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Figure 4 in Revision of the genus Bosmina Baird, 1845 (Cladocera: Bosminidae), based on evidence from male morphological characters and molecular phylogenies

Figure 4. Bosmina (Bosmina) longirostris: from a duck pond near Ghent University, Belgium. A, postabdomen of juvenile female; B, juvenile male I, lateral view; C, D, postabdomen of juvenile male I; E, rostrum and antennae I of juvenile male I; F, limb I of juvenile male I, inner view; G, H, distal portion of limb I of juvenile male I; I, juvenile male II, lateral view; J–L, postabdomen of juvenile male II; M, rostrum and antennae I of juvenile male II; N, antenna II of juvenile male II; O, limb I of juvenile male II, inner view; P, distal portion of juvenile male II. See text for a list of morphological abbreviations. Scale bars: 100 Mm.

Figure 3 in Revision of the genus Bosmina Baird, 1845 (Cladocera: Bosminidae), based on evidence from male morphological characters and molecular phylogenies

Figure 3. Bosmina (Bosmina) longirostris: adult male from a duck pond near Ghent University, Belgium (A–D), and juvenile male II from Lake Glubokoe, Moscow Area, Russia (E–H). A, B, postabdomen; C, tip of postabdomen in distal view; D, distal portion of limb I; E, F, rostrum; G, lateral head pore and coxal portion of antenna II; H, postabdomen and copulatory hook on limb I. Scale bar: 10 Mm.

Figure 2 in Revision of the genus Bosmina Baird, 1845 (Cladocera: Bosminidae), based on evidence from male morphological characters and molecular phylogenies

Figure 2. Bosmina (Bosmina) longirostris: adult male from a duck pond near Ghent University, Belgium. A, lateral view; B, anterior view; C, head; D, lateral head pore; E, F, rostrum; G, antenna II; H, mucro. Scale bars: 100 Mm for (A, B); 10 Mm for (C–H).

Figure 1 in Revision of the genus Bosmina Baird, 1845 (Cladocera: Bosminidae), based on evidence from male morphological characters and molecular phylogenies

Figure 1. Bosmina (Bosmina) longirostris: adult male from a duck pond near Ghent University, Belgium. A, B, general view; C, lateral head pore; E, F, postandomen; G, antennae I, anterior view; H, antenna II, posterior view; I, distal portion of antenna II, anterior view; J, limb I, inner view; K–M, distal portion of limb I; N, subdistal lobe. See text for a list of morphological abbreviations. Scale bars: 100 Mm.

Figure 34. Interrelationships among basal actinopterygians including the new data from Stegotrachelus finlayi. A branch and bound search reveals a in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 34. Interrelationships among basal actinopterygians including the new data from Stegotrachelus finlayi. A branch and bound search reveals a single most parsimonious tree (length = 145; consistency index = 0.57; retention index = 0.75; rescaled consistency index = 0.43). Values immediately below the nodes are Bremer decay indices. Values above Bremer decay indices represent bootstrap support values based on a heuristic search algorithm with 10 000 pseudoreplicates and ten addition-sequence replicates. Bootstrap values in excess of 40% are included. Letters at nodes are keyed to the apomorphy list provided in Appendix S3. Line drawings adapted from: Onychodus jandemarrai, Andrews et al. (2006), with body adapted from Strunius, Jessen (1966); Miguashaia bureaui, Cloutier (1996); Uranolophus wyomingensis, Long (1993); Osteolepis macrolepidotus, Jarvik (1948); Cheirolepis canadensis, Arratia & Cloutier (1996); Cheirolepis schultzei, Arratia & Cloutier (2004); Cheirolepis tralli, Pearson & Westoll (1979); Osorioichthys marginis, Taverne (1997); Donnrosenia schaefferi, Long et al. (2008); Tegeolepis clarki, Friedman & Blom (2006); Howqualepis rostridens, Long (1988); 'Mimia' toombsi, Gardiner (1984); Krasnoyarichthys jesseni, Prokofiev (2002); S. finlayi is original; Moythomasia dugaringa, Gardiner (1984) and Brian Choo (pers. comm., 2008); Moythomasia nitida, Jessen (1968); Limnomis delaneyi, Daeschler (2000); Cuneognathus gardineri and Kentuckia hlavini, Friedman & Blom (2006); Melanecta anneae and Woodichthys bearsdeni, Coates (1998); Wendyichthys dicksoni, Lund & Poplin (1997).

Figure 33 in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 33. Previous hypotheses of basal actinopterygian interrelationships. Bold face taxonomic names correspond to uncontested Devonian taxa: A, after Gardiner (1967); B, after Patterson (1982). B-I, including extant taxa, B-II, including the extinct Cheirolepis, Moythomasia, and Pteronisculus among living lineages; C, after Gardiner (1984); D, after Long (1988). D-I, including Howqualepis among taxa in Gardiner's (1984) cladogram, D-II, a cladogram only including Devonian genera; E, after Gardiner & Schaeffer (1989); F, after Coates (1998); G, after Taverne (1997); H, after Schultze & Cumbaa (2001); I, after Friedman & Blom (2006); J, after Long et al. (2008), the strict consensus of two equally most parsimonious trees.

Figure 16. Stegotrachelus finlayi. A in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 16. Stegotrachelus finlayi. A, restoration in right lateral view. Scale bar = 10 mm. B, 'fleshed-out' restoration in left dorsolateral view. The pattern of squamation at the base of the pectoral fin in unclear, and thus has not been infilled.

Figure 12 in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 12. Clavicle, cleithrum, and interpretive drawing of specimen NMS 973.10.30.(C.). Specimen in left lateral view. Shaded regions in the inset match preserved regions in specimen. Scale bar = 5 mm.

Figure 26 in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 26. Flank scales posterior to the supracleithrum in specimen BMNH P.13410. The ventrally sloping anterior ridges do not truncate the transverse ornamentation like in Cuneognathus and Limnomis (Daeschler, 2000; Friedman & Blom, 2006). Instead, the ornament is similar to Dialipina (Schultze, 1992) including anterior ridges that bend and orientate about the rostrocaudal axis. Specimen in left lateral view. Scale bar = 2 mm.

Figure 32 in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 32. Pore-bearing dorsal ridge scales with circumferential ridges of dermal ornament. A, scales number 5 and 6. Specimen BMNH P.13410 in left lateral view. B, scales number 10 and 11. Specimen NMS G 2002.26.1360 in right lateral view. Scale bars = 2 mm.

Figure 25 in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 25. Scale pores and posterior marginal spines. Flank scales behind the cleithrum in NMS G 2002.26.1360. Specimen in right lateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figure 13 in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 13. The postcleithrum and ventral blade of the supracleithrum in specimen NMS G 2002.26.1360. Specimen in right lateral view. Shaded regions in the inset match preserved regions in specimen. Scale bar = 2 mm.

Figure 9 in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 9. Snout and interpretive drawing of specimen BMNH P.20310. Skull in dorsal view. Anterior is toward the top of the page. Diagonal hatching indicates damaged bone. Shaded regions in the inset match preserved regions in specimen. Scale bar = 5 mm.

Figure 6 in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 6. Skull roof, snout, cheek, and operculo-gular series of specimen BMNH P.13410. Head in left lateral view. Shaded regions in the inset match preserved regions in specimen. Ganoine ornament shaded to raise it above the background surface. Scale bar = 10 mm.

Figure 4 in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 4. Skull roof and interpretive drawing of specimen NMS 1973.10.35.(P.). Head in dorsal view. Shaded regions in the inset match preserved regions in specimen. Anterior is toward the top of the page. Scale bar = 5 mm.

Figure 2 in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 2. Geological map of south-east Shetland. Modified from Woodward & White (1926). Stegotrachelus finlayi is recovered from Exnaboe, Dunrossness, and the Ness of Sound: (C2) the Brindister Flags Formation of the Middle Old Red Sandstone. See arrows and Explanation.

Figure 15 in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 15. Full body outline of Stegotrachelus finlayi. Specimen BMNH P.13418 in right lateral view. Scale bar = 10 mm.

Figure 30 in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 30. The first ventral ridge scale immediately anterior to the pelvic fin in specimen NMS G 2002.26.1360. Note the recessed posterior margin characteristic of the ridge scales. Comments in text. Specimen in right lateral view. Scale bar = 2 mm.

Figure 1 in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 1. Previous reconstructions of Stegotrachelus finlayi: A, left lateral profile of the original 1926 reconstruction of S. finlayi. After Woodward & White (1926). Scale bar = 10 mm. B, 1963 reconstruction of the S. finlayi skull. After Gardiner (1963). Head in left lateral view. Scale bar = 5 mm.

Figure 8 in Devonian actinopterygian phylogeny and evolution based on a redescription of Stegotrachelus finlayi

Figure 8. Skull profile and interpretive drawing of specimen NMS G 002.26.1384. This is the only described specimen with a preserved acrodin cap. Skull in left lateral view. Diagonal hatching indicates damaged bone. Shaded regions in the inset match preserved regions in specimen. Scale bar = 10 mm.