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FIGURE 7. Putaoa huaping new species. Male. A in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 7. Putaoa huaping new species. Male. A, Prosoma, anterior; B, prosoma, dorsal; C, E, epiandrous fusules; D, eye region, anterodorsal; F, PLS with six aciniform spigots (right) and PMS with minor ampullate and two aciniform spigots (left).

FIGURE 12 in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 12. One of the four minimal length trees of 205 steps that result from the analysis of the data matrix presented in Appendix 1 (CI = 0.52, RI = 0.75). Exclusion of the six parsimony uninformative characters decreases the tree length to 196 steps and the ensemble consistency index to 0.5. Ambiguous character changes are resolved under "Farris optimization." Closed circles represent non-homoplasious character changes. The two nodes that collapse in the strict consensus cladogram of the four most parsimonious trees are marked with a closed rectangle. Numbers at nodes indicate Bremer support / parsimony jackknife frequency (only those above 50% are reported). The basal trichotomy has been resolved according to the araneoid topology presented in Griswold et al. (1998); see text for additional details.

FIGURE 3. Putaoa huaping new species. Male pedipalp. A in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 3. Putaoa huaping new species. Male pedipalp. A, ectal; B, ventral; C, dorsomesal (arrows point out to apical ends of pimoid embolic process). Scale bar, 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 5. Putaoa huaping new species. Male pedipalp. A in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 5. Putaoa huaping new species. Male pedipalp. A, ectoventral (right point arrows indicate distal end of pimoid embolic process; left pointing arrow indicates pimoid cymbial sclerite); B, ectal; C, dorsoectal (left arrow points cymbial process; right arrow points pimoid cymbial sclerite); D, caudoventral; E, tibial macrosetae (note pore on macroseta at the center of image); F, paracymbium, pimoid cymbial sclerite and tibial macrosetae (arrow points to row of enlarged cymbial macrosetae).

FIGURE 6. Putaoa huaping new species. Male pedipalp. A in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 6. Putaoa huaping new species. Male pedipalp. A, mesoapical (right pointing arrows indicate pimoid embolic process); B, apical; C, apicoventral (arrow points out to conductor); D, conductor and part of pimoid embolic process; E, dorsal; F, mesal (arrows indicate embolic process).

FIGURE 2 in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 2. Putaoa huaping new species. Male (A) and female (B-E) from Huaping National Nature Reserve. A, lateral; B, dorsal; C, ventral; D, epigynum, ventral; E, caudal.

FIGURE 10 in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 10. Tracheal system of Putaoa huaping new species (female) after dissection and digestion with potassium hydroxide. A, general view; B, detail.

FIGURE 4. Putaoa huaping new species. Epigynum. A in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 4. Putaoa huaping new species. Epigynum. A, ventral; B, dorsal (cleared); C, ventral (cleared). Scale bar, 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 1. Minicaraboacarus quadridiscalis n. gen., n in A new genus and species of mites of the family Caraboacaridae (Acari: Heterostigmata) associated with carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Iran

FIGURE 1. Minicaraboacarus quadridiscalis n. gen., n. sp. female: 1, dorsum of the body. scale bar 50μ.

FIGURES 3–6. Minicaraboacarus quadridiscalis n. gen., n in A new genus and species of mites of the family Caraboacaridae (Acari: Heterostigmata) associated with carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Iran

FIGURES 3–6. Minicaraboacarus quadridiscalis n. gen., n. sp. female: 3–6, legs I–IV, respectively. scale bar 20μ.

FIGURES 7–10. Caraboacarus stammeri Krczal, 1959 in A new genus and species of mites of the family Caraboacaridae (Acari: Heterostigmata) associated with carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Iran

FIGURES 7–10. Caraboacarus stammeri Krczal, 1959. female: 7–10, legs I–IV, respectively. scale bar 20μ.

FIGURE 2. Minicaraboacarus quadridiscalis n. gen., n in A new genus and species of mites of the family Caraboacaridae (Acari: Heterostigmata) associated with carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Iran

FIGURE 2. Minicaraboacarus quadridiscalis n. gen., n. sp. female: 2, venter of the body. scale bar 50μ.

FIGURE 5 in New familial assignments for three species of Neotropical harvestmen based on cladistic analysis (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores)

FIGURE 5. Hypothesis of relationship among genera of Agoristenidae. Strict consensus tree (L: 118; Ci: 0.44; Ri: 0.69) of 34 equally parsimonious trees (L: 115; Ci: 0.45; Ri: 0.71). Black circles are unique synapomorphies and white circles, homoplastic synapomorphies. Numbers above circles are the character number, and below circles are the character state. Number near the nodes in large font size, bold and underlined is the value of Bremer support.

FIGURE 3. Ramonus conifrons Roewer 1956 in New familial assignments for three species of Neotropical harvestmen based on cladistic analysis (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores)

FIGURE 3. Ramonus conifrons Roewer 1956. Male (holotype): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, idem ventral view; C, right lateral view; F, right pedipalp, ectal view; G, idem, distal femur–tarsus, dorso-mesal view; H, right trochanter–femur I, retrolateral view. Female (paratype): D, habitus, dorsal view; E, dorsal scutum, right lateral view. D,E are more schematic illustration, presenting only main structures. A–E at same scale; F–H at same scale. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 4 in New familial assignments for three species of Neotropical harvestmen based on cladistic analysis (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores)

FIGURE 4. Distal part of penis: A–C: Globibunus rubrofemoratus Roewer, 1912, A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, right lateral view. D–E: Rivetinus minutus Roewer, 1919, D, dorsal view; E, right lateral view. F–G: Ramonus conifrons Roewer, 1956, F, dorsal view; G, right lateral view. A–C, at same scale; D and E at same scale; F and G at same scale. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 1. Globibunus rubrofemoratus Roewer 1912 in New familial assignments for three species of Neotropical harvestmen based on cladistic analysis (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores)

FIGURE 1. Globibunus rubrofemoratus Roewer 1912. Male (holotype): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, idem, ventral view; C, idem, right lateral view; D, left pedipalp, ectal view; E, idem, patella–tarsus, dorso mesal view; F, right leg I, dorsal view; G, idem, right trochanter–patella IV; H, idem, right tibia–tarsus IV. A–C at same scale; D and E at same scale; F–H at same scale. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 2. Rivetinus minutus Roewer 1919 in New familial assignments for three species of Neotropical harvestmen based on cladistic analysis (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores)

FIGURE 2. Rivetinus minutus Roewer 1919. Male (paratype): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, idem ventral view; C, idem, left lateral view; D, left cheliceral segments II–III, frontal view; E, right pedipalp, ectal view; F, right femur IV, ventral view; G, right pedipalp, distal femur–tarsus, dorso-mesal view; H, right leg IV, prolateral view. A–C at same scale; E and G at same scale. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 8–12 in New species of the family Julidae Leach 1814 from Altai, Russia (Diplopoda, Julida)

FIGURES 8–12. Julus azarovae sp. n., male. 8, 9, leg pair 2 and penes (8, front view,9, lateral view, telopodite omitted); 10–12, gonopods (10, caudal view, 11, lateral view, 12, mesal view). p, penes. ao2, second anterior coxal outgrowth of leg pair 2. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 24–29 in New species of the family Julidae Leach 1814 from Altai, Russia (Diplopoda, Julida)

FIGURES 24–29. Sibiriulus rectangulus sp.n., male. 24, leg pair 1 (front view); 25, leg pair 2 and penes; 26, gonopods (mesal view); 27, gonopod promere (caudal view); 28–29, gonopod mesomere (28, front view, 29, front view, slightly turned laterally). Scales in mm.

FIGURES 16–23 in New species of the family Julidae Leach 1814 from Altai, Russia (Diplopoda, Julida)

FIGURES 16–23. Julus insolitus sp.n., male. 16–18, leg pair 1 (16, front view, 17, caudal view, 18, lateral view, apex of right coxa broken); 19, leg pair 2 and penes (lateral view, telopodite omitted); 20, penes; 21–23, gonopods (21, caudal view, 22, mesal view, 23, front view); p, penes. Scale in mm.