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1,572 results for “sediments”
Fig. 59 in New fossil genus and new extant species of diatoms (Stephanodiscaceae, Bacillariophyceae) from Pleistocene sediments in the Neotropics (Guatemala, Central America): adaptation to a changing environment?
Fig. 59. Diagram showing the succession of Stephanodiscaceae Glezer & Makarova in Pleistocene sediments (0–84 ka) from Lake Petén-Itzá (Guatemala).
Figs 1–24 in New fossil genus and new extant species of diatoms (Stephanodiscaceae, Bacillariophyceae) from Pleistocene sediments in the Neotropics (Guatemala, Central America): adaptation to a changing environment?
Figs 1–24. Type material of fossil lacustrine diatom Cyclocostis rolfii Paillès gen. et sp. nov., Lake PeténItzá (Guatemala); LM girdle view (1) and valve views (2–24). 4. Holotype (MNHN, slide PC0608731). 7–8. Valve surface strongly tangentially undulated, forming an S shape. Scale bar = 10 µm.
Data related to the manuscript "Functional relationships between critical erosion thresholds of fine reservoir sediments and their sedimentological characteristics"
<p>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p> <p>Data used in the publication "Functional relationships between critical erosion thresholds of fine reservoir sediments and their sedimentological characteristics", which is accepted by the Journal of Hydraulic Engineering and will be published in a forthcoming issue.</p> <p>Beckers, F., K. Koca, S. Haun, M. Noack, S. U. Gerbersdorf, and S. Wieprecht. Forthcoming. „Functional relationships between critical erosion thresholds of fine reservoir sediments and their sedimentological characteristics.” J. Hydraul. Eng. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.00019864">https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001984</a></p> <p> </p> <p>The data consists of two files:</p> <ul> <li>GBS.txt contains the sediment data of the reservoir <em>Großer Brombachsee</em></li> <li>SBT.txt contains the sediment data of the reservoir <em>Schwarzenbachtalsperre</em></li> </ul> <p>Both files contain information on the sediment depth and erosion stability separated into τ<sub>c,0</sub> and τ<sub>c,S</sub>.</p> <p>Furthermore, both files contain a collection of physico-chemical sediment parameters, including bulk density, sediment composition (Clay, Silt, Sand), percentiles (d<sub>10</sub>, d<sub>50</sub>, d<sub>90</sub>),cation exchange capacity (CEC), and organic content (TOC).</p> <p>Additionally, the SBT data contains biological sediment parameters, including chlorophyll-a (CHL-a), and extracellular polymeric substances separated into proteins (EPS-p) and carbohydrates (EPS-c).<br> -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p> <p>The data was collected within the transdisciplinary research project "CHARM - Challenges of Reservoir Management".</p> <p>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</p>
Kaneohe Bay Sediment Data 2015
<p>These data are the amount of sediment that has fallen in traps at 9 different reefs in Kaneohe Bay. The sediment was collected at 2 meters depth, every 3-6 weeks and dried and the values are expressed at grams of dry weight that was collected per day.<br /> </p>
Stochastic modeling of sediment connectivity for reconstructing sand fluxes and origins in the unmonitored Se Kong, Se San, and Sre Pok tributaries of the Mekong River
<p>Sediment supply to rivers, subsequent fluvial transport, and the resulting connectivity on network-scales are often sparsely monitored or subject to major uncertainty. Hence, we propose to adopt stochastic modeling approaches for studying network sediment connectivity. We demonstrate such a stochastic approach for modeling sand connectivity in the major, poorly monitored Se Kong, Se San, and Sre Pok (3S) tributaries of the Mekong River. Specifically, we run many random initializations of the CASCADE modeling framework for sediment connectivity in a Monte Carlo approach in order to quantify how unknown properties of sediment sources translate into uncertainty regarding network sediment connectivity. We identify a reduced ensemble of model realizations that reproduces downstream observations of sediment transport. This ensemble presents an inverse stochastic approximation of the spatial distribution, magnitude, and variability of transport capacity, sediment flux, and bed material grain size in the entire network (i.e., upscaling point observations to the entire network). The approximated magnitude of sediment flux in each tributary is controlled by reaches of low transport capacity (“bottlenecks”). These “bottlenecks” limit the ability of the inverse stochastic approximation to predict sediment transport in the upper parts of the catchment but they allow a clear partitioning of sand deliveries from the 3S to the Mekong, with the Se Kong delivering less (1.9 Mt/yr) and coarser (median grain size: 0.4 mm) sand than the Se San (5.3 Mt/yr, 0.22 mm) and Sre Pok (11 Mt/yr, 0.19 mm).</p>
Data for "Enhancing Versus Suppressive Effects of Sediment-Induced Density Gradients on Estuarine Lateral Circulation"
<p>The NetCDF files contain model output for experiments A–E from both the ENH and SUP series.</p> <p>The txt file provides the data sources referenced in Table A1.</p>
Fig. 5 in Bryozoan statoblasts from lake sediments in Madagascar, including two new species
Fig. 5. Floatoblasts of Plumatella kisalensis Wood, 2018. a. Paired valves, dorsal on left, ventral on right. b. SEM image of one end of ventral valve showing tuberculation. c. One end of ventral valve showing toothed margin. Scale bars: a = 100 µm; b–c = 50 µm.
Fig. 4 in Bryozoan statoblasts from lake sediments in Madagascar, including two new species
Fig. 4. Floatoblasts of Plumatella sofiae sp. nov. a. Paired floatoblast valves, dorsal on left, ventral on right. b. One end of ventral valve showing toothed margin. c. SEM of a portion of the ventral valve showing tuberculation. Scale bars: a = 100 µm; b–c = 50 µm.
Fig. 3 in Bryozoan statoblasts from lake sediments in Madagascar, including two new species
Fig. 3. Floatoblasts related to Plumatella tsimiheta sp. nov. a. Unpaired valves, dorsal on left with arrows showing annulus encroachment over the capsule, image of ventral valve (right) electronically composed to show two planes in focus. b. SEM micrograph showing floatoblast surface details on dorsal (left) and ventral (right) valves. c. SEM view of a portion of floatoblast in P. patagonica Wiebach, 1974 showing similar tuberculation. Scale bars: a–b = 100 µm; c = 50 µm.
The SMaRP database: Sulfate, Methane and Related Parameters in marine sediments
<p>Global dataset on sulfate, methane and related parameters in marine sediments</p>
CoUDlabs_WP8_T812_EAWAG_001. Sediment depth measurements for surrogate modeling of sediment build-up in gully pots using temperature data
<p>This dataset contains the results of the experimental campaign and how data were collected on the the <a href="https://co-udlabs.eu/">Co-UDlabs</a> <strong>Work Package 8 (Joint Research Activity 3)</strong>: <i>Improving resilience and sustainability in urban drainage solutions</i>; <strong>Task 8.1</strong>: <i>Development of consensus on measurement of hydraulic and water quality performance of urban drainage technologie</i>s; <strong>Subtask 8.1.2</strong>: <i>Development of scalable measurement protocols to assess the pollutant retention and release potential of urban drainage structures</i>. </p><p>Co-UDlabs is a project funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101008626.</p><p>This database was developed as part of the Master Thesis in Environmental Engineering at ETH Zurich (Switzerland). Fuchs, L. (2023). Automated surrogate model to estimate sediment accumulation from temperatures in urban drainage systems. MSc Thesis, ETH Zurich. https://polybox.ethz.ch/index.php/s/IyiM38rRy1vlHWD. Accessed on 10th of October of 2023.</p>
Data from: Promoting success in thin layer sediment placement: effects of sediment grain size and amendments on salt marsh plant growth and greenhouse gas exchange
<p>Thin layer sediment placement (TLP) is a method to mitigate factors resulting in loss of elevation and severe alteration of hydrology, such as sea level rise and anthropogenic modifications, and prolong the lifespan of drowning salt marshes. However, TLP success may vary due to plant stress associated with reductions in nutrient availability and hydrologic flushing or through the creation of acid sulfate soils. This study examined the influence of sediment grain size and soil amendments on plant growth, soil and porewater characteristics, and greenhouse gas exchange for three key US salt marsh plants: <em>Spartina alterniflora, Spartina patens, </em>and <em>Salicornia pacifica. </em>We found that bioavailable nitrogen concentrations (measured as extractable NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N) and porewater pH and salinity were found to have an inverse relationship with grain size, while soil redox was more reducing in finer sediments. This suggests that utilizing finer sediments in TLP projects will result in a more reduced environment with higher nutrient availability, while larger grain-sized sediments will be better flushed and oxidized. We further found that grain size had a significant effect on vegetation biomass allocation and rates of gas exchange, although these effects were species-specific. We found that soil amendments (biochar and compost) did not subsidize plant growth but were associated with increases in soil respiration and methane emissions. Biochar amendments were additionally ineffective in ameliorating acid sulfate conditions. This study uncovers complex interactions between sediment type and vegetation, emphasizing limitations of soil amendments. The findings aid restoration project managers in making informed decisions regarding sediment type, target vegetation, and soil amendments for successful TLP projects.</p>
Data for: The pace of global river meandering influenced by fluvial sediment supply
<p>Meandering rivers move gradually across the floodplains, and this river movement presents socioeconomic risks along river corridors and regulates terrestrial biogeochemical cycles. Experimental and field studies suggest that fluvial sediment supply can exert a primary control on lateral migration rates of rivers. However, we lack an understanding of the relative importance of environmental boundary conditions, such as floodplain vegetation and sediment supply, in setting the pace of river meandering across different environmental settings. Here, we combine the analysis of satellite imagery and global-in-scale sediment and water discharge models to evaluate the controls on lateral migration rates of 139 meandering rivers that span a wide range in size, climate, and bank vegetation. We show that migration rates normalized by the channel width monotonically increase with the volumetric sediment flux normalized by the characteristic size of the river. This relation is consistent across rivers in vegetated and unvegetated catchments, indicating that enhanced lateral migration rates in unvegetated basins is likely not only facilitated by lower bank mechanical strength, but also by higher normalized sediment supply in ephemeral rivers. Using three case examples, we also demonstrate that width-normalized meander migration rates respond to spatial gradients in sediment supply caused by river impoundments, highlighting the prominent role of sediment supply in setting the pace of meander migration. Our results suggest that sediment-supply variations caused by climate, land-cover and land-use changes can lead to predictable changes in meandering river evolution and ultimately drive architectural changes in sedimentary stratigraphy.</p>
Testing alternative hypotheses for the decline of cichlid fish in Lake Victoria using fish fossils time series from sediment cores
<p>Lake Victoria is well known for its high diversity of endemic fish species that provide livelihoods for millions of people. The lake garnered widespread attention during the twentieth century as major environmental and ecological changes modified the fish community with the extinction of ~40% of endemic cichlid species by the 1980s. Suggested causal factors include anthropogenic eutrophication, fishing, and introduced non-native species but their relative importance remains unresolved because monitoring data started in the 1970s when changes were already underway. Here, for the first time, we reconstruct two time series, covering the last ~200 years, of fish assemblage using fish teeth preserved in lake sediments. Two sediment cores Lake Victoria (Mwanza Gulf), were subsampled continuously at intra-decadal resolution, and teeth were identified to major taxa: Cyprinoidea, Haplochromini, Mochokidae, and Oreochromini. None of the fossils could be confidently assigned to non-native Nile Perch. Our data show significant decreases in haplochromine and oreochromine cichlid fish abundances began long before Nile Perch's arrival, while cyprinoids have generally been increasing. Our study is the first to reconstruct a time series of fish assemblage in Lake Victoria extending deeper back in time than the past 50 years, helping shed light on processes underlying Lake Victoria's biodiversity loss.</p>
Impacts of Post-fire Debris Flows on Fluvial Morphology and Sediment Transport in a California Central Coast Stream
<p>Structure from Motion orthoimagery, lidar differencing products, and grain size data to be published with the submission of "Impacts of Post-fire Debris Flows on Fluvial Morphology and Sediment Transport in a California Central Coast Stream" to <em>Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface.</em> </p> <p> </p> <p>2016, 2021, and 2022 orthoimagery for Upper Big Creek:</p> <p>J_2016.tif, J_2021.tif, J_2022.tif, K_2016.tif, K_2021.tif, K_2022.tif, L_2016.tif, L_2021.tif, L_2022.tif</p> <p>Files titled K_[year].tif encompass our upstream study reach; files titled J_[year].tif encompass our middle study reach; files titled L_[year].tif encompass our downstream study reach.</p> <p> </p> <p>2016, 2021, and 2022 orthoimagery for Devil's Creek:</p> <p>G_2016.tif, G_2021.tif, G_2022.tif, _2016.tif, H_2021.tif, H_2022.tif, I_2016.tif, I_2021.tif, I_2022.tif</p> <p>Files labeled G_[year].tif encompass our upstream study reach; files labeled H_[year].tif encompass our middle study reach; files labeled I_[year].tif encompass our downstream study reach.</p> <p> </p> <p>2016, 2021, and 2022 grain size data for Upper Big Creek with units in meters:</p> <p>BC_2016.csv, BC_2021.csv, BC_2022.csv</p> <p> </p> <p>2016, 2021, and 2022 grain size data for Devil's Creek with units in meters:</p> <p>DC_2016.csv, DC_2021.csv, DC_2022.csv</p> <p> </p> <p>Differenced lidar digital terrain models for Big Creek and Devil's Creek with units in meters:</p> <p>DoD_11_22.tif (difference between 2011 and 2022 lidar DTMs), DoD_11_15.tif (difference between 2011 and 2022 lidar DTMs)</p> <p> </p> <p>This work was funded by the Geological Society of America, the National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping, the Washington Section of the American Water Resources Association, the Western Washington University Research and Sponsored Programs Office, and the Western Washington University Geology Department.</p>
Data from: macrofaunal diversity patterns in coastal marine sediments: re-examining common metrics and methods
<p>Complex biodiversity patterns arise in marine systems due to overlapping ecological processes, including organism interactions, resource distribution, and environmental conditions. Despite the importance of documenting these patterns, describing diversity in natural ecosystems remains challenging. Here, we investigate three nearshore sub-Arctic sites to describe benthic macroinfaunal taxa and biological traits, with the ultimate aim of determining whether common diversity metrics and typical sampling efforts adequately capture community composition in these systems. First, we assess how diversity relates to sediment depth, and examine relationships among commonly used taxonomic and functional diversity indices. Second, using a power analysis, we explore how sampling effort influences the interpretation of diversity patterns in coastal systems. We report significant variation in community composition among sites, even across small spatial scales of kilometers, and find that taxonomically diverse communities do not necessarily correspond to high functional diversity. We further find that although environmental factors such as sediment depth consistently affect macroinfaunal diversity, the direction and magnitude of these relationships are site dependent. Finally, we demonstrate that typical sampling effort for coastal benthic studies may not capture macroinfaunal community composition adequately, potentially obscuring hotspots in common diversity metrics such as taxonomic or functional richness. Conversely, indices such as Simpson's diversity may be well-suited to resource-limited studies with restricted sampling capacity. Our results highlight the importance of adopting a multi-pronged approach to biodiversity assessment and determining optimal sample sizes for a wide range of marine benthic systems, particularly in the context of biodiversity monitoring for conservation purposes.</p>
Data from: "Rare earth elements sediment analysis tracing anthropogenic activities in the stratigraphic sequence of Alagankulam (India)"
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Relationship between sediment particle size, compaction and penetration resistance.
<p>Data on median grain size, compaction (measured with a vane tester) and penetration resistance (measured with a light penetrometer) of intertidal sediments. These data are the source of a mathematical function showing the relationship between them presented in a paper describing a new light penetrometer for intertidal and infralittoral sediments.</p>
Experimental data on "Sediment storage and fluvial sediment transport linkages across an experimental flood sequence"
<p>The repository contains data used in manuscript "Sediment storage and fluvial sediment transport linkages across an experimental flood sequence" by Hassan, Pierce, Chartrand. </p>
Fig. 5 in Small Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Marine Sediments of Gippsland Basin, South-Eastern Australia
Fig. 5. Dendrogram showing the Bray-Curtis similarity (%) between the communities from 41 habitats; taxonomic information based on species. Species data used for this analysis were from Lee and Patterson (1998), Al-Qassab et al. (2002), Lee et al. (2003, 2005), Lee (2002b, 2006a, b, 2008, 2012), Schroeckh et al. (2003), Aydin and Lee (2012) and the present study. MB – marine benthic habitats, MP – marine planktonic habitats, FB – freshwater benthic habitats, FP – freshwater planktonic habitats. * indicates Australian sites.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.