests, would be also more sensitive to forest history and therefore to the quantity of ancient forests than bacteria and saprotrophic fungi. We sampled 40 soil cores per 0.5 ha, pooled in 8 composite samples per plot in 27 landscapes and sequenced ITS and 16S marker by Illumina-Mi seq. To identify functional groups of fungi, we relied on their taxonomy and the use of public databases. Our results partly follow the HAH, as fungi richness was positively related with the quantity of ancient forests in the landscape and not by the focal patch size. Ectomycorrhizal and pathotrophic fungi were positively affected by the ancient forest cover, and so were saprotrophic ones, but not bacteria. Local factors also shaped the communities such as soil composition and elevation, confirming classical patterns in soil ecology. Interestingly, past landscape structure better explained fungi communities richness than contemporary landscape, suggesting a time lag in the response of communities to landscape modification and a potential extinction debt. Our results invite to consider below-ground communities in landscape studies and historical ecology, as their structure and functions might be intimately linked with soil and landscape history.

opencc-zeroMay 2020View details →

Messinian vegetation and climate of the intermontane Florina-Ptolemais-Servia Basin, NW Greece: How well do plant fossils reflect past environments?

The late Miocene is marked by pronounced environmental changes and the appearance of strong temperature and precipitation seasonality. Although environmental heterogeneity is to be expected during this time, it is challenging to reconstruct palaeoenvironments using plant fossils. We investigated leaves and dispersed spores/pollen from 6.4–6 Ma strata in the intermontane Florina-Ptolemais-Servia Basin (FPS) of NW Greece. To assess how well plant fossils reflect the actual vegetation of the FPS, we assigned fossil-taxa to biomes providing a measure for environmental heterogeneity. Additionally, the palynological assemblage was compared to pollen spectra from modern lake sediments to assess biases in spore/pollen representation in the pollen record. We found a close match of the Vegora assemblage with modern Fagus–Abies forests of Turkey. Using taxonomic affinities of leaf fossils, we further established close similarities of the Vegora assemblage with modern laurophyllous oak forests of Afghanistan. Finally, using information from sedimentary environment and taphonomy, we distinguished local and distantly growing vegetation types. We then subjected the plant assemblage of Vegora to different methods of climate reconstruction and discussed their potentials and limitations. Leaf and spore/pollen records allow accurate reconstructions of palaeoenvironments in the FPS, whereas extra-regional vegetation from coastal lowlands is likely not captured.

opencc-zeroDec 2018View details →

Data from: Past tree influence and prescribed fire exert strong controls on reassembly of mountain grasslands after tree removal

Woody-plant encroachment represents a global threat to grasslands. Although the causes and consequences of this regime shift have received substantial attention, the processes that constrain reassembly of the grassland state remain poorly understood. We experimentally tested two potentially important controls on reassembly—the past influence of trees and the effects of fire—in conifer-invaded grasslands (mountain meadows) of western Oregon. Previously, we had reconstructed the history of tree invasion at fine spatial and temporal resolution. Using small subplots (10 × 10 m) nested within larger (1-ha) experimental plots, we characterized the fine-scale mosaic of encroachment states, ranging from remnant meadow openings (minimally altered by trees) to century-old forests (lacking meadow species). Subsequently, we removed trees from six plots, of which three were broadcast burned and three remained unburned (except for localized burn piles). Within each plot, subplots were sampled before and periodically after tree removal to quantify the individual and interactive effects of past tree influence and fire on grassland community reassembly. Adjacent, uninvaded meadows served as references sites. 'Past tree influence' was defined as the multivariate (structural or compositional) distance of subplots to reference meadows prior to tree removal. 'Reassembly' was defined as the distance, or change in distance, to reference meadows at final sampling. Consistent with theory, we observed greater reassembly of plant community structure than of composition, as loss of meadow specialists was offset by establishment of disturbance-adapted meadow generalists of similar growth form. Nevertheless, 8 years after tree removal, most subplots remained structurally and compositionally distinct from reference meadows. Furthermore, fire had both destabilizing and inhibitory effects: it reduced survival of meadow specialists across the range of encroachment states and, where past tree influence was greater, it stalled reassembly by promoting expansion of a highly competitive native meadow sedge. The slow pace of reassembly, despite abundant open space, suggests strong seed limitation—a condition exacerbated by burning. We present a novel test of the importance of past tree influence and fire for restoration of tree-invaded grasslands, offering insights into how constraints on community reassembly vary along a continuum of tree-altered states.

opencc-byNov 2018View details →

Sanford's Library Paste Jar

This jar was found during CAP's 2016 field season in the location of a former building called Station Terrace. Throughout its history, this building functioned as early faculty housing, a tea room, and a trolley station that came from downtown Lansing. The building was eventually physically moved, with half of the building still functioning as a house off campus. The basement and foundations were filled with debris then buried. The jar still has most of its label preserved so that "Sanford's Library Paste" is still slightly discernible with other descriptions on the sides of the label easily read (see pictures with the annotations of the labels on the model). The patent for this type of paste jar (with a separate well within the jar) dates to 1898 with it becoming an industry standard in the early 1900s. Check out this blog post for more information on this cool artifact by clicking on this link: http://campusarch.msu.edu/?p=4287 Photogrammetry model created by Jack A. Biggs using Agisoft PhotoScan Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2013View details →

Autonomous Mobile Robots: Past, Present and Future of SLAM 2013

“Autonomous Mobile Robots: Past, Present and Future of SLAM” 2013. In:Workshop at the First RSI/ISM International Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics by Sharif University of Technology. Presenter: Prof. Hamid D. Taghirad, 2013.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2017View details →

Uribe-Rivera et al 2017 DataSet: High resolution bioclimatic layers for southwest of South America for three recent past periods (1970, 1990 and 2010)

These files were generated as part of the article "Dispersal and extrapolation on the accuracy of temporal predictions from distribution models for the Darwin’s frog" (Uribe-Rivera et al. 2017; accepted in Ecological Applications) We used point data of meteorological stations between 34°-48°S and 70°-75°W, to generate new climatic surfaces for three recent past periods (1970; 1990; 2010). Meteorological data encompassed 293 weather stations, and were extracted from three databases: Dirección Meteorológica de Chile (DMC); Dirección General de Aguas de Chile (DGA); and the FAOClim-NET Agroclimatic database management system (FAO 2001), recording monthly records of mean daily minimum temperature, mean daily maximum temperature and total rainfall for 5-year periods (1965-1969 for 1970 climatic conditions; 1985-1989 for 1990 climatic conditions; and 2005-2009 for 2010 climatic conditions). For each period monthly mean values of each climatic variable were interpolated to generate surfaces using Anusplin v.4.4 (Hutchinson and Xu 2006), which applies the same algorithm used to derive the WorldClim bioclimatic surfaces (Hijmans et al. 2005). Interpolations were fitted following Pliscoff et al. (2014) at a ~1x1 Km resolution, with elevation as an independent variable using the GTOPO30 global digital elevation model (USGS, 1996). Because some weather stations do not have information for every month, we used the option of non-data of Anusplin. The quality of interpolations of climatic data was assessed calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient at the cell level between the monthly climatic values from the CRU-TS v3.10.01 Historic Climate Database for GIS (Climatic Research Unit - Time Series, 2012), and the monthly climatic values from the new climatic layers. Finally, surfaces of 19 bioclimatic variables were generated using the dismo package in R (Hijmans et al. 2014). All bioclimatic layers were uploaded in a single compressed ZIP file. Individual layers can be found inside it as georeferenced ASCII raster files, and nominated primarily by time period, and secundarily by the number of bioclimatic layer, following the worldclim nomenclature (http://www.worldclim.org/bioclim).

openOct 2024View details →

Re-assembling the past: The RePAIR dataset and benchmark for real world 2D and 3D puzzle solving

Accepted by NeurIPS 2024 Datasets and Benchmarks Track We introduce the RePair puzzle-solving dataset, a large-scale real world dataset of fractured frescoes from the archaelogical campus of Pompeii. Our dataset consists of over 1000 fractured frescoes. The RePAIR stands as a realistic computational challenge for methods for 2D and 3D puzzle solving, and serves as a benchmark that enables the study of fractured object reassembly and presents new challenges for geometric shape understanding. Please visit <a href="https://repairproject.github.io/RePAIR_dataset/">our website</a> for more dataset information, access to source code scripts and for an interactive gallery viewing of the dataset samples. <div> <h3>Access the entire dataset</h3> We provide a compressed version of our dataset in two seperate files. One for the 2D version and one for the 3D version. Our full dataset contains over one thousand individual fractured fragments divided into groups with its corresponding folder and all compressed into their individual sub-set format regarding whether they are 2D or 3D. Regarding the 2D dataset, each fragment is saved as a .PNG image and each group has the corresponding ground truth transformation to solve the puzzle as a .TXT file. Considering the 3D dataset, each fragment is saved as a mesh using the widely .OBJ format with the corresponding material (.MTL) and texture (.PNG) file. The meshes are already in the assembled position and orientation, so that no additional information is needed.  All additional metadata information are given as .JSON files.   <h1>Important Note</h1> Please be advised that downloading and reusing this dataset is permitted only upon acceptance of the following license terms. The Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) declares, and the user (“User”) acknowledges, that the "RePAIR puzzle-solving dataset" contains 3D scans, texture maps, rendered images and meta-data of fresco fragments acquired at the Archaeological Site of Pompeii. IIT is authorised to publish the RePAIR puzzle-solving dataset herein only for scientific and cultural purposes and in connection with an academic publication referenced as Tsemelis et al., "Re-assembling the past: The RePAIR dataset and benchmark for real world 2D and 3D puzzle solving", NeurIPS 2024. Use of the  RePAIR puzzle-solving dataset by User is limited to downloading, viewing such images; comparing these with data or content in other datasets. User is not authorised to use, in particular explicitly excluding any commercial use nor in conjunction with the promotion of a commercial enterprise and/or its product(s) or service(s), reproduce, copy, distribute the  RePAIR puzzle-solving dataset. User will not use the  RePAIR puzzle-solving dataset in any way prohibited by applicable laws.  RePAIR puzzle-solving dataset therein is being provided to User without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. User will be solely responsible for their use of such  RePAIR puzzle-solving dataset. In no event shall IIT be liable for any damages arising from such use. </div>

opencc-zeroOct 2023View details →

Global biogeographical regions reveal a signal of past human impacts

Ecologists have long documented that the world's biota is spatially organised in regions with boundaries shaped by processes acting on geological and evolutionary timescales. Although growing evidence suggests that historical human impact has been key in how biodiversity is currently assembled, its role as a driver of the geographical organisation of biodiversity remains unclear. Using non-volant terrestrial mammals, we set up a bioregionalization procedure focused on two data sets, one describing the current ranges of terrestrial mammals, and another describing their potential natural ranges in the absence of historic anthropogenic land use. We then quantified the relative importance of anthropogenic land use (5000 and 2000 years ago, and present time) to predict the current and natural biogeographical regions across the Earth. In general, past and present human land use were important predictors of current bioregions but did not largely contribute to predicting natural bioregions. Past anthropogenic land use seems to have left an imprint on the taxonomic differentiation of some of the largest biogeographical realms, whereas land use at present stands out as a driver of the taxonomic differences between medium-sized subregions, i.e., within and among continents. Our findings suggest that anthropogenic actions during the last millennia have had a far-reaching effect on the spatial organisation of the Earth´s non-volant mammals.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2023View details →

Appendix A - The Implications of Handwritten Text Recognition for Accessing the Past at Scale

List of works identified through a Grounded Theory Method (GTM) of the current and near future implications of Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) on the historical method and wider information environment. The findings of this data collection are provided in 'The Implications of Handwritten Text Recognition for Accessing the Past at Scale'

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Data file for Massé et al.'s article, "Unraveling the Life History of Past Populations through Hypercementosis: Insights into Cementum Apposition Patterns and Possible Etiologies using Micro-CT and Confocal Microscopy".

This repository provides a supporting data file for the following research article: Massé L., d’Incau E., Souron A., Vanderesse N., Santos F., Maureille B., Le Cabec A. (2024) Unraveling the Life History of Past Populations through Hypercementosis: Insights into Cementum Apposition Patterns and Possible Etiologies Using Micro-CT and Confocal Microscopy. Biology, 13, 43. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13010043" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer">10.3390/biology13010043</a> For the detailed statistical analyses performed using this dataset, see Supporting Information 1 of the article.

opencc-zeroDec 2023View details →

Modelled past autumn leaf phenology of deciduous trees

Autumn leaf phenology (i.e. leaf colouring or leaf senescence) marks the end of the growing season, during which trees assimilate atmospheric CO2. Since autumn leaf phenology responds to climatic conditions, climate change affects the length of the growing season. Thus, autumn phenology is often modelled to assess possible climate change effects on future CO2 mitigating capacities and species compositions of forests. Here, we give access to the entire dataset of modelled autumn phenology analyzed in Meier and Bigler (2023). The data was derived from >2.3 million model calibration runs according to 21 such models, 5 optimization algorithms, ≥7 sampling procedures, and 26 climate model chains from two representative concentration pathways. Calibration and validation were based on >45 000 observations for common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), and European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) from 500 Central European sites each. Cite as Meier, M., & Bigler, C. (2023). Process-oriented models of autumn leaf phenology: Ways to sound calibration and implications of uncertain projections. Geoscientific Model Development, 16(23), 7171–7201. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-7171-2023

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Data and code for: Effects of past and present habitat on the gut microbiota of a wild rodent

Files description: <ul> <li>RT_workflow.qmd (quarto file that shows the R code)</li> <li>RT_workflow.html (online html file created from the quarto file)</li> <li>Input files needed for the R workflow (qza files extracted from QIIME2 and text files)</li> </ul> For general queries, unexpected errors and/or inconsistencies, please contact tiffany.scholier@gmail.com.