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FIGURE 17 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 17: Phorytocarpais fimetorum (A) and Poecilochirus carabi (B), cross sections of deferent duct (dd) sperm, TEM. (A) sections through the nuclear region (1) and three subsequent levels of postnuclear region (2', 2", 2"'). Inset: Spermatozoon with anterior end directed to the right, DIC. (B) Left spermatozoon is sectioned through nuclear region and presents nuclear material (n) with chromatin granule (ch), sIBs, ribbons (rb) and mitochondria (m). Right spermatozoon is sectioned through the posterior end of nucleus (n). Note a high number of sIBs. Scale bars: 1 µm in (A,B); 10 µm in (A, inset). Abbreviations: ch – chromatin, dd – deferent duct cell, gIB – granular inclusion body, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbons, sIB – striated inclusion body
FIGURE 14 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 14: Paracarpais kraepelini, spermatozoa, TEM. (A) Two spermatozoa sectioned through nuclear region showing different numbers of ribbons (rb); nucleus (n) with a large chromatin granule (ch) occupies most of the internal space, thus mitochondria (m) are mostly between ribbons since sIBs are absent. Note granular material (asterisk) located between plasmalemma (arrow) and subplasmalemmal cisterns (sc). (B) Nearly axial section through nuclear region demonstrating several large chromatin granules (ch) in nuclear material (n). Inset: bent spermatozoon with anterior end marked (arrow). (C, D) Postnuclear region in cross (C) and axial (D) section. Granular inclusion bodies (gIB) contain poorly organized granular material. Scale bars: 1 µm in (A-D); 10 µm in (B, inset). Abbreviations: ch – chromatin, gIB – granular inclusion body, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbon, sc – subplasmalemmal cistern
FIGURE 13 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 13: Gamasodes spiniger, DIC (A), TEM (B, C). (A) Isolated spermatozoon with anterior end directed to the right. Arrow indicates posterior end of nucleus. (B) Deferent duct spermatozoon cross-sectioned through the nucleus filled with homogenous nuclear material (n) and surrounded by sIBs. More peripherally, 13 ribbons (rb) alternating with mitochondria (m) are present. Nucleus of deferent duct cell (dd) contains a prominent nucleolus (nu). (C) Deferent duct spermatozoa sectioned at postnuclear region, containing gIBs and mitochondria (m) surrounded by ribbons (rb); note only 12 ribbons in left sperm section; sperm cell sectioned more posteriorly (lower right corner) is filled with mitochondria (m), whereas gIBs are no longer present. Scale bars: 20 µm in (A); 1 µm in (B, C). Abbreviations: dd – deferent duct cell, gIB – granular inclusion body, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, nu – nucleolus in nucleus of deferent duct cell, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbon, sIB – striated inclusion body
FIGURE 12 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 12: Cornigamasus lunaris, TEM. (A) Deferent duct (dd) spermatozoa sectioned at different nucleus levels in anterior-posterior sequence (1-3) and through postnuclear region (4). Note some material (asterisks) located between plasmalemma and subplasmalemmal cisterns (compare with E). (B) Cross section through spermatozoon at nuclear region. (C) Nearly longitudinal section of sperm nuclear region (as in B) showing nuclear material (n), chromatin (ch), ribbons (rb) and mitochondria (m). (D) Tangential section of ribbon (rb) showing a double row of vesicular bodies. (E) Superficial fragments of two adhering cross-sectioned spermatozoa. Note regularly arranged material (asterisks) in space between sperm plasmalemma (p) and subplasmalemmal cisterns (sc). Scale bars: 1 µm in (A-E). Abbreviations: ch – chromatin, dd – deferent duct cell, gIB – granular inclusion body, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, p – sperm plasmalemma, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbon, sc – subplasmalemmal cistern, sIB – striated inclusion body
FIGURE 10 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 10: Pergamasus mediocris spermatozoon sectioned obliquely through nuclear region showing nuclear material (n), chromatin granules (ch), sIBs, mitochondria (m) and ribbons (rb). Fragment of section through postnuclear region just behind the nucleus with sIBs is visible in lower right corner, whereas in upper left corner there is a fragment of postnuclear region sectioned more posteriorly, containing gIBs instead sIBs. Scale bar: 2 µm. Inset: spermatozoon in DIC with anterior end directed to the right. Scale bar: 10 µm. Abbreviations: ch – chromatin, gIB – granular inclusion body, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbon, sIB – striated inclusion body
FIGURE 9 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 9: Pergamasus barbarus (A), P. brevicornis (B), and P. crassipes (C) isolated sperm. (A) Combined DIC and DAPI-stained fluorescence images; DNA (blue) is limited to several granules focused centrally in the elongated nuclei (arrows). (B) DNA-containing granules (blue) in DAPI-stained spermatozoon, FM. (C) Spermatozoon in DIC with a wider nucleus-containing region directed to the right and helically running ribbons visible at surface (arrow). Scale bars: 50 µm in (A-C).
FIGURE 8 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 8: Paragamasus sp., isolated spermatozoon in DIC (A), in FM stained with DAPI (B), and deferent duct (dd) spermatozoa in TEM (C, D). (A) More than two-thirds of the anterior part of the spermatozoon contains the nucleus (n). (B-D) Note that nuclear material (n) contains vacuoles well discernible both in FM images (arrows) as well as in TEM (asterisks). Sections through anterior half of spermatozoa (C) show sIBs and dense ribbons (rb), whereas more posterior section (D) also contains gIBs and ribbons of lower density. Scale bars: 10 µm in (A, B); 1 µm in (C, D). Abbreviations: ch – chromatin, dd – deferent duct cell; gIB – granular inclusion body, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbon, sIB – striated inclusion body
FIGURE 5 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 5: Leptogamasus anoxygenellus (A, B) and L. belligerens (C, D), deferent duct spermatozoa, TEM. (A) Many sperm sections at different levels. In two sections through the nucleus (n) condensed chromatin granules (ch) are visible. Inset: Spermatozoon with anterior end directed to the right, DIC. (B) The caudal end of a spermatozoon filled with flocculent material (asterisk). Ribbons and crests are no longer visible, but subplasmalemmal cisterns (sc) alternating with canaliculi (arrows) are still present. (C) Spermatozoon sectioned at postnuclear region. (D) Spermatozoa sectioned through the anterior (prenuclear) region (1), nuclear region (2), as well as postnuclear region (3). Scale bars: 1 µm in (A-D); 10 µm in (A, inset). Abbreviations: ch – chromatin, dd – deferent duct cell; gIB – granular inclusion body, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbon, sc – subplasmalemmal cistern, sIB – striated inclusion body
FIGURE 11 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 11: Cornigamasus lunaris. (A) Fragment of deferent duct with extending spermatozoa, DIC. (B) Isolated spermatozoon with anterior pole directed upward, DIC. (C) Spermatozoon stained with acetoorcein to show nuclear material (n) and chromatin (ch) in light microscope. (D,E) The same spermatozoon after DAPI staining in DIC (D) and in FM (E) to localize DNA in chromatin (ch) within nuclear material (n). Scale bars: 100 µm in (A); 50 µm in (B-E). Abbreviations: ch – chromatin, n – nucleus.
FIGURE 7 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 7: Anidogamasus teutonicus, spermatozoa in deferent duct (dd), TEM. Sperm cells sectioned through the middle of nuclear region (1) and more caudally (2) are spread among postnuclear sections (3). Note that sections (2) are somewhat oblique and show ribbons of different appearance, electron-dense ones – characteristic for anterior and middle parts of nuclear region, as well as electron-lucent ones, typical for the postnuclear region but also present in the posterior part of the nuclear region. Scale bar: 2 µm. Inset: spermatozoon in DIC with anterior end directed to the right. Scale bar: 10 µm. Abbreviations: ch – chromatin, dd – deferent duct cell; gIB – granular inclusion body, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbon, sIB – striated inclusion body
FIGURE 2 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 2: Schematic drawings of Parasitidae spermatozoa with outlined nucleus and anterior tip upwards. Abbreviations: Acs – Aclerogamasus similis, Ant – Anidogamasus teutonicus, Cl – Cornigamasus lunaris (asterisk marks anterior end), Gs – Gamasodes spiniger, Hc – Holoparasitus calcaratus, La – Leptogamasus anoxygenellus, Pac – Parasitus coleoptratorum, Pck – Paracarpais kraepelini, Pclo – Paracarpais loricatus, Pclu – Paracarpais lunulata, Pem – Pergamasus mediocris (sperm of P. barbarus, P. brevicornis and P. crassipes have similar proportions), Phf – Phorytocarpais fimetorum, Psp – Paragamasus sp., Tsp – Trachygamasus sp.
FIGURE 18 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 18: Trachygamasus sp., DIC (A), TEM (B, C). (A) Isolated spermatozoon with anterior end directed upward. Arrow indicates posterior end of nucleus. (B) Fragment of a late spermatid showing granular, incompletely condensed nuclear material (n), ribbons (rb), subplasmalemmal cisterns (sc), sIBs, and mitochondria (m). Asterisk marks mitochondrion in cyst cell enveloping spermatid. (C) Deferent duct spermatozoon sectioned through nucleus (n) containing chromatin (ch). Ribbons (rb), sIBs with unclear margins and mitochondria (m) are also present. Note sperm plasmalemma (white arrow), longitudinal crests (black arrows) above ribbons, as well as characteristic deep infoldings of plasmalemma and subplasmalemmal cisterns (sc) on both sides of ribbons. Scale bars: 50 µm in (A); 1 µm in (B,C). Abbreviations: ch – chromatin, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbon, sc – subplasmalemmal cistern, sIB – striated inclusion body
FIGURE 3 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 3: Heteroparasitus tirolensis, TEM. (A) Deferent duct (dd) containing several spermatozoa cross-sectioned at different levels. Section through nuclear region (1) shows nucleus (n) containing chromatin (white asterisk), sIBs surrounding nucleus and subplasmalemmal ribbons (rb). Sperm sectioned more caudally (2) shows the same organization; note different appearance of ribbons (left and right side) in sperm section close to the caudal end of nucleus (3). In sections at postnuclear region (4) gIBs are scattered among mitochondria (m). Posterior end of spermatozoon (5) is filled with flocculent material; there are also some mitochondria (m) and subplasmalemmal cisterns (sc). Deferent duct cells contain conspicuous RER filled with a moderately dense material (black asterisks) and electron-dense granules (arrows) in cytoplasm. Deferent duct is surrounded by visceral muscle cells (vmc). (B) Sperm section through nuclear region (left) showing nuclear material (n), sIBs, ribbons (rb) alternating with mitochondria (m), and subplasmalemmal cisterns (sc). Section of postnuclear region (right) adhering to deferent duct cell (dd) shows ribbons (rb) and subplasmalemmal cisterns (sc) surrounding gIBs and mitochondria (m). Note different density of ribbons in both sperm regions. (C) Posterior end of spermatozoon as (5) in (A), enlarged. Regularly distributed cisterns (sc) surround flocculent material (asterisk) with several mitochondria (m). Arrow indicates electron-dense, apparently secretory granules in deferent duct (dd) cell. Scale bars: 5 µm (A); 1 µm (B, C). Abbreviations: dd – deferent duct cell; gIB – granular inclusion body, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbon, RER – rough endoplasmic reticulum in deferent duct cell, sc – subplasmalemmal cistern, sIB – striated inclusion body, vmc – visceral muscle cell
FIGURE 1 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 1: General organisation of parasitid spermatozoon (left) showing superficial and internal organization, as well as spermatozoon internal structure (right) as shown on cross sections through nuclear, postnuclear and posterior regions (based on Witali´nski 1975). Abbreviations: ca – canaliculus running in longitudinal crest, ch – chromatin, cr – longitudinally running crest, gIB – granular inclusion body, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbon, sc – subplasmalemmal cistern, sIB – striated inclusion body
FIGURE 4 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 4: Holoparasitus calcaratus (A, B) and H. excipuliger (C-E), deferent duct spermatozoa except (C) which shows a testicular spermatid, TEM. (A) Sperm cells sectioned at nuclear region (right) and postnuclear region (left). Arrow indicates canaliculus running along longitudinal crest located above ribbon (rb). Inset: Two spermatozoa in DIC with nuclear (anterior) regions to the left. (B) Section at the level of posterior end of nucleus (n) surrounded by gIBs. Ribbons (rb) alternate with mitochondria (m), but ribbon appearance corresponds to postnuclear region rather than nuclear region. (C) Fragment of late spermatid sectioned at nucleus level. Nuclear material (n) is inhomogeneous due to incomplete condensation. Arrow indicates canaliculus running in longitudinal crest. Nuclear (D) and postnuclear (E) region of spermatozoon; note different compartment appearance in both regions. Arrow indicates canaliculus running in longitudinal crest. Scale bars: 1 µm (A-E); 10 µm (A, inset). Abbreviations: dd – deferent duct cell; gIB – granular inclusion body, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbon, sc – subplasmalemmal cistern,
FIGURE 16 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 16: Parasitus coleoptratorum, DIC (A), LM (B), spermatozoon cross sections in TEM (C-F). (A) Spermatozoon with anterior part containing nucleus (arrow) directed to the right. (B) Cross sections of spermatozoa filling deferent duct as visible is semithin Epon section. Dark rings of peripherally distributed ribbons (rb) are well discernible. (C) Extreme anterior end of spermatozoon packed with mitochondria (m). Note some material (asterisks) filling spaces between plasmalemma (arrow) and subplasmalemmal cisterns (sc). (D) Nuclear region showing nuclear material (n) containing a large chromatin granule (ch). Inclusion bodies (IB) with poorly discernible borders are filled with flocculent material of low electron density. (E) Section through the posterior end of nucleus (n) containing chromatin granule (ch), surrounded by inclusion bodies (IB) and mitochondria (m). (F) Postnuclear region; plasmalemma (arrow) and subplasmalemmal cisterns (sc) are in close apposition as in (D, E). Scale bars: 10 µm in (A, B); 1 µm in (C-F). Abbreviations: ch – chromatin, IB – inclusion body, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbon, sc – subplasmalemmal cistern
FIGURE 15 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 15: Paracarpais lunulata, cross-sectioned deferent duct spermatozoa, TEM. (A) Sperm cell with nucleus (n), sIBs, and ribbons (rb) deeply penetrating into the sperm cell. Inset: Spermatozoon with anterior pole directed to the right, DIC. (B) Higher magnification of spermatozoon as in (A). Note nucleus (n), sIBs, mitochondria (m), and double vesicular bodies of ribbons (rb) which penetrate the cell in this species 3.0-4.0 µm deep. Subplasmalemmal cisterns (sc), as well as longitudinal crest running above ribbon and containing canaliculus (arrow) are also present. Inset: DNA-containing granules in nucleus of spermatozoon, DAPI staining, FM. Scale bars: 2 µm in (A); 10 µm in (A, inset); 1 µm in (B); 5 µm in (B, inset). Abbreviations: dd – deferent duct cell, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbon, sc – subplasmalemmal cistern, sIB – striated inclusion body
FIGURE 6 in Sperm structure in Parasitidae mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata: Gamasina)
FIGURE 6: Aclerogamasus similis, deferent duct spermatozoa, TEM. (A) Many sperm sections at different levels: nuclear level with nuclear material (n) and condensed chromatin (ch), postnuclear level showing spermatozoon filled by gIBs and mitochondria (m), and also caudal end filled with flocculent material (asterisk) of the postnuclear region (as in Fig. 5B). Inset shows spermatozoon with anterior end directed to the left, DIC. (B) Peripheral fragments of two spermatozoa sectioned at nuclear region, at two levels – middle (1) and more posterior (2). (C) As in (B) but sections through middle nuclear region (1) adhere to postnuclear region (2). Scale bars: 2 µm in (A); 10 µm in (A, inset); 1 µm in (B, C). Abbreviations: ca –canaliculus running in longitudinal crest, ch – chromatin, dd – deferent duct cell; gIB – granular inclusion body, m – mitochondrion, n – nucleus, rb – subplasmalemmal longitudinal ribbon, sc – subplasmalemmal cistern, sIB – striated inclusion body
FIGURE 3 in Fine Structure Of The Male Genital Systems, Spermatophores And Unusual Sperm Cells Of Saxidromidae (Acari, Actinotrichida)
FIGURE 3: TEM micrographs of vas deferens and ejaculatory duct of Bovidromus roussouwi. (a) – Composed figure showing complex structure of ejaculatory duct in cross section. Note large synspermium in dorsal chamber lined by peculiar cuticle. Arrow points to eugenital (primary) genital opening. Scale bar: 20 µm. (b) – Vas deferens. Note flat epithelium. Scale bar: 20 µm. (c) – Detail of epithelium of vas deferens with irregularly shaped microvilli. Cells contain many mitochondria and are underlain by a muscular layer. Scale bar: 2 µm. (d) – Dorsal chamber of ejaculatory duct with cuticular fringes and secretion. Scale bar: 10 µm. (e) – The ejaculatory duct is surrounded by a thick muscular layer. Scale bar: 10 µm. (f) – Eugenital opening (arrow) and accessory gland. Scale bar: 20 µm.
FIGURE 4 in Fine Structure Of The Male Genital Systems, Spermatophores And Unusual Sperm Cells Of Saxidromidae (Acari, Actinotrichida)
FIGURE 4:: TEM micrographs of transversely sectioned progenital chambers of Rhinodromus lootsi (a, d-f) and Bovidromus roussouwi (b, c). (a) – Posterior part of ejaculatory duct with eugenital opening (arrow) and secondary genital opening bordered by progenital lips. Note accessory gland and position of (retracted) genital papillae. Scale bar: 20 µm. (b) – Genital papilla. Note many mitochondria and peculiarly modified cuticle. Scale bar: 5 µm. (c) – Detail showing modified cuticle of genital papilla. Note the thick cuticle consisting mainly of many loosely arranged fibres and thus giving a cushion-like appearance. Scale bar: 1.2 µm. (d) – Progenital chamber and accessory glands. Scale bar: 20 µm. (e) – Accessory gland with branching ducts. The cells contain numerous lipid inclusions. Scale bar: 10 µm. (f) – Detail showing two sections through thin ducts, which are cuticle-lined. Scale bar: 2 µm.
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