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22,710 results for “Plants for planting”
Linked collectors and determiners for: Données des collections du MNHN-Données des collections de plantes vasculaires du MNHN.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Données des collections du MNHN-Données des collections de plantes vasculaires du MNHN". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="http://bionomia.net/dataset/d51ca35e-8241-4b5c-a82a-aa835612da92">https://bionomia.net/dataset/d51ca35e-8241-4b5c-a82a-aa835612da92</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/d51ca35e-8241-4b5c-a82a-aa835612da92">https://gbif.org/dataset/d51ca35e-8241-4b5c-a82a-aa835612da92</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Data and code for Reeb, R.A. & Kuebbing, S.E. (2024). Phenology mediates direct and indirect interactions among co-occurring invasive plant species. Ecology, e4446.
<p>Data and analysis code for:</p> <p>Reeb, R.A. & Kuebbing, S.E. (2024). Phenology mediates direct and indirect interactions among co-occurring invasive plant species. Ecology, e4446. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4446">https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4446</a></p> <p>Repository contains R markdown analysis code, datasets, and the associated metadata file.</p>
High temperatures reduce growth, infection, and transmission of a naturally occurring fungal plant pathogen
<p>Climate change is rapidly altering the distribution of suitable habitats for many species as well as their pathogenic microbes. For many pathogens, including vector-borne diseases of humans and agricultural pathogens, climate change is expected to increase transmission and lead to pathogen range expansions. However, if pathogens have a lower heat tolerance than their host, increased warming could generate 'thermal refugia' for hosts. Predicting the outcomes of warming on disease transmission requires detailed knowledge of the thermal tolerances of both the host and the pathogen. Such thermal tolerance studies are generally lacking for fungal pathogens of wild plant populations, despite the fact that plants form the base of all terrestrial communities. Here, we quantified three aspects of the thermal tolerance (growth, infection, and propagule production) of the naturally occurring fungal pathogen <em>Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae</em>, which causes a sterilizing anther-smut disease on the herbaceous plant <em>Silene latifolia</em>. We also quantified two aspects of host thermal tolerance: seedling survival and flowering rate. We found that temperatures >30 degreeC reduced the ability of anther-smut spores to germinate, grow, and conjugate in vitro. In addition, we found that high temperatures (30 degreeC) during, or shortly after the time of inoculation strongly reduced the likelihood of infection in seedlings. Finally, we found that high summer temperatures in the field temporarily cured infected plants, likely reducing transmission. Notably, high temperatures did not reduce survival or flowering of the host plants. Taken together, our results show that the fungus is considerably more sensitive to high temperatures than its host plant. A warming climate could therefore result in reduced disease spread or even local pathogen extirpation, leading to thermal refugia for the host.</p>
Data from: Plant ammonium sensitivity is associated with the external pH adaptation, repertoire of nitrogen transporters, and nitrogen requirement
<p>Modern crops exhibit diverse sensitivities to ammonium as the primary nitrogen source, influenced by environmental factors such as external pH and nutrient availability. Despite its significance, there is currently no systematic classification of plant species based on their ammonium sensitivity. This study conducts a meta-analysis of 50 plant species and presents a new classification method based on the comparison of fresh biomass obtained under ammonium and nitrate nutrition. The classification uses the natural logarithm of biomass ratio as the size effect indicator of ammonium sensitivity. This numerical parameter is associated with critical factors for nitrogen demand and form preference, such as Ellenberg indicators and the repertoire of nitrogen transporters for ammonium and nitrate uptake. Finally, a comparative analysis of the developmental and metabolic responses, including hormonal balance, is conducted in two species with divergent ammonium sensitivity values in the classification. Results indicate that nitrate has a key counteracting role of ammonium toxicity in species with a higher abundance of genes encoding NRT2-type proteins and fewer of the AMT2-type proteins. Additionally, the study confirms the reliability of the phytohormone balance and methylglyoxal content as indicators for anticipating ammonium toxicity.</p>
Floristic survey of vascular plants of the Parque Estadual da Pedra Selada, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
<p>The Atlantic Forest is one of the most diverse and threatened phytogeographical domains of the world. Despite that, it includes regions of poor floristic knowledge, even in protected areas. Although the importance of protected areas in conserving the Atlantic Forest hotspot is undisputed, it is necessary to recognize the floristic richness of these areas to propose effective conservation actions. In this sense, online databases have proved to be a promising tool for compiling species lists with relevant biodiversity information. This study is based on the list of vascular plants of the “Parque Estadual da Pedra Selada”, published in the “Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil’. It summarizes species richness, endemism, and conservation status of this protected area.</p>
Trends in research approaches and gender in plant ecology dissertations over four decades
<p>Dissertations are a foundational scientific product; they are the formative product that early-career scientists create and share original knowledge. Methodological approaches used in dissertations vary depending on the research field. In plant ecology, these approaches include observations, experiments (field or controlled-environment), literature reviews, theoretical approaches, or analyses of existing data (including 'big data'). This dataset was created to examine how the emphasis on each of these categories has changed over time, and whether male and female authors differ in the methods employed. The dissertations used for this study were gathered from the <em>Proquest Dissertations and Theses Global</em> (<a href="https://www.proquest.com/pqdtglobal)">https://www.proquest.com/pqdtglobal</a><a href="https://www.proquest.com/pqdtglobal)">)</a> database.</p>
Biotic interactions promote local adaptation to soil in plants - Supplementary data
<p>Although different ecological factors shape adaptative evolution in natural habitats, we know little about how their interactions impact local adaptation. Here we used eight generations of experimental evolution with outcrossing <em>Brassica rapa</em> plants as a model system, in eight treatment groups that varied in soil type, herbivory (with/without aphids), and pollination mode (hand- or bumblebee-pollination), to study how biotic interactions affect local adaptation to soil. First, we show that several plant traits evolved in response to biotic interactions in a soil-specific way. Second, using a reciprocal transplant experiment, we demonstrate that significant local adaptation to soil-type evolved in the "number of open flowers", a trait used as a fitness proxy, but only in plants that evolved with herbivory and bee pollination. Whole genome re-sequencing of experimental lines revealed that biotic interactions caused a 10-fold increase in the number of SNPs across the genome with significant allele frequency change, and that alleles with opposite allele frequency change in different soil types (antagonistic pleiotropy) were most common in plants with an evolutionary history of herbivory and bee pollination. Our results demonstrate that the interaction with mutualists and antagonists can facilitate local adaptation to soil type through antagonistic pleiotropy. </p>
Investigating historical drivers of latitudinal gradients in polyploid plant biogeography: A multi-clade perspective
<p><em>Premise of the Study</em></p> <p>The proportion of polyploid plants in a community increases with latitude, and different hypotheses have been proposed about which factors drive this pattern. Here, we aim to understand the historical causes of the latitudinal polyploidy gradient using a combination of ancestral state reconstruction methods. Specifically, we assess whether (1) polyploidization enables movement to higher latitudes (i.e., polyploidization precedes occurrences in higher latitudes) or (2) higher latitudes facilitate polyploidization (i.e., occurrence in higher latitudes precedes polyploidization).</p> <p><em>Methods</em></p> <p>We reconstruct the ploidy states and ancestral niches of 1,032 angiosperm species at four paleoclimatic time slices ranging from 3.3 million years ago to the present, comprising taxa from four well-represented clades: Onagraceae, Primulaceae, <em>Solanum</em> (Solanaceae), and Pooideae (Poaceae). We use ancestral niche reconstruction models alongside a customized discrete character evolution model to allow reconstruction of states at specific time slices. Patterns of latitudinal movement are reconstructed and compared in relation to inferred ploidy shifts.</p> <p><em>Key Results</em></p> <p>We find that no single hypothesis applies equally well across all analyzed clades. While significant differences in median latitudinal occurrence were detected in the largest clade, Poaceae, no significant differences were detected in latitudinal movement in any clade.</p> <p><em>Conclusions</em></p> <p>Our preliminary study is the first to attempt to connect ploidy changes to continuous latitudinal movement, but we cannot favor one hypothesis over another. Given that patterns seem to be clade-specific, a larger number of clades must be analyzed in future studies for generalities to be drawn.</p>
Data from: Mycorrhizal symbiosis increases plant phylogenetic diversity and regulate community assembly
<p>The intricate mechanisms shaping plant diversity and community composition are the cornerstone of ecological understanding. Yet, the role of mycorrhizal symbiosis, the fundamental partnership between fungi and plant roots, in influencing community composition has often been underestimated. Here, we use extensive species survey data from 1,315 terrestrial ecosystem sites to elucidate the influence of mycorrhizal symbiosis on plant phylogenetic diversity and its implications for community assembly processes. Our findings demonstrate that increasing mycorrhizal symbiotic potential leads to greater phylogenetic dispersion within plant communities. Furthermore, we unveil a distinct dichotomy in the assembly processes governed by mycorrhizal status. Mycorrhizal species predominantly influence deterministic processes, suggesting a role in niche-based community assembly. Conversely, non-mycorrhizal species exert a stronger influence on stochastic processes, highlighting the importance of random events in shaping community structure. These results underscore the crucial but often hidden role of mycorrhizal symbiosis in driving plant community diversity and assembly. This study provides valuable insights into the complex mechanisms shaping ecological communities and the way for more informed conservation and management practices that acknowledge the complex interplay between symbiosis and ecological community dynamics.</p>
Data from: Evaluation of a low-cost staining method for improved visualization of sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) eggs on multiple crop plant species
<p>The sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is a damaging insect pest that feeds on hundreds of crop plants. Oviposition rate is a useful metric to screen plants for whitefly resistance. Whitefly eggs are small and translucent, and can therefore be hard to count on the leaves of some crops. In this research, we tested a selective egg staining process on five crop species to determine if egg staining can improve the visualization and quantification of whitefly eggs. By comparing the egg counts before and after staining using two-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank tests (a non-parametric test for paired analyses). Two individuals counted the eggs, and for both these counters we found a significant increase in the number of visible eggs after staining on melon, tomato, and cowpea. This method could be applied to improve phenotyping for whitefly resistance in plant breeding applications.</p>
Figure 1 in Ten years from propagule to mature plant of Butia purpurascens Glassman (Arecaceae): an endemic and endangered palm of the Brazilian Cerrado
Figure 1. General view of Butia purpurascens population in southwest Goiás, with its leaves extracted (relived crown). In the foreground, some plants with inflorescence and immature infrutescences. In the background, the clearing of natural areas of Cerrado for agricultural use (A). Detail of individuals without extracted leaves. Note the large size (about 6-7 m heigth) of some individuals (B). Photos are from the authors.
Figure 2 in Ten years from propagule to mature plant of Butia purpurascens Glassman (Arecaceae): an endemic and endangered palm of the Brazilian Cerrado
Figure 2. Details of fruits, pyrenes and seedling of Butia purpurascens. Mature fruits (A); stem primordium (B); predate pyrenes (C) and seedling showing root primordium (D). Credit to James Dean L. Rocha for Foto C. Other photos are from the authors.
Fig. 3 in Black cherry as a host plant for stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in agroecosystems in Georgia, USA
Fig. 3. Mean number of Chinavia hilaris adults and nymphs detected per scout sample in black cherry tree in 2016 (A) and 2018 (B). Fl = flowering; Gr = green fruit; Pi = pink fruit; Rd = red fruit; Pu = purple fruit; Go = fruit gone.
Figs. 15–24 in Taxonomic studies on the genus Caryopemon (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) of China and Myanmar with some new host plants
Figs. 15–24. Caryopemon giganteus; 15, dorsal view; 16, ventral view; 17, hind femur; 18, lateral lobes, ventral view; 19, setae on the lateral lobe; 20, median lobe, dorsal view; 21, minute denticles in the middle of internal sac, 22; median lobe, lateral view; 23, ovipositor; 24, apex of ovipositor. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 2 in Black cherry as a host plant for stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in agroecosystems in Georgia, USA
Fig. 2. Mean number of Chinavia hilaris adults and nymphs captured per pheromone-baited trap in black cherry in 2016 (A), 2017 (B), and 2018 (C).
Fig. 1 in Black cherry as a host plant for stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in agroecosystems in Georgia, USA
Fig. 1. Mean number of Euschistus servus and Euschistus tristigmus adults and nymphs captured per pheromone-baited trap in black cherry in 2016 (A), 2017 (B), and 2018 (C).
Figs. 25 and 26. Localities and host plant for the herein described Caryopemon species. Fig. 25 in Taxonomic studies on the genus Caryopemon (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) of China and Myanmar with some new host plants
Figs. 25 and 26. Localities and host plant for the herein described Caryopemon species. Fig. 25. Map of southwestern China, illustrating localities for Caryopemon species in China and Myanmar. Caryopemon hieroglyphicus = square, Caryopemon luteonotatus = triangle, Caryopemon giganteus = circles. Fig. 26. Seeds of Mucuna sp. (Fabaceae) from Myanmar (Lashio): the middle and right were infested by Caryopemon giganteus. Scale bar = 10 mm.
Figs. 1–8 in Taxonomic studies on the genus Caryopemon (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) of China and Myanmar with some new host plants
Figs. 1–8. Caryopemon hieroglyphicus; 1, dorsal view; 2, ventral view; 3, hind femur; 4, lateral lobes, ventral view; 5, median lobe; 6, ovipositor; 7, apex of ovipositor; 8, spermatheca. Scale bars = 1 mm. (4 and 5 from Singal, 1987)
Figure 7 in High seeding rates, interrow mowing, and electrocution for weed management in organic no-till planted soybean
Figure 7. Annual, perennial, dicot, and monocot weed biomass in each weed management treatment pooled across fields. Similar letters above bars indicate no significant difference using separate Fisher's LSD tests (P> 0.05). Error bars are standard errors, and treatments are abbreviated: NC, nontreated control; SR, seeding rate; IM, interrow mower; WZ, Weed Zapper™.
Figure 6 in High seeding rates, interrow mowing, and electrocution for weed management in organic no-till planted soybean
Figure 6. Diversity indices of weed communities for all treatments. Weed by species biomass was pooled across fields.Similar letters above bars indicate no significant difference using separate Fisher's LSD tests (P> 0.05).Error bars are standard errors and treatments are abbreviated:NC,nontreated control; SR,seeding rate; IM, interrow mower;WZ,Weed Zapper™.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.