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500 results for “semi-arid”

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dryad36/100

Data from: Detection of vertebrates from natural and artificial inland water bodies in a semi-arid habitat using eDNA from filtered, swept and sediment samples

Climate warming will impact the sustainability of arid and semi-arid zone environments so we need to understand the influence of changes in arid lands on vertebrate populations. However, biomonitoring and biodiversity assessment in arid environments can be prohibitively time-consuming, expensive, and logistically challenging due to their often remote and inhospitable nature. Sampling of environmental DNA (eDNA) coupled with high-throughput sequencing is an emerging biodiversity assessment method. Here we explore the application of eDNA metabarcoding and various sampling approaches to estimate vertebrate richness and assemblage at human-constructed and natural water sources in a semi-arid region of Western Australia. Three sampling methods: sediment samples, filtering through a membrane with a pump, and membrane sweeping in the water body, were compared using two eDNA metabarcoding assays, 12S-V5 and 16smam, for 120 eDNA samples collected from four gnammas (gnamma: Australian Indigenous Noongar language term – granite rock pools) and four cattle troughs in the Great Western Woodlands, Western Australia. We detected higher vertebrate richness in samples from cattle troughs and found differences between assemblages detected in gnammas (more birds and amphibians) and cattle troughs (more mammals, including feral taxa). Total vertebrate richness was not different between swept and filtered samples, but all sampling methods yielded different assemblages. Our findings indicate that eDNA surveys in arid lands will benefit from collecting multiple samples at multiple water sources to avoid underestimating vertebrate richness. The high concentration of eDNA in small, isolated water bodies permits the use of sweep sampling which simplifies sample collection, processing, and storage, particularly when assessing vertebrate biodiversity across large spatial scales.

opencc-zeroApr 2023View details →

zenodo36/100

An Integrated Precipitation Product for the Arid and Semi-arid Regions of China

We integrate various reanalysis, meteorological observation, and satellite precipitation datasets, including CRU (Climate Research Unit), MERRA2 (Modern-Eta Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications version2), CMAP (Climate Prediction Center (CPC) integrated analysis of monthly precipitation), GPCP (Global Precipitation Climatology Project) and GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement), to create a new monthly precipitation product with a spatial resolution approximately 0.2° × 0.2° (latitude × longitude) during the period from 1980 to 2019 in ASRC. The new product was validated with observations at different temporal scales (e.g., monthly to yearly variability and trends). The results show that the new product improves the accuracy of precipitation with the lower bias of -1.1 mm month-1. The annual trend of integrated precipitation is 0.09 mm/year which is consistent with the trend of observation.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

zenodo36/100

Mapping of aridity and its connections with climate classes and climate desertification in future scenarios – Brazilian semi-arid region

This database comes from the article entitled ''Mapping of aridity and its connections with climate classes and climate desertification in future scenarios –Brazilian semi-arid region'' (https://seer.ufu.br/index.php/sociedadenatureza /article/view/67666/36193). We provide data on aridity and desertification index for the current scenario and future projections considering changes in climate.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Ecosystem stability is determined by plant defense functional traits and population stability under mowing in a semi-arid temperate steppe

<ol> <li>As a common grassland management practice in many high-latitude regions worldwide, mowing has great impacts on grassland functioning and stability. Species richness, species asynchrony and species stability have been suggested as central in responses to environmental change. Mowing can evoke plant defense systems due to physical damages to plants. However, no studies have comprehensively evaluated the role of plant defense functional traits, species richness, species asynchrony and stability in ecosystem functioning under mowing regimes across time-scales. </li> <li> In the present study, we set up short-term (4-years) and long-term (16-years) mowing experiments with three stubble heights (control, 10 cm, 2 cm) in a temperate steppe of Inner Mongolia. We investigated the effects of mowing-induced changes in distribution metrics associated with plant defense traits, i.e. mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis of trait distribution, on ecosystem stability of grassland communities using structural equation modeling. </li> <li>We found that grassland ecosystem stability was enhanced by increasing mowing duration and decreasing stubble height. Mowing-induced increases in abundance and diversity of plant defense traits contributed to greater ecosystem stability by enhancing species asynchrony and population stability. Moreover, we found that mowing enhanced the abundance and diversity of plant defense traits of dominant species and contributed to population stability and species asynchrony, thus enhancing temporal stability of grassland ecosystems. </li> <li>These results demonstrate the important roles of plant defense traits in maintaining stability of grasslands under mowing, and highlight that, in addition to species richness, asynchrony and population stability, plant functional defense trait act in stabilizing ecosystem functions under human-induced environmental changes.</li> </ol>

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

zenodo36/100

Supplementary material/Organic carbon dynamics in clay soils: impact of management practices on microorganism structure and abundance under semi-arid conditions

Proper management of soil organic matter in arid and semi-arid regions improves organic carbon storage in the soil, helps in compact soil degradation, and mitigates climate change impacts, and preserves ecosystem functionality and sustainability food security. This study aims to provide a better insight into the biogeochemical processes that drive the organic carbon dynamics of saline clay soil in a semi-arid climate. The study is not intended to be exhaustive but contributes to analyzing the relationship between bacterial microflora, physicochemical properties, and organic carbon dynamics as a function of different soil management modes. The monitoring was carried out on three different plots located at the National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria. A physicochemical characterization of the soils was performed. A metagenomic study was also conducted to identify bacterial biodiversity using PCR-amplified DNA sequencing. The study results show that the control plot has the highest average organic carbon stock value at 47 Mg ha-1. This was followed by the amended plot and the conventional plot, respectively, with 43 Mg ha-1 and 38 Mg ha-1. In the context of this study, organic carbon dynamics would appear to depend on the interaction of several biotic and abiotic factors. Soil management methods would impact the density and diversity of bacterial microflora. This, in turn, affects the soil's physicochemical properties and, more specifically, organic carbon dynamics and storage.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

dryad36/100