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1,369 results for “sexual dimorphism”
Figure 12 in Powdering of egg nests with brochosomes and related sexual dimorphism in leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
Figure 12. Grid used for counting and measuring the forewing setae in males and females of Oncometopia orbona. The wing area covered by tiles 1–10 (shaded) was analysed. Position of the grid on the wing was determined by standard anchoring points a–e. See text for details.
Figure 3 in Powdering of egg nests with brochosomes and related sexual dimorphism in leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
Figure 3. Placement of brochosome suspension onto the forewings (pellet-making) in a ready-to-oviposit female of Oncometopia orbona. (A–D) successive stages, drawn after a video record. See text for details.
Fig. 6 in Brachyhypopomus draco, a new sexually dimorphic species of Neotropical electric fish from southern South America (Gymnotiformes: Hypopomidae)
Fig. 6. Typical habitat of Brachyhypopomus draco; marshland in the Parque Estadual de Itapuã, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Fig. 2 in Brachyhypopomus draco, a new sexually dimorphic species of Neotropical electric fish from southern South America (Gymnotiformes: Hypopomidae)
Fig. 2. Brachyhypopomus draco (holotype, MCP 41540, male, 137.3 mm LEA). Detailed images of head, above, and tail, below.
Fig. 2 in A new species of sexually dimorphic Pareiorhaphis Miranda Ribeiro, 1918 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Doce basin, Brazil
Fig. 2. Map of eastern Brazil showing geographic distribution of Pareiorhaphis nasuta. Open symbol represents type-locality.
Fig. 1 in A new species of sexually dimorphic Pareiorhaphis Miranda Ribeiro, 1918 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Doce basin, Brazil
Fig. 1. Pareiorhaphis nasuta, holotype, male, MCP 41764, 78.6 mm SL. Brazil: Minas Gerais, ribeirão Areia Branca, tributary to the upper rio Matipó, rio Doce drainage.
Can diet niche partitioning enhance sexual dimorphism?
<ol> <li class="MsoNormal"> <span>Classic evolutionary theory suggests that sexual dimorphism evolves primarily via sexual and fecundity selection. However, theory and evidence is beginning to accumulate suggesting that resource competition can drive the evolution of sexual dimorphism, </span>via<span> ecological character displacement between sexes. A key prediction of </span>this<span> hypothesis is that the extent of ecological divergence between sexes will be associated with the extent of sexual dimorphism. </span> </li> <li class="MsoNormal"> <span>As the stable isotope ratios of animal tissues provide a quantitative measure of various aspects of ecology, we carried out a meta-analysis examining associations between the extent of isotopic divergence between sexes and the extent of body size dimorphism. </span>Our <span>models demonstrat</span>e<span> that large amounts of between-study variation in isotopic (ecological) divergence between sexes is non-random and may be associated with the traits of study subjects. We therefore completed meta-regressions to examine whether the extent of isotopic divergence between sexes is associated with the extent of sexual size dimorphism. </span> </li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span>We found modest but significantly positive associations across species between size dimorphism and ecological differences between sexes, that increased in strength when the ecological opportunity for dietary divergence between sexes was greatest.</span></li> <li class="MsoNormal"><span>Our results therefore provide further evidence that ecologically mediated selection, not directly related to reproduction, can contribute to the evolution of sexual dimorphism.</span></li> </ol>
Figure 3 in Sexually dimorphic claws predict courtship and mating sequence in the intertidal oribatid mite Fortuynia atlantica (Acari, Oribatida)
Figure 3 Hypothetical process of courtship and sperm transfer in Fortuynia atlantica. 1) 'attraction′:
Figure 2 in Sexually dimorphic claws predict courtship and mating sequence in the intertidal oribatid mite Fortuynia atlantica (Acari, Oribatida)
Figure 2 Graphical depiction (dorsal view) of measured morphological features. (a) distance to bridge, when clasping both handles simultaneously; x - distance from line of ′handles' to the posterior end of the male, y - distance from rostrum to insertion first leg, z - length of leg I. If x+y> z no physical contact with both legs possible, if x+y
Figure 1 in Sexually dimorphic claws predict courtship and mating sequence in the intertidal oribatid mite Fortuynia atlantica (Acari, Oribatida)
Figure 1 (a) schematic drawing with landmarks and obtained measurements on first leg claw. (b-d) box-plots showing the differences in body length, claw length and claw curvature between males and females of F. atlantica. The line in the middle of each box represents the median for each group examined.
Figure 1 in Impact of climatic factors on sexual size dimorphism in ground beetle Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger, 1798) (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Figure 1. Elytra length variation in P. melanarius from different habitats (a – females, b – males). Habitats are designated as follows: 1 – meadow, 2 – birch-forest, 3 – elm, 4 – oak-wood, 6 – pine forest, 7 – willow, 8 – shrubs, 9 – lawn, 10 – fir-forest, 11 – garden, 12 – rape field.
Figure 5 in Sexual dimorphism in Pseudopus apodus (Reptilia: Sauria: Anguidae) from the Steppe Crimea
Figure 5. Variability of the head shape in Pseudopus apodus from the Kerch Peninsula, view from above: left column – males, right column – females.
Figures 7–8 in Sexual dimorphism in Pseudopus apodus (Reptilia: Sauria: Anguidae) from the Steppe Crimea
Figures 7–8. Scatterplot of canonical scores computed for dimensions of head and body (7) and indices of body and head proportions (8) of Pseudopus apodus males and females (results of discriminant analysis).
Figure 6 in Sexual dimorphism in Pseudopus apodus (Reptilia: Sauria: Anguidae) from the Steppe Crimea
Figure 6. Variability of the head shape in Pseudopus apodus from the Kerch Peninsula, side view: left column – males, right column – females.
Figures 3–4 in Sexual dimorphism in Pseudopus apodus (Reptilia: Sauria: Anguidae) from the Steppe Crimea
Figures 3–4. Topography of Pseudopus apodus head shields: view from above, body length is 390 mm in male and 385 mm in female (im: intermaxillar (rostral), fr: frontal, pr: parietal, ip: interparietal, oc: occipital, so: supraoculars) (3), side view (im: intermaxillar (rostral), sl: supralabials, fr: frontal, so: supraoculars, na: nasal area, ot: ear aperture) (4).
Fig. 3. Drypetes aphanes Quintanar, D.J in Notes on cauliflory, sexual dimorphism and biogeography in Drypetes (Putranjivaceae, Malpighiales) and a taxonomic treatment for D. gabonensis and two new cauliflorous threatened species from Central Africa, D. aphanes sp. nov. and D. cauta sp. nov.
Fig. 3. Drypetes aphanes Quintanar, D.J. Harris & Barberá sp. nov. a. Branch and leaves. b. Petiole and leaf base, adaxial view. c. Female inflorescence. d. Female flower. e. Female sepal, abaxial view. f. Male flower. g. Fruit. – h–n. D.cauta D.J.Harris, Barberá & Quintanar sp. nov. h. Branch and leaves. i. Petiole and leaf base, adaxial view. j. Terminal bud and stipules. k. Female flower. l. Female sepal, abaxial view. m. Male flower. n. Fruit [a–c, g. Breteler 14796 (MO 6561411). d–e. McPherson 16666 (MO 6343500). f. McPherson 16690 (MO 6343501). h–i, m. Le Testu 5512 (P04707049). j. M'Boungou462 (K). k–l. Le Testu 8327 (P04707812). n. McPherson 16249 (MO 04647294)]. Illustration by Román García Mora.
Fig. 4 in Notes on cauliflory, sexual dimorphism and biogeography in Drypetes (Putranjivaceae, Malpighiales) and a taxonomic treatment for D. gabonensis and two new cauliflorous threatened species from Central Africa, D. aphanes sp. nov. and D. cauta sp. nov.
Fig. 4. Distribution of Drypetes gabonensis Pierre ex Hutch. (blue circles), Drypetes aphanes Quintanar, D.J.Harris & Barberá sp. nov. (red triangles) and D.cauta D.J.Harris, Barberá & Quintanar sp. nov. (green squares).
Fig. 2 in Notes on cauliflory, sexual dimorphism and biogeography in Drypetes (Putranjivaceae, Malpighiales) and a taxonomic treatment for D. gabonensis and two new cauliflorous threatened species from Central Africa, D. aphanes sp. nov. and D. cauta sp. nov.
Fig. 2. Drypetesgabonensis Pierre ex Hutch. a. Branch, leaves, male inflorescences. b. Branch, leaves, female inflorescences. c. Male flower before anthesis. d. Male flower. e–f. Sepals of male flower. g. Longitudinal section of male flower. h. Male flower without sepals. i. Ventral view of anther. j. Disk of male flower. k. Longitudinal section of the disk of the male flower, showing the central conical projection. l. Female flower without a sepal. m. Opened ovary showing the ovules and transverse section of the ovary. n. Fruit. o. Opened fruit showing the seeds. p. Seed. [a–p, Klaine 551, 690, 1034, 1278 (many specimens, see list of studied material).] Details c–h share the scale of 3 mm placed in d. Details j and k share the scale of 2 mm placed in j. details l and m the scale of 3 mm placed in m. Illustration by E. Delpy, modified for its publication in Flore du Gabon (Harris et al. 2021).
Fig. 1 in Notes on cauliflory, sexual dimorphism and biogeography in Drypetes (Putranjivaceae, Malpighiales) and a taxonomic treatment for D. gabonensis and two new cauliflorous threatened species from Central Africa, D. aphanes sp. nov. and D. cauta sp. nov.
Fig. 1. Different placements of the inflorescences in some African species of Drypetes Vahl: a–b. D. gilgiana (Pax) Pax & K.Hoffm. (categories IV and III, respectively). c. D. preussii (Pax) Hutch. (category I). d. D. stipularis (Müll.Arg.) Hutch. (category I). e. D. polyantha Pax & K.Hoffm. (category II). f. D.verrucosa Pierre ex Hutch. (category I). g. D.laciniata (Pax) Hutch. (category III) (a. E. Bidault 5644. b. E. Bidault 4844. c. A.H. Paradis 332. d. E. Bidault 2258. e. D.J. Harris 9761. f. E. Bidault 1861. g. E. Bidault 2245.) Photographs taken by the collectors.
Sexually dimorphic eye-size in Dragonfishes, a response to a bioluminescent signaling gap
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