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230 results for “phylogenetic scale”
FIGURE 54 in Reassessment of the phylogenetic position of the spiny-scale pricklefish Hispidoberyx ambagiosus (Teleostei: Hispidoberycidae) based on comparative morphology
FIGURE 54. Evolution of fresh body coloration among Stephanoberycoidei.
Data from: Genome-scale phylogenetic analysis finds extensive gene transfer among fungi
Although the role of lateral gene transfer is well recognized in the evolution of bacteria, it is generally assumed that it has had less influence among eukaryotes. To explore this hypothesis, we compare the dynamics of genome evolution in two groups of organisms: cyanobacteria and fungi. Ancestral genomes are inferred in both clades using two types of methods: first, Count, a gene tree unaware method that models gene duplications, gains and losses to explain the observed numbers of genes present in a genome; second, ALE, a more recent gene tree-aware method that reconciles gene trees with a species tree using a model of gene duplication, loss and transfer. We compare their merits and their ability to quantify the role of transfers, and assess the impact of taxonomic sampling on their inferences. We present what we believe is compelling evidence that gene transfer plays a significant role in the evolution of fungi.
The role of phylogenetic scale in Darwin's naturalization conundrum in the critically imperiled pine rockland ecosystem
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><u><span><span>Aim</span></span></u><span><span>: We expand on community phylogenetic approaches to Darwin's Naturalization Conundrum by considering phylogenetic scale, comprised of phylogenetic grain and extent. We assess relatedness between <i>invasive</i>, <i>non-native</i>, and <i>native</i> plant species at multiple depths in the phylogeny (i.e., phylogenetic grain) and across multiple clades (i.e., phylogenetic extents) at regional and local spatial scales in the highly-fragmented, critically imperiled pine rockland ecosystem. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><u><span><span>Location</span></span></u><span><span>: Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><u><span><span>Methods</span></span></u><span><span>: We used two metrics differing in phylogenetic grain to determine if <i>i</i><i>nvasive</i> or <i>non-native</i> species were more closely related to <i>native</i> species in the regional pool and at 33 habitat fragments. At both spatial scales, we altered phylogenetic extent from all vascular plants to four smaller phylogenetic domains (Monilophyte, Gymnosperm, Monocotyledon, and Dicotyledon) and assessed whether the interpretation of relatedness changed. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><u><span><span>Results</span></span></u><span><span>: For the regional pool and at a broader phylogenetic grain, <i>non-native</i> species were more closely related to the <i>native </i>community than <i>invasive</i> species were for all phylogenetic extents (i.e., support for Darwin's Naturalization Hypothesis, DNH), and at a finer phylogenetic grain for only two phylogenetic extents. At the local scale, there was limited support for DNH across all phylogenetic extents. In Monocotyledons, support for DNH was more prevalent at the fine phylogenetic grain while Dicotyledons showed support for DNH at the broad phylogenetic grain.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><u><span><span>Main conclusions</span></span></u><span><span>: In the pine rockland flora, we found either support for DNH or no difference in relatedness between <i>non-native</i>-to-<i>native</i> and <i>invasive-</i>to-<i>native</i> species. However, patterns of relatedness varied across spatial and phylogenetic</span></span> grain and, critically, this variability is highly dependent on the phylogenetic extent considered. By explicitly assessing the interactions between spatial scale and phylogenetic scale, we show that support for DNH was context dependent, and findings at smaller phylogenetic extents rarely agreed with findings at the larger phylogenic extent. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
FIGURE 4 in Phylogenetic relationships in the genus Astropecten Gray (Paxillosida: Astropectinidae) on a global scale: molecular evidence for morphological convergence, species-complexes and possible cryptic speciation
FIGURE 4. Mediterranean and East Atlantic (see caption of Figure 3 for further explanations)
FIGURE 2 in Phylogenetic relationships in the genus Astropecten Gray (Paxillosida: Astropectinidae) on a global scale: molecular evidence for morphological convergence, species-complexes and possible cryptic speciation
FIGURE 2. Collection sites of Astropecten specimens and outgroup taxa.
FIGURE 24 in Diverse new scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in amber from the Cretaceous and Eocene with a phylogenetic framework for fossil Coccoidea
FIGURE 24. Strict consensus of the 32 most parsimonious trees retrieved from TNT using 112 taxa (fossil + Recent) and 174 morphological characters. The tree is divided into three parts, A (opposite page), B (above), and C (next page). Fossil taxa are represented in bold. Unambiguous characters were mapped as dots on branches with, black dots = unique change, white dots = multiple changes. Branch supports are indicated above branches for Bremer and below branches for jackknife supports (below)>20 (P = 36).
FIGURE 9 in Diverse new scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in amber from the Cretaceous and Eocene with a phylogenetic framework for fossil Coccoidea
FIGURE 9. Photomicrographs of the new species of Apticoccus. (A) Dorsal surface of Apticoccus fortis, n. sp., holotype HAM-1669A. (B) Dorsal and (C) ventral surfaces of Apticoccus longitenuis, n. sp., holotype AD-20.
FIGURE 4 in Diverse new scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in amber from the Cretaceous and Eocene with a phylogenetic framework for fossil Coccoidea
FIGURE 4. Details of Kozarius achronus, n. sp. (A) Ventral view of head. (B) Dorsal view of head. (C) Dorsal view of mesothorax. (D) Basisternum. (E) Apical antennal segments. (F) Leg from tibia. (G) Dorsal view of posterior abdominal segments and penial sheath, with wax filaments.
FIGURE 7 in Diverse new scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in amber from the Cretaceous and Eocene with a phylogenetic framework for fossil Coccoidea
FIGURE 7. Details of Hodgsonicoccus patefactus, n. sp. (A) Head from right lateral view. (B) Antenna. (C) Tarsus and claw. (D) Fore wing. (E) Hamulohaltere. (F) Left lateral view of penial sheath.
Fig. 11. Anthrenocerus stigmacrophilus. Lateral habitus. Scale line 0.5 in Description of the Larval Stage ofMyrmeanthrenus frontalisArmstrong andAnthrenocerus stigmacrophilusArmstrong (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), with a Discussion of their Phylogenetic Relationships
Fig. 11. Anthrenocerus stigmacrophilus. Lateral habitus. Scale line 0.5 mm.
Fig. 1. Myrmeanthrenus frontalis. Lateral habitus. Scale line 1 in Description of the Larval Stage ofMyrmeanthrenus frontalisArmstrong andAnthrenocerus stigmacrophilusArmstrong (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), with a Discussion of their Phylogenetic Relationships
Fig. 1. Myrmeanthrenus frontalis. Lateral habitus. Scale line 1 mm.
The role of phylogenetic scale in Darwin’s naturalization conundrum in the critically imperiled pine rockland ecosystem
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Data from: Genome-scale phylogenetics: inferring the plant tree of life from 18,896 gene trees
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Data from: Phylogenetic variation in hind-limb bone scaling of flightless theropods
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Data from: Graph splitting: a graph-based approach for superfamily-scale phylogenetic tree reconstruction
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Data from: Genome-scale phylogenetic analysis finds extensive gene transfer among fungi
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Data from: High-throughput identification of informative nuclear loci for shallow-scale phylogenetics and phylogeography
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Fig. 18. A. Loreal scale single. B in Phylogenetic relationships based on morphological data and taxonomy of the genus Salvadora Baird & Girard, 1853 (Reptilia, Colubridae)
Fig. 18. A. Loreal scale single. B. Loreal normally divided.
← Fig. 18. Representation and comparison of head and thoracic characters. A–C: head, dorsal view; D–E: head and prothorax, lateral view (antennomeres not showing due to edition of photo); F: schematic drawing showing the antennomeres; G – S: external scent efferent system; G – N: meso- and metapleura, ventral view; G: schematic drawing showing the parts of eses; O – S: SEM images of characters of eses of mestasternal glands. — (A, Fi, H): Hypanthracos meridionalis; (B, N): Mecocephala magna; (C): Paramecocephala foveata; (D, M): Tibraca limbativentris; (E, S): Hypatropis inermis; (Fii, I): Chimerocoris luridus; (Fiii, J): Ogmocoris hypomelas; (Fiv, K): Liscocephala fumosa; (Fv, L): Triunfus carvalhoi; (O): Glyphepomis adroguensis; (P): Paramecocephala fusca; (Q): Pedinonotus catarinensis; (R): Glyphepomis setigera; Scale bars: A– E, H – N = 0.5 mm; O – S = 100 μm. in Systematics of the Mecocephala group (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) based on a phylogenetic perspective: Inclusion of Hypanthracos, description of three new genera, and redescription of Ogmocoris
← Fig. 18. Representation and comparison of head and thoracic characters. A–C: head, dorsal view; D–E: head and prothorax, lateral view (antennomeres not showing due to edition of photo); F: schematic drawing showing the antennomeres; G – S: external scent efferent system; G – N: meso- and metapleura, ventral view; G: schematic drawing showing the parts of eses; O – S: SEM images of characters of eses of mestasternal glands. — (A, Fi, H): Hypanthracos meridionalis; (B, N): Mecocephala magna; (C): Paramecocephala foveata; (D, M): Tibraca limbativentris; (E, S): Hypatropis inermis; (Fii, I): Chimerocoris luridus; (Fiii, J): Ogmocoris hypomelas; (Fiv, K): Liscocephala fumosa; (Fv, L): Triunfus carvalhoi; (O): Glyphepomis adroguensis; (P): Paramecocephala fusca; (Q): Pedinonotus catarinensis; (R): Glyphepomis setigera; Scale bars: A– E, H – N = 0.5 mm; O – S = 100 μm.
FIGURE. Morphology of the studied Coelastrella strains. (1) SYKOA Ch-045-09. (2) SYKOA Ch-047-11. (3) SYKOA Ch-072-17. (А–D) vegetative cells and autosporangia. (E–G) cell wall ribs. (H) morphology of the old cells. Scale bar: 10μm. in Morphological and phylogenetic relations of members of the genus Coelastrella (Scenedesmaceae, Chlorophyta) from the Ural and Khentii Mountains (Russia, Mongolia)
FIGURE. Morphology of the studied Coelastrella strains. (1) SYKOA Ch-045-09. (2) SYKOA Ch-047-11. (3) SYKOA Ch-072-17. (А–D) vegetative cells and autosporangia. (E–G) cell wall ribs. (H) morphology of the old cells. Scale bar: 10μm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.