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382 results for “Climate impacts”
Data for study " Future Climate Change Impacts on Rice in Uttar Pradesh, India's Most Populous Agrarian State "
<p>Crop management practicrs used to calibrate the DSSAT for Uttar Pradesh. The rice genetic coefficients for various rice varieties/ cultivars are also available here.</p>
Climate change impacts on seabirds and marine mammals: the importance of study duration, thermal tolerance and generation time
Understanding climate change impacts on top predators is fundamental to marine biodiversity conservation, due to their increasingly threatened populations and their importance in marine ecosystems. We conducted a systematic review of the effects of climate change (prolonged, directional change) and climate variability on seabirds and marine mammals. We extracted data from 484 studies (4808 published studies were reviewed), comprising 2215 observations on demography, phenology, distribution, diet, behaviour, body condition and physiology. The likelihood of concluding that climate change had an impact increased with study duration. However, the temporal thresholds for the effects of climate change to be discernible varied from 10 to 29 years depending on the species, the biological response and the oceanic study region. Species with narrow thermal ranges and relatively long generation times were more often reported to be affected by climate change. This provides an important framework for future assessments, with guidance on response- and region-specific temporal dimensions that need to be considered when reporting effects of climate change. Lastly, we found that tropical regions and non-breeding life stages were poorly covered in the literature, a concern that should be addressed to enable a better understanding of the vulnerability of marine predators to climate change.
Regionalized dynamic climate series for ecological climate impact research in modern controlled environment facilities
<p>Modern controlled environment facilities (CEFs) enable the simulation of dynamic microclimates in controlled ecological experiments through their technical ability to precisely control multiple environmental parameters. However, few CEF studies exploit the technical possibilities of their facilities, as climate change treatments are frequently applied by static manipulation of an inadequate number of climate change drivers, ignoring intra-annual variability and co-variation of multiple meteorological variables. We present so called Test Reference Years (TRY) that consist of typical annual cycles of temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, global radiation, photosynthetically active photon flux density, tropospheric ozone concentration and CO<sub>2</sub>. The TRYs represent possible annual cycles of a reference period (1987-2016) and the two contrasting climate scenarios RCP2.6 and RCP8.5.</p>
Impact of landscape fragmentation and climate change on body size variation of bumblebees during the last century
<p>Body size is a key parameter of organism fitness. While the impact of climate change on body size has received increasing attention, the long-term consequences of landscape fragmentation are still poorly known. These two major global threats may potentially induce opposite trends: the decrease of body size in warmer environments (e.g. individuals developing faster) or the selection of larger individuals in fragmented habitats (e.g. large individuals more capable of reaching distant patches). We assessed the relationship between temperature and landscape fragmentation with mean body size during the last century, within four European regions (Austria, Belgium, England and above the Arctic circle in Scandinavia) and among queens of five bumblebee species. At the regional scale, we first analysed the variation over time of body size and the two hypothesised drivers, temperature and landscape fragmentation. Then, at the local landscape scale, we tested whether body size varied according to these drivers irrespective of the region. At the regional level, we observed a statistically clear increase of queen body size corresponding to an increase of landscape fragmentation (i.e. in Belgium and England). There was no increase of size when fragmentation did not increase (i.e. in Austria and above the Arctic Circle). Temperature also increased through time in all regions. At the local landscape scale, we found that all species were impacted by changes in both climate and landscape fragmentation but show different trends. The body size of the two largest species significantly increased at landscape level with higher fragmentation while body size of the two smallest species decreased with higher fragmentation. We highlight that, in a context of global changes, landscape fragmentation can also be a major driver of body size clines. Depending on the dispersal abilities of species, larger species could be positively selected for and overcome landscape fragmentation.</p>
Pastures and climate extremes: Impacts of cool season warming and drought on the productivity of key pasture species in a field experiment
<p>Shifts in the timing, intensity and/or frequency of climate extremes, such as severe drought and heatwaves, can generate sustained shifts in ecosystem function with important ecological and economic impacts for rangelands and managed pastures. The Pastures and Climate Extremes experiment (PACE) in Southeast Australia was designed to investigate the impacts of a severe winter/spring drought (60% rainfall reduction) and, for a subset of species, a factorial combination of drought and elevated temperature (ambient +3 °C) on pasture productivity. The experiment included nine common pasture and Australian rangeland species from three plant functional groups (C<sub>3</sub> grasses, C<sub>4</sub> grasses and legumes) planted in monoculture. Winter/spring drought resulted in productivity declines of 45% on average and up to 74% for the most affected species (<i>Digitaria eriantha</i>) during the 6-month treatment period, with eight of the nine species exhibiting significant yield reductions. Despite considerable variation in species' sensitivity to drought, C<sub>4</sub> grasses were more strongly affected by this treatment than C<sub>3</sub> grasses or legumes. Warming also had negative effects on cool-season productivity, associated at least partially with exceedance of optimum growth temperatures in spring and indirect effects on soil water content. The combination of winter/spring drought and year-round warming resulted in the greatest yield reductions. We identified responses that were either additive such that there was only as significant warming effect under drought (<i>Festuca</i>), or less-than-additive, where there was no drought effect under warming (<i>Medicago</i>), compared to ambient plots. Results from this study highlight the sensitivity of diverse pasture species to increases in winter and spring drought severity similar to those predicted for this region, and that anticipated benefits of cool-season warming are unlikely to be realised. Overall, the substantial negative impacts on productivity suggest that future, warmer, drier climates will result in shortfalls in cool-season forage availability, with profound implications for the livestock industry and natural grazer communities.</p>
Model code, data, and plot scripts for the paper "Impacts of Ice-Particle Size Distribution Shape Parameter on Climate Simulations with the Community Atmosphere Model Version 6 (CAM6)".
<p>The model codes, data, and plot scripts used in the paper, "Impacts of Ice-Particle Size Distribution Shape Parameter on Climate Simulations with the Community Atmosphere Model Version 6 (CAM6)".</p> <ul> <li>7_experiments.zip contains modified model code and output data of each experiment in this study.</li> <li>off-line test.zip contains off-line test code and output data.</li> <li>plot_scripts.zip are the NCL scripts used for figures in the paper.</li> </ul>
Data for: Abundance and accessibility of forage for reindeer in forests of Northern Sweden: impacts of landscape and winter climate regime
<p>The survival of reindeer during winter, their period of greatest food stress, is largely dependent upon the abundance and accessibility of food in their pastures. In Northern Sweden this realised availability of forage is notably affected by snow conditions and the impacts of forestry on understorey in these pastures. Whilst these factors have been examined to some extent in isolation, their combined effect on overall forage availability has, to the best of our knowledge to date, not been studied.</p> <p>In this study, vegetation surveys and analysis of snow conditions were undertaken in 16 forest stands at various stages of recovery from clear-cutting. The variation in abundance and growth of understorey species edible by reindeer, such as lichen, were noted as forest age increased. The barrier effect of ice lenses in snow during winter was also noted. Lichen biomass was significantly affected by a combination of stand age, understorey vegetation height, and lichen height. Soil disturbance from the processes of felling, and competition in the vegetation communities recovering from this disturbance were identified as key drivers of change in lichen biomass. Overall, clear-cut forests had some of the greatest prevalence of ice lenses in the snow column, and forage availability at these sites was up to 61 % less than in stands over 58 years in age.</p>
Model code, data, and plot scripts for the paper "Impacts of Ice-Particle Size Distribution Shape Parameter on Climate Simulations with the Community Atmosphere Model Version 6 (CAM6)".
<p>The model codes, data, and plot scripts used in the paper, "Impacts of Ice-Particle Size Distribution Shape Parameter on Climate Simulations with the Community Atmosphere Model Version 6 (CAM6)".</p> <ul> <li>Figs&Table are the NCL scripts used for figures and table in the paper.</li> <li>Model_Results contains output data of each experiment in this study.</li> <li>Mods_Scripts contains modified model code.</li> <li>Offline_Code contains off-line test code.</li> </ul>
Insolation and CO2 impacts on the spatial differences of the MIS-9 and MIS-11 climate between monsoonal China and central Asia
<p>The model outputs we use are those performed in Yin & Berger (2012) where the climate of the last nine interglacials were simulated with the LOVECLIM model. The model outputs for MIS-11 and MIS-9 are used here to study the climate conditions in mid and eastern Asia.</p>
Model simulations for " Potential impacts of LUCC and climate change on evapotranspiration and gross primary productivity in the Haihe River Basin, China"
<p>Experiment_1.rar, Experiment_2.rar, and Experiment_3.rar are the model simulations from experiment 1, experiment 2, and experiment 3, respectively. All the simulations are original from the CLM5 model in netcdf format.</p> <p>More details on these data can be found in the paper "Potential impacts of LUCC and climate change on evapotranspiration and gross primary productivity in the Haihe River Basin, China". </p>
Model data - Impact of Ural blocking on early-winter climate variability under different Barents-Kara sea ice conditions
<p>Model data for JGR paper : Impact of Ural blocking on early-winter climate variability under different Barents-Kara sea ice conditions</p>
Model code, data, and plot scripts for the paper "Impacts of Ice-Particle Size Distribution Shape Parameter on Climate Simulations with the Community Atmosphere Model Version 6 (CAM6)".
<p>The code, scripts, and data used in the paper "Impacts of Ice-Particle Size Distribution Shape Parameter on Climate Simulations with the Community Atmosphere Model Version 6 (CAM6)".</p> <ul> <li>All Figures&Table and their corresponding NCL scripts are under the directory of Figs&Table. </li> <li>The modified model code, corresponding original model code, and model run scripts are under the directory of Mods_Scripts.</li> <li>The postprocessing NCL scripts, which select useful variables from simulation results, are under the directory of PostProcessing.</li> <li>The zonal mean data from model results used for making figures and corresponding data processing scripts are under the directory of Model_Results.</li> <li>The FORTRAN code used for offline tests is under the directory of Offline_Code.</li> <li>The code, data, and NCL scripts used for the figures and table in the Appendix are under the directory of Appendix.</li> </ul>
Hydrothermal conditions modulate the impact of climate extremes on vegetation growth in the Northern Hemisphere
<p><strong><span>Aim</span></strong></p> <p>Climate extremes are becoming more frequent under global warming, with substantial repercussions for vegetation growth. The degree to which climate extremes increase the risk of high-impact events on vegetation growth is of high concern.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong></p> <p>Northern Hemisphere (north of 30° N)<span>.</span></p> <p><strong>Time Period</strong></p> <p><span>F</span>rom 2001 to 2022<span>.</span></p> <p><strong>Major Taxa Studied</strong></p> <p><span>P</span><span>l</span><span>ants</span><span>.</span></p> <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p><span>W</span>e utilized solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) as proxies for vegetation growth and performed event coincidence and sensitivity analyses to attribute satellite-derived vegetation growth extremes to diverse climate extremes (extreme heat, cold, wet, and drought) in the Northern Hemisphere.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong></p> <p>Our results showed that extreme heat and cold were the main climatic extremes that induced positive and negative vegetation growth extremes north of 30° N, respectively, mainly in cold and humid ecosystems (boreal and temperate forests). Water-related extreme events accounted for less than one-third of vegetation extremes. The contribution of drought to positive vegetation growth extreme events (approximately 17%), mainly in cold and humid ecosystems, was even slightly higher than that of extreme wet (approximately 12%), which predominantly impacted relatively warm and arid ecosystems (croplands and temperate grasslands). We further identified potential climatic thresholds that could induce a reversal of vegetation growth responses to climate extremes and showed that the past <span>two</span> decades of warming and precipitation changes did not induce a shift in the main climatic drivers of vegetation extremes across northern ecosystems.</p> <p><strong>Main Conclusions</strong></p> <p>Our results emphasize the crucial role of background hydrothermal conditions in the attribution of vegetation growth extremes to diverse climate extremes across northern ecosystems and have substantial implications for predicting how Northern Hemisphere vegetation will respond to increasing climate extremes in the future.</p>
Data for "Impacts of an active Pacific Meridional Overturning Circulation on the Pliocene climate and hydrological cycle"
<p>Post-Processing Scripts and Data for the Paper<br>Title: Impacts of an Active Pacific Meridional Overturning Circulation on the Pliocene Climate and Hydrological Cycle<br>Authors: Minmin Fu, Alexey Fedorov<br>Publication Year: 2024<br>Contact: minmin.fu@yale.edu</p> <p>Overview<br>This repository contains the post-processing scripts and data used in the paper. It includes Jupyter notebooks for data analysis and plot generation, as well as the GCM output and utilities for adding land-sea masks and proxy sites.</p> <p>Repository Structure<br>notebooks/: Jupyter notebooks for analyzing data and creating plots.<br>data/: GCM output files for reproducing all figures in the paper.<br>utilities/: Functions for adding the land-sea mask and proxy sites.<br>PlioMIP2/: PlioMIP2 boundary conditions.</p> <p>Data<br>The data directory contains the GCM output files necessary for reproducing all figures. Ensure you have the necessary storage space as these files may be large.</p> <p>Utilities<br>The utilities directory contains utility functions, including:</p> <p>Land-Sea Mask Functions: Scripts to apply land-sea masks to the data.<br>Proxy Site Functions: Scripts to integrate proxy site data into the analysis.<br>The PlioMIP2 directory contains the boundary condition files used for the PlioMIP2 experiments.</p>
Adoption of Climate-Smart Agricultural Practices and Its Impact on Crop Productivity: A Case Study of Smallholder Farmers in Nyimba District, Zambia
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data supporting 'Assessing the Spurious Impacts of Ice-Constraining Methods on the Climate Response to Sea-Ice Loss using an Idealized Aquaplanet GCM' by Neil T Lewis et al.
<p>Data supporting Lewis et al., 2024. Assessing the Spurious Impacts of Ice-Constraining Methods on the Climate Response to Sea-Ice Loss using an Idealised Aquaplanet GCM. Submitted to Journal of Climate. </p> <p>All data is in NetCDF format. </p> <p>Output from each experiment is contained in its own folder (e.g., 'ALB.1'). For a description of each experiment, see the accompanying paper. </p> <p>Data files contain the following outputs: </p> <p>dyn_vars_daily_clim.nc contains day of year- and zonally-averaged atmospheric fields (u, v, T, etc). </p> <p>eddy_products.nc constains day of year- and zonally-averaged products of atmospheric fields (e.g., u'v'). </p> <p>ice_temp_daily.nc contains daily-averaged surface temperature and sea-ice thickness. </p> <p>toa_fluxes_clim.nc contains day of year-averaged top of atmosphere radiative fluxes (e.g., OLR). </p> <p>For the experiments NDG1.05, NDG1.1, and NDG1.2, nudge_daily_clim.nc is also included, and contains the day of year-averaged nudging heat flux applied to melt the ice. </p>
Supplementary Datasets for 'Reducing climate change impacts from the global food system through diet shifts'
<p>Supplementary Datasets for <em>Reducing climate change impacts from the global food system through diet shifts.</em></p>
Effects of European emissions trading on the transformation of primary steelmaking: Assessment of economic and climate impacts in a case study from Germany
<p>Supplementary Information 1: This supporting information provides information on the modeling of material and energy flows for conventional and low-carbon steelmaking in an integrated steel mill. To this end, the production activities (unit processes) are provided. Also, information on the assessment of economic and climate impacts is included.</p> <p>Supplementary Information 2: This supporting information provides information on the main mechanisms of the European emissions trading system. Thereby, a focus is laid on regulations for the free allocation of EU allowances toward companies from the sectors with a high risk of carbon leakage. Additionally, the assessment and optimization models for designing favorable transformation pathways of integrated steel mills are provided. Also, the main assumptions and complementary results are provided.</p>
Raw Data for Publication "Earth observations reveal impacts of climate variability on maize cropping systems in Sub-Saharan Africa"
<p>Phenological metrics extracted for all agricultural fields used in the study. Data also includes the coordinates of the fields.</p>
Crime Climate Impact Distributions
<p>Percentiles of crime impacts due to climate change, organized by level of aggregation, climate scenario, and time period.</p> <p>Crime impacts are estimated by applying future climate data to dose-response functions of property and violent crime rates, aggregated by population levels.</p> <p>The uncertainty represented by these percentiles comes from a combination of statistical uncertainty in the dose-response functions, climate uncertainty across GCMs, and within-month weather realization, as sampled by Monte Carlo runs.</p> <p>The archive contains four folders: county_20a with county-level impacts, state_20yr with state-aggregated impacts, nca_20yr with NCA-region aggregated impacts, and national_20y with nationally aggregated impacts. Aggregation is weighted by crimes within each region.</p> <p>The files are labeled as follow:</p> <p>crime-<TYPE>-<RCP>-<YEAR><SUFFIX>.</p> <p>The TYPE can be property or violent crime. The RCP may be RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0, or RCP 8.5; the years are "2020", for average impacts during 2020 - 2039, "2040" for impacts 2040 - 2059, and "2080" for impacts 2080 - 2099. Files with the suffix 'b.csv' contain percent changes; those with the suffix '-absolute.csv' contain level changes in MT.</p> <p>The columns of these files specify the region (using the FIPS code for counties), and the quantiles from 1% ("q0.01") to 99% ("q0.99").</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.