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1,606 results for “Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease”
The Effects of Tiotropium on the Cough Reflex in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00870896. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 9.
Efficacy of Aclidinium Bromide Administered in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00868231. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effects of ROFLUMILAST on Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01630200. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms related to vitamin D metabolism in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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The gut microbiota in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease varies by CT-verified emphysema status
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Data from: Association of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with risk of lung cancer in individuals aged 40 years and older: A cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2013-2018
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Exploring the inclusion of dental providers on interprofessional healthcare teams treating patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a rapid review
<p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death in the world. Emerging concepts like One Health, integrated models for COPD, and associations between oral and respiratory health are innovative ways to approach COPD treatment. This study explored contemporary evidence on the inclusion of dental providers on interprofessional healthcare teams treating patients with COPD. The first objective was to explore the current state of interprofessional care for COPD treatment, and the second objective was to explore dentistry used in interprofessional care scenarios. A rapid review was conducted from March–June 2020 using Scopus and PubMed. Upon assessing for duplication and relevance, 85 articles remained for Objective 1, and 194 for Objective 2. The literature strongly suggests that dental providers should be included on interprofessional healthcare teams to best approach COPD as a multi-morbid, chronic disease. The papers collected for review claim that educational and clinical hospital programs should implement interprofessional collaboration when treating chronic diseases. Healthcare teams can utilize the expertise of professionals outside the medical field to better understand their patients' needs. Healthcare administration should consult a One Health framework when developing COPD treatment guidelines. These proposed recommendations are feasible and transferable to the Canadian healthcare system; however, it is anticipated that implementation will be gradual. The collaborative nature of a One Health approach exposes novel ways to develop treatment guidelines that effectively address the burden of COPD.</p>
Data from: Using big data to assess prescribing patterns in Greece: the case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the top leading causes of death and disability, and its management is focused on reducing risk factors, relieving symptoms, and preventing exacerbations. The study aim was to describe COPD prescribing patterns in Greece by using existing health administrative data for outpatients. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study based on prescriptions collected by the largest social insurance fund, during the first and last trimester of 2012. Selection criteria were the prescription of specific active substances and a COPD diagnosis. Extracted information included active substance, strength, pharmaceutical form and number of packages prescribed, diagnosis, time of dispensing, as well as insurees' age, gender, percentage of co-payment and social security unique number. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results: 174,357 patients received medicines for COPD during the study period. Patients were almost equally distributed between male and female, and age above 55 years was strongly correlated with COPD. Most patients received a long-acting beta agonist plus inhaled corticosteroid combination (LABA +ICS), followed by long-acting muscarinic agonist (LAMA). 63% patients belonging in the 35-54 age received LABA+ICS. LAMA was prescribed more frequently among males and was strongly correlated with COPD. Conclusion: The study provides big data analysis of Greek COPD prescribing patterns. It highlights the need for appropriate COPD classification in primary care illustrating the role of electronic prescribing in ensuring appropriate prescribing. Moreover, it indicates possible gender differences in treatment response or disease severity, and the impact of statutory co-payments on prescribing.
Effectiveness of steroid therapy on pneumonic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation: a multi-centred retrospective cohort study
<p><span>Background</span></p> <p><span>To date, no consensus exists on the effects of steroid use on pneumonic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) owing to trial design issues in previous trials involving these conditions. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate steroid effectiveness in pneumonic COPD exacerbation patients.</span></p> <p><span>Methods</span></p> <p><span>This multi-centred, retrospective, observational study was conducted across five acute general hospitals in Japan. We analysed the association between parenteral/oral steroid therapy and time to clinical stability in pneumonic COPD exacerbation. </span></p> <p><span>We used a validated algorithm derived from the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) to include pneumonic COPD exacerbation patients. We excluded patients with other hypoxia causes (asthma exacerbation, pneumothorax, heart failure) and complicated pneumonia (obstructive pneumonia, empyema), those who required tracheal intubation/vasopressors, and those who were clinically stable on the admission day. </span></p> <p><span>The primary outcome was time to clinical stability. Multiple imputation was used for missing data. Propensity scores within each imputed dataset were calculated using potential confounding factors. The Fine and Gray model was used within each dataset to account for the competing risk of death and hospital discharge without clinical stability, and we combined the results.</span></p> <p><span>Results</span></p> <p><span>Altogether, 1237 patients were included. The pooled estimated subdistribution hazard ratio of time to clinical stability in steroid versus non-steroid users was 0.89 (95% confidence interval, 0.78<a name="_Hlk33128668"> to</a> 1.03). However, there were potentially unmeasured confounders, and we could not assess longer-term outcomes.</span></p> <p><span>Conclusions</span></p> <p><span>The current study recommends that steroid therapy should not be used routinely for pneumonic COPD exacerbation.</span></p>
Data from: Sputum microbiota and inflammation at stable state and during exacerbations in a cohort of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients
Background: Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are debilitating events and spur disease progression. Infectious causes are frequent; however, it is unknown to what extent exacerbations are caused by larger shifts in the airways' microbiota. The aim of the current study was to analyse the changes in microbial composition between stable state and during exacerbations, and the corresponding immune response. Methods: The study sample included 36 COPD patients examined at stable state and exacerbation from the Bergen COPD Cohort and Exacerbations studies, and one patient who delivered sputum on 13 different occasions during the three-year study period. A physician examined the patients at all time points, and sputum induction was performed by stringent protocol. Only induced sputum samples were used in the current study, not spontaneously expectorated sputum. Sputum inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, IP-10, MIG, TNF-α) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs, i.e. LL-37/hCAP-18, SLPI) were measured in supernatants, whereas target gene sequencing (16S rRNA) was performed on corresponding cell pellets. The microbiome bioinformatics platform QIIME2TM and the statistics environment R were applied for bioinformatics analyses. Results: Levels of IP-10, MIG, TNF-α and AMPs were significantly different between the two disease states. Of 36 sample pairs, 24 had significant differences in the 12 most abundant genera between disease states. The diversity was significantly different in several individuals, but not when data was analysed on a group level. The one patient case study showed longitudinal dynamics in microbiota unrelated to disease state. Conclusion: Changes in the sputum microbiota with ch anging COPD disease states are common, and are accompanied by changes in inflammatory markers. However, the changes are highly individual and heterogeneous events.
Short-term responses to high-dose inhaled corticosteroid treatment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease having a fractional nitric oxide concentration over 35 parts per billion: a single-center pre-post study
<p>Background: There is currently no strategy to identify chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients whose pulmonary function could benefit from inhaled corticosteroids. This study investigates whether a 28-day regime of inhaled corticosteroids improves pulmonary function test results among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients having a fractional exhaled nitric oxide concentration > 35 parts per billion.<br> Methods: This was a single-center one-arm pre–post trial. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with a fractional exhaled nitric oxide concentration > 35 parts per billion treated at our institution from September 2018 to August 2019 were included. Each patient was administered budesonide (200 μg, 8 puffs daily) for 28 days. The primary outcome measure was the difference between the values of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) at baseline and 28 days after inhaled corticosteroid initiation. Secondary outcomes included differences of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test scores, %FEV1, and that between the percent forced vital capacity at baseline and 28 days after inhaled corticosteroid initiation.<br> Results: Twenty patients were included; all patients completed the 28-day inhaled corticosteroid regime. The mean difference in FEV1 between day 1 and 28 days after inhaled corticosteroid initiation was 340 mL (95% confidence interval: −100 to 770 mL; p = 0.122). The mean differences in secondary outcomes were: % forced vital capacity , −0.16% (95% confidence interval: −2.84 to 2.53%; p = 0.905); %FEV1, 1.63% (95% confidence interval: −4.56 to 7.81%; p = 0.589); Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test score, −2.50 (95% confidence interval: −5.72 to 0.72; p = 0.121).<br> Conclusion: The 28-day course of inhaled corticosteroids showed no significant difference in FEV1 for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients having fractional exhaled nitric oxide concentration > 35 parts per billion.<br> </p>
The lower airways microbiome and antimicrobial peptides in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis differ from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
<p><strong>Background</strong>: The lower airways microbiome and host immune response in chronic pulmonary diseases are incompletely understood. We aimed to investigate possible microbiome characteristics and key antimicrobial peptides and proteins in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: 12 IPF patients, 12 COPD patients and 12 healthy controls were sampled with oral wash (OW), protected bronchoalveolar lavage (PBAL) and right lung protected sterile brushings (rPSB). The antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs), secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) and human beta defensins 1 and 2 (hBD-1 & hBD-2), were measured in PBAL by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p> <p>The V3V4 region of the bacterial 16S rDNA gene was sequenced. Bioinformatic analyses were performed with QIIME 2.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: hBD-1 levels in PBAL for IPF were lower compared with COPD. The predominant phylae in IPF were <i>Firmicutes</i>, <i>Bacteroides</i> and <i>Actinobacteria</i>; <i>Proteobacteria</i> were among top three in COPD. Differential abundance analysis at genus level showed significant differences between study groups for less abundant, mostly oropharyngeal, microbes. Alpha diversity was lower in IPF in PBAL compared to COPD (p=0.03) and controls (p=0.01), as well as in rPSB compared to COPD (p=0.02) and controls (p=0.04). Phylogenetic beta diversity showed significantly more similarity for IPF compared with COPD and controls. There were no significant correlations between alpha diversity and AMPs.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: IPF differed in microbial diversity from COPD and controls, accompanied by differences in antimicrobial peptides. Beta diversity similarity between OW and PBAL in IPF may indicate that microaspiration contributes to changes in its microbiome<b>.</b></p>
A longitudinal study of the pulmonary mycobiome in subjects with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Background <p>Few studies have examined the stability of the pulmonary mycobiome. We report longitudinal changes in the oral and pulmonary mycobiome of participants with and without COPD in a large-scale bronchoscopy study (MicroCOPD).</p> <div class="section toc-section"> Methods <p>Repeated sampling was performed in 30 participants with and 21 without COPD. We collected an oral wash (OW) and a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) sample from each participant at two time points. The internal transcribed spacer 1 region of the ribosomal RNA gene cluster was PCR amplified and sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq sequencer. Differences in taxonomy, alpha diversity, and beta diversity between the two time points were compared, and we examined the effect of intercurrent antibiotic use.</p> </div> <div class="section toc-section"> Results <p>Sample pairs were dominated by <em>Candida</em>. We observed less stability in the pulmonary taxonomy compared to the oral taxonomy, additionally emphasised by a higher Yue-Clayton measure in BAL compared to OW (0.69 vs 0.22). No apparent effect was visually seen on taxonomy from intercurrent antibiotic use or participant category. We found no systematic variation in alpha diversity by time either in BAL (p-value 0.16) or in OW (p-value 0.97), and no obvious clusters on bronchoscopy number in PCoA plots. Pairwise distance analyses showed that OW samples from repeated sampling appeared more stable compared to BAL samples using the Bray-Curtis distance metric (p-value 0.0012), but not for Jaccard.</p> </div> <div class="section toc-section"> Conclusion <p>Results from the current study propose that the pulmonary mycobiome is less stable than the oral mycobiome, and neither COPD diagnosis nor intercurrent antibiotic use seemed to influence the stability.</p> </div>
Effect of emodin on lung inflammation and intestinal microbes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
<p><strong>Effect of emodin on lung inflammation and intestinal microbes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease</strong></p>
Non-interventional Cross-over Study to Reduce Items of PROactive Tools Measuring Physical Activity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01388218. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 4. Publications: 2.
Can Advair and Flovent Reduce Systemic Inflammation Related to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)? A Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00120978. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
The Effect of Cycling Off Criteria During Pressure Support Ventilation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00141440. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Clinical Study to Assess the Mode of Action of QBW251 in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04268823. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 4. Publications: 0.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in People With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(COPD)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01072292. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
The Effect of Statins in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01151306. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.