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4,059 results for “mammal”
Data from: Trait-dependent associations between early- and late-life reproduction in a wild mammal
<p>Early- versus late-life trade-offs are a central prediction of life-history theory that are expected to shape the evolution of ageing. While ageing is widely observed in wild vertebrates, evidence that early–late trade-offs influence ageing rates remains limited. Vertebrate reproduction is a complex, multi-stage process, yet few studies have examined how different aspects of early-life reproductive allocation shape late-life performance and ageing. Here, we use longitudinal data from a 36-year study of wild Soay sheep to show that early-life reproduction predicts late-life reproductive performance in a trait-dependent manner. Females that started breeding earlier showed more rapid declines in annual fecundity with age, consistent with a trade-off. However, age-related declines in offspring first-year survival and birth weight were not associated with early-life reproduction. Selective disappearance was evident in all three late-life reproductive measures, with longer-lived females having higher average performance. Our results provide mixed support for early–late reproductive trade-offs and show that the way early-life reproduction shapes late-life performance and ageing can differ among reproductive traits.</p>
Data from: Multi-locus homozygosity promotes actuarial senescence in a wild mammal
<ol> <li>Genome-wide homozygosity, caused for example by inbreeding, is expected to have deleterious effects on survival and/or reproduction. Evolutionary theory predicts that any fitness costs are likely to be detected in late life because natural selection will filter out negative impacts on younger individuals with greater reproductive value.</li> <li>Here we infer associations between multi-locus homozygosity, sex, disease, and age-dependent mortality risks using Bayesian analysis of the life histories of wild European badgers (<em>Meles</em> <em>meles</em>) in a population naturally infected with <em>Mycobacterium</em> <em>bovis</em> (the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis).</li> <li>We find important effects of multi-locus homozygosity on all parameters of the Gompertz-Makeham mortality hazard function, but particularly in later-life.</li> <li>Our findings confirm the predicted association between genomic homozygosity and actuarial senescence. Increased homozygosity is particularly associated with an earlier onset, and greater rates of actuarial senescence, regardless of sex. The association between homozygosity and actuarial senescence is further amplified among badgers putatively infected with bovine tuberculosis.</li> <li>These results recommend further investigation into the ecological and behavioural processes that result in genome-wide homozygosity, and focused work on whether homozygosity is harmful or beneficial during early life-stages.</li> </ol>
Data from: A global assessment of Bergmann's rule in mammals and birds
<p><span>Bergmann's rule states that endotherms have a large body size in high latitudes and cold climates. However, previous empirical studies have reported mixed evidence on the relationships between body size and latitude, raising the question of why some clades of endotherms follow Bergmann's rule whereas others do not. Here, we synthesized the interspecific relationships between body size and latitude among 16,187 endothermic species (5,422 mammals and 10,765 birds) using Bayesian phylogenetic generalized linear mixed models to examine the strength and magnitude of Bergmann's rule. We further assessed the effect of biological and ecological factors (i.e., body mass categories, dietary guild, winter activity, habitat openness, and climate zone) on the variations in the body mass–latitude relationships by adding an interaction term in the models. Our results revealed a generally weak but significant adherence to Bergmann's rule among all endotherms at the global scale. Despite taxonomic variation in the strength of Bergmann's rule, the body mass of species within most animal orders showed an increasing trend toward high latitudes. Generally, large-bodied, temperate species, non-hibernating mammals, and migratory and open-habitat birds tend to conform to Bergmann's rule more than their relatives do. Our results suggest that whether Bergmann's rule applies to a particular taxon is mediated by not only geographical and biological features but also potential alternate strategies that species might have for thermoregulation. Future studies could explore the potential of integrating comprehensive trait data into phylogenetic comparative analysis to re-assess the classic ecogeographical rules on a global scale.</span></p>
FIG. 42. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V5797 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 42. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V5797, stereophotograph of right pes in plantar view.
FIG. 41. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V5797 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 41. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V5797, stereophotograph of left pes in palmar view.
FIG. 40. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V5797 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 40. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V5797, stereophotograph of left pes in plantar view.
FIG. 36. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7454 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 36. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7454, stereophotograph of cervical vertebrae in lateral view.
FIG. 35. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7454 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 35. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7454, stereophotograph of left ear region in ventral view.
FIG. 32 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 32. Drawing of temporal region of Hsiangolestes youngi skull (based on IVPP V5436).
FIG. 31. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7438, serial sections 9–49 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 31. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7438, serial sections 9–49 (from back forward).
FIG. 30. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7438, serial sections 50–80 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 30. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7438, serial sections 50–80 (from back forward).
FIG. 29. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7438, serial sections 85–115 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 29. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7438, serial sections 85–115 (from back forward).
FIG. 28. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7438, serial sections 234–257 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 28. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7438, serial sections 234–257 (from back forward).
FIG. 43. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V5797 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 43. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V5797, stereophotograph of right pes in palmar view.
FIG. 26. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7438, serial sections 283–331 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 26. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7438, serial sections 283–331 (from back forward).
FIG. 27. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7438, serial sections 260–278 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 27. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7438, serial sections 260–278 (from back forward).
FIG. 23. Hsiangolestes youngi skull, IVPP V5346 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 23. Hsiangolestes youngi skull, IVPP V5346, left lateral view
FIG. 11 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 11. Skull and lower jaw of Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7454.
FIG. 22. Hsiangolestes youngi skull, IVPP V5797 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 22. Hsiangolestes youngi skull, IVPP V5797: A. dorsal and B. left lateral views.
FIG. 17. Hsiangolestes youngi lower jaw, IVPP V7435 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 17. Hsiangolestes youngi lower jaw, IVPP V7435: A. left lateral and B. right lateral views.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.