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5,481 results for “people”
Ecosystem services enhanced through soundscape management link people and wildlife
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Data from: Developing the global potential of citizen science: assessing opportunities that benefit people, society and the environment in East Africa
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Data from: Spontaneous forest regrowth in South-West Europe: consequences for nature’s contributions to people
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Peaceful coexistence between people and deadly wildlife: why are recreational users of the ocean so rarely bitten by sea snakes?
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Prevalence of elevated liver transaminases and their relationship with alcohol use in people living with HIV on anti-retroviral therapy in Uganda
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Data for: Longitudinal metatranscriptomic sequencing of Southern California wastewater representing 16 million people from August 2020-21 reveals widespread transcription of antibiotic resistance genes
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The conservation value of residential yards: Linking birds and people
Urbanization is recognized as one of the greatest threats to biodiversity throughout the world. However, the vegetation within an urbanized landscape is diverse and includes a variety of native and exotic plant species. This variation allows for testing whether certain landscape designs outperform others in the support of native biodiversity. Residential yards represent a large component of an urban landscape and, if managed collectively for birds and other wildlife, could offset some of the negative effects of urbanization. In addition, many urbanites have their primary interaction with the natural world in their front and back yards. Therefore, ensuring positive wildlife experiences for them is essential in promoting urban biodiversity. At the Central Arizona – Phoenix Long Term Ecological Research (CAP LTER) site, we tested the efficacy of native landscaping in residential yards in attracting native birds. We also explored the links between socioeconomic factors, landscape designs, and urban gradient measurements with the urban bird communities. A Redundancy Analysis suggested that native desert bird species increased in abundance in neighborhoods with desert landscaping designs, neighborhoods closer to large desert tracts, and in higher income neighborhoods. Variance partitioning showed that collectively these three sets of environmental variables explained almost fifty percent of the variation in the urban bird community. Results suggested racial and economic inequities in access to biodiversity, whereby predominantly Hispanic and lower income neighborhoods had fewer native birds. Furthermore, we also found that residents’ satisfaction with bird diversity was positively correlated with actual bird diversity. Our study provides new insights into the relative importance of socioeconomic variables and common urban ecological measurements in explaining urban bird communities. Urban planners can use this information to develop residential landscapes that support the
Brumadinho tailings dam, Brazil model animations of mudflow and risk to people plus GIS files
<p>The data set comprises animations of modelling the mudflow and risks to people carried out of the Brumadinho tailings dam failure which occurred in January 2019. Some additional GIS files are also included.</p>
Data from: Impact of a novel community testing pathway for people with suspected COVID-19 in Wales: a cost-minimisation analysis
<p><b>Objective: </b>To compare NHS organisations testing pathways for patients with suspected COVID-19 in the community versus standard hospital testing practices</p> <p><b>Perspective</b>: NHS commissioners and services</p> <p><b>Methods</b>: During the containment phase of the Covid-19 pandemic we developed a community model pathway for Covid-19 testing in Wales with testing teams undertaking swabbing for Covid-19 in individuals usual place of residence. We undertook a cost-minimisation analysis comparing the costs to the NHS in Wales of community testing for COVID-19 versus standard hospital testing practices and ambulance conveyancing. We analysed data from patients with suspected COVID-19 between January and February 2020 and applied assumptions of costs from national contractual and reference costs for ambulances, staffing and transportation with market costs at the time of publication.</p> <p><b>Results</b>: 177 patients with suspected COVID-19 underwent community testing via local NHS organisations between January and February 2020 with a mean age of 46.1 (IQR 27.5-56.3). This was 92% of total patients who were tested for Covid-19 during this period. We estimate, compared to standard hospital testing practices cash savings in improved productivity for the NHS of £152,190 during this time period, in addition to further non-monetised benefits for hospital and ambulance flow.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b>: Community testing for COVID-19 in Wales is now an established pathway and continues to bring benefits for patients, local healthcare organisations and the NHS. Further application of this model in other settings and to other infectious diseases may herald promising returns.</p>
Metabolomics.Info People Portal Data as of 3 August 2020
<p>Metabolomics.Info People Portal Data as of 3 August 2020 in <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/n-triples/">N-Triples</a> format.</p>
New onset neurologic events in people with COVID-19 infection in three regions in China
<p><strong><i>Objective</i>:</strong> To investigate new-onset neurologic impairments associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).</p> <p><strong><i>Methods</i>:</strong> A retrospective multicenter cohort study conducted between 18 January and 20 March 2020 including people with confirmed COVID-19 from 56 hospitals officially designated in three Chinese regions; data were extracted from medical records. New-onset neurologic events as assessed by neurology consultants based on manifestations, clinical examination and investigations, in which critical events included disorders of consciousness, stroke, CNS infection, seizures and status epilepticus.</p> <p><strong><i>Results</i>:</strong> We enrolled 917 people with average age 48.7 years and 55% were male. The frequency of new onset critical neurologic events was 3.5% (32/917) overall and 9.4% (30/319) among those with severe or critical COVID-19. These were impaired consciousness (n=25) or/and stroke (n=10). The risk of critical neurologic events was highly associated with age above 60 years and previous history of neurological conditions. Non-critical events were seen in less than 1% (7/917), including muscle cramp, unexplained headache, occipital neuralgia, tic and tremor. Brain CT in 28 people led to new findings in nine. Findings from lumbar puncture in three with suspected CNS infection, unexplained headache or severe occipital neuralgia were unremarkable.</p> <p><strong><i>Conclusions</i>:</strong> People with COVID-19 aged over 60 and neurologic comorbidities were at higher risk of developing critical neurologic impairment, mainly impaired consciousness and cerebrovascular accidents. Brain CT should be considered when new-onset brain injury is suspected, especially in people under sedation or showing an unexplained decline in consciousness. Evidence of direct acute insult of SARS-COV-2 to the CNS is still lacking.</p>
The relationship between glucose control & cognitive function in people with diabetes after a lacunar stroke: supplementary material
Context & Objective <p>Lacunar strokes and diabetes are risk factors for cognitive dysfunction. Elucidating modifiable risk factors for cognitive dysfunction has large public health implications. One factor may be glycemic status, as measured by glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C). The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between A1C and cognitive function in lacunar stroke patients with diabetes.</p> Design, Setting, Participants & Outcomes <p>The effect of baseline and follow-up A1C on the baseline and the change in Cognitive Assessment Screening Instrument (CASI) score over time among participants with a median of 2 cognitive assessments (range 1-5) was examined in of 942 individuals with diabetes and a lacunar stroke who participated in the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes (SPS3) trial (ClinicalTrials.gov number, <a href="http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00059306"><span>NCT00059306</span></a>).</p> Results <p>Every 1 % higher baseline A1C was associated with a 0.06 lower standardized CASI z-score (95% CI -0.101, -0.018). Higher baseline A1C values were associated with lower CASI z-score over time (p for interaction=0.037). <span> A 1% increase in A1C over time, corresponded with a CASI score </span>decrease of 0.021 (95% CI -0.0043, -0.038) during follow-up. All these remained statistically significant after adjustment for age, sex, education, race, depression, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, BMI, CVD, OSA, diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy insulin use and White Matter Abnormalities. </p> Conclusion <p>This analysis of lacunar stroke patients with diabetes demonstrates a relationship between A1C and change in cognitive scores over time. Intervention studies are needed in order to delineate if better glucose control could slow the rate of cognitive decline in this high risk population.</p>
Figure 2 from: Al-Nadaf AH, Awadallah A (2020) Evaluation for the level of knowledge about herbal medicine use within people and university students in Mutah region. Pharmacia 67(4): 397-403. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.67.e59319
Figure 2 Illnesses for which herbal drugs are used among participants. Participants answer for open-ended question: Illnesses for which herbs are used other than mentioned in the questionnaire.
Figure 1 from: Al-Nadaf AH, Awadallah A (2020) Evaluation for the level of knowledge about herbal medicine use within people and university students in Mutah region. Pharmacia 67(4): 397-403. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.67.e59319
Figure 1 Source of herbal information. The chart shows the sources of information about way and recipes to herbal drugs.
Body image of people over 50 in Spain collected through the BSQ questionnaire
<p>The present data is aimed at investigating the levels of body satisfaction in healthy individuals over the age of 50 living in Spain. The main purpose of the research is to determine whether the concern about the physical appearance is strongly related to age in mature and old individuals. Gender, age, coexistence environment and the presence or absence of a partner are relevant variables taken into account for body satisfaction. Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), adapted to Spanish and validated according to the Spanish population, is used to measure body satisfaction. </p>
Data from: Deliberation favours social efficiency by making people disregard their relative shares: evidence from USA and India
Groups make decisions on both the production and the distribution of resources. These decisions typically involve a tension between increasing the total level of group resources (i.e. social efficiency) and distributing these resources among group members (i.e. individuals' relative shares). This is the case because the redistribution process may destroy part of the resources, thus resulting in socially inefficient allocations. Here we apply a dual-process approach to understand the cognitive underpinnings of this fundamental tension. We conducted a set of experiments to examine the extent to which different allocation decisions respond to intuition or deliberation. In a newly developed approach, we assess intuition and deliberation at both the trait level (using the Cognitive Reflection Test, henceforth CRT) and the state level (through the experimental manipulation of response times). To test for robustness, experiments were conducted in two countries: the USA and India. Despite absolute-level differences across countries, in both locations we show that: (i) time pressure and low CRT scores are associated with individuals' concerns for their relative shares and (ii) time delay and high CRT scores are associated with individuals' concerns for social efficiency. These findings demonstrate that deliberation favours social efficiency by overriding individuals' intuitive tendency to focus on relative shares.
Data from: Why hate the good guy? Antisocial punishment of high cooperators is greater when people compete to be chosen
When choosing social partners, people prefer good cooperators (all else equal). Given this preference, anyone wishing to be chosen can either increase their own cooperation to become more desirable, or suppress others' cooperation to make them less desirable. Previous research shows that very cooperative people sometimes get punished ("antisocial punishment") or criticized ("do-gooder derogation") in many cultures. Here we use a public goods game with punishment to test whether antisocial punishment is used as a means of competing to be chosen by suppressing others' cooperation. As predicted, there was more antisocial punishment when participants were competing to be chosen for a subsequent cooperative task (a Trust Game) than without a subsequent task. This difference in antisocial punishment cannot be explained by differences in contributions, moralistic punishment, or confusion. This suggests that antisocial punishment is a social strategy that low cooperators use to avoid looking bad when high cooperators escalate cooperation.
Objective measurement in routine care of people with Parkinson's disease improves outcomes
<p>It is common in medicine to titrate therapy according to target ranges of objectively measured parameters. Objective measurement of motor function is available for Parkinson's Disease (PD), making it possible to optimise therapy and clinical outcomes. In this study, an accelerometry-based measurement and predefined target ranges were used to assess motor function in a Northern Tasmania PD cohort managed by a Movement Disorder clinic. Approximately 40% (n=103) of the total PD population participated in this study and motor scores were within target in 22%. In the 78% above target, changes in oral therapy were recommended in 74%, Advanced Therapy in 12% and treatment was contraindicated in 9%. Following changes in oral therapy, there was a further objective measurement and clinical consultation to establish whether scores had reached target range: if so subjects left the study, otherwise further changes of therapy were recommended (unless contraindications were present). Seventy-seven cases completed the study, with 48% achieving target (including 22% at outset), Advanced Therapy recommended in 19% and contraindications preventing any change in therapy in 17%. In the 43% of cases in whom oral therapy was changed, total UPDRS improved significantly (effect size =8) as did the PDQ39 in cases reaching target. NMS Quest and MOCA scores also improved significantly. This study shows that many people in a representative cohort of PD would benefit from objective assessment and treatment of their PD features against a target. </p>
THE IMPACT OF MASS-CULTURAL EVENTS ON THE MORAL EDUCATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE AND ITS NECESSITY IN THE FUTURE
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Old_people_INE_Chile
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.