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FIGURE 5 in A new remarkable and Critically Endangered species of Astyanax Baird & Girard (Characiformes: Characidae) from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, with a discussion on durophagy in the Characiformes

FIGURE 5. Upper and lower jaws of Astyanax brucutu (MZUSP 109106, paratype) in left lateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm. aa— anguloarticular; de—dentary; mx—maxilla; pmx—premaxilla; ra—retroarticular. Arrow indicates the premaxillary-maxillary ligament.

FIGURE 2 in A new remarkable and Critically Endangered species of Astyanax Baird & Girard (Characiformes: Characidae) from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, with a discussion on durophagy in the Characiformes

FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) images of the premaxillae (A, left; B, right) and lower jaws (C, left; D, right, slightly tilted) in medial views of Astyanax brucutu ZUEC 11980, 45.0 mm SL (paratype). Scale bars as indicated in the figures.

FIGURE 4 in A new remarkable and Critically Endangered species of Astyanax Baird & Girard (Characiformes: Characidae) from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, with a discussion on durophagy in the Characiformes

FIGURE 4. Anterior portion of the mesethmoid and right premaxilla (pmx) of a cleared and stained specimen of Astyanax brucutu (UFBA 8095, 60.3 mm SL, paratype) in left lateral view. Arrows indicate anteroventral process of the mesethmoid.

FIGURE 1 in A new remarkable and Critically Endangered species of Astyanax Baird & Girard (Characiformes: Characidae) from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, with a discussion on durophagy in the Characiformes

FIGURE 1. Astyanax brucutu: (a) holotype, ZUEC 12765, 58.4 mm, Brazil, Bahia, Iraquara, rio Pratinha, tributary of rio Santo Antônio, rio Paraguaçu basin; (b) paratype, ZUEC 11980, 40.6 mm SL; (c) paratype, UFBA 8095, not measured, collected with holotype and photographed alive.

FIGURE 10 in A new remarkable and Critically Endangered species of Astyanax Baird & Girard (Characiformes: Characidae) from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, with a discussion on durophagy in the Characiformes

FIGURE 10. Partial view of the pool and river margin at the "Gruta da Pratinha" cave entrance, rio Pratinha, Rio Paraguaçu basin, Bahia, Brazil, where most specimens of Astyanax brucutu were collected.

FIGURE 8 in A new remarkable and Critically Endangered species of Astyanax Baird & Girard (Characiformes: Characidae) from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, with a discussion on durophagy in the Characiformes

FIGURE 8. Detail of the anterior region of the ventral portion of the skull of a cleared and stained specimen of Astyanax brucutu (UFBA 8095, 60.3 mm SL, paratype), showing connections with the anterior tip of the left suspensorium and upper jaw (partially depicted); right suspensorium removed. ecp—ectopterygoid; msp—mesopterygoid; pal—palatine; pmx— premaxilla; ps—parasphenoid; vo—vomer. Notice the strong ligament between the anterior tips of the ectopterygoid/ mesopterygoid and the vomer.

FIGURE 4 in Ortalis remota: a forgotten and critically endangered species of chachalaca (Galliformes: Cracidae) from Eastern Brazil

FIGURE 4. Photographs of the four species in the wild to show the breast and tail pattern: a: O. g. guttata (WA48023 and WA4333); b: O. remota (WA2436278 and WA2377617); c: O. squamata (WA659770 and WA2311089); d: O. araucuan (WA1986594 and WA2248299).

FIGURE 3 in Ortalis remota: a forgotten and critically endangered species of chachalaca (Galliformes: Cracidae) from Eastern Brazil

FIGURE 3. Lateral view of representative specimens of Ortalis g. guttata (a, MZUSP 58097, Urucurituba, Pará); O. remota (b, MZUSP 11359, hototype); O. squamata (c, MZUSP not yet accessioned, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina); O. araucuan (d, MZUSP 93110, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia).

FIGURE 6 in Ortalis remota: a forgotten and critically endangered species of chachalaca (Galliformes: Cracidae) from Eastern Brazil

FIGURE 6. Satellite image showing the great habitat alteration on the upper Parana River system—the range of Ortalis remota—due to the construction of dams and deforestation. Red lines: major dams; lemon-yellow symbols: localities where O. remota was recorded (star = type-locality). The major rivers mentioned in the text are indicated by their names; the inset map is the same as Figure 1. Based on image by Google Earth (Feb. 2017).

FIGURE 1 in Ortalis remota: a forgotten and critically endangered species of chachalaca (Galliformes: Cracidae) from Eastern Brazil

FIGURE 1. Distribution of the Ortalis analyzed in this work. Darker symbols represent skins and lighter symbols represent photos analyzed (see appendix for full references). Squares: Ortalis g. guttata and O. g. subaffinis (C Bolivia); Circles: Ortalis araucuan; Triangles: Ortalis squamata; Stars: Ortalis remota. The red star represents the type-locality of O. remota.

FIGURE 2 in Ortalis remota: a forgotten and critically endangered species of chachalaca (Galliformes: Cracidae) from Eastern Brazil

FIGURE 2. Ventral view of representative specimens of Ortalis guttata (a, MZUSP 58097, Urucurituba, Pará); O. remota (b, MZUSP 11359, hototype); O. squamata (c, MZUSP not yet accessioned, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina); O. araucuan (d, MZUSP 93110, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia). Inset: detail of breast pattern in the same specimens.

opennotspecifiedJun 2022View details →

FIG. 1. Siphocampylus flavescens. A. Habit. B. Flowering branch. C. Adaxial leaf surface. D. Abaxial leaf surface. E in Siphocampylus flavescens (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae), a New Endangered Species from Southeastern Brazil

FIG. 1. Siphocampylus flavescens. A. Habit. B. Flowering branch. C. Adaxial leaf surface. D. Abaxial leaf surface. E. Detail of an immature fruit. F. Detail of a flower. Photographs by Guilherme Peres Coelho.

opennotspecifiedJun 2022View details →

FIG. 2. A in Siphocampylus flavescens (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae), a New Endangered Species from Southeastern Brazil

FIG. 2. A. Habitat of Siphocampylus flavescens in the border of a forest, on a roadside of Serra Negra, Olaria, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Photograph by Guilherme Peres Coelho. B. Distribution of Siphocampylus flavescens (red stars) in Southeastern Brazil. The overview map on the top left highlights the locality of Minas Gerais state in the Brazilian territory. Abbreviations for Brazilian states: ES = Espırito Santo; MG = Minas Gerais; RJ = Rio de Janeiro; SP = S~ ao Paulo.

Fig. 6 in Newly described and already endangered: a new mammal species endemic to Corsica

Fig. 6. Portraits and hind feet (dorsal view) of an adult female M. nustrale sp. nov. caught near Bavella, in southern Corsica (left) and an adult female M. crypticus from the Jura mountains in Switzerland (right). Notice that the latter individual has a faint line bordering the lower lip, while the former has a much more conspicuous chin spot. Wing insertion to the outer toe is, however, identical in both species. For the left individual, the wing was not stretched while it was stretched for the right individual.

Fig. 3 in Newly described and already endangered: a new mammal species endemic to Corsica

Fig. 3. PCA showing (A) the clear separation between M. crypticus (Mcry; green circles) and M. nustrale sp. nov. individuals (Mnus; blue squares), and (B), the differentiation between populations within M. nustrale sp. nov. Horizontal and vertical axis explain 23.9 and 8.5% of the variance, respectively, in (A) and 17.1 and 13.9% of the variance in (B).

Fig. 1 in Newly described and already endangered: a new mammal species endemic to Corsica

Fig. 1. Topographic map of Corsica (France) showing the current records of M. nustrale sp. nov. on this Mediterranean island (Courtois et al., 2011; Groupe Chiroptères Corse, 2019). The black dots represent capture sites, while the red stars indicate the presence of lactating females, including those living in the only known nursery roost of Ghisoni. A double circle indicates the location where the holotype of M. nustrale sp. nov. was found. Shades of grey represent areas above 100 m a.s.l.

Fig. 5 in Newly described and already endangered: a new mammal species endemic to Corsica

Fig. 5. External characters of Myotis nustrale sp. nov. Panels are close-ups of the female holotype (MNHN-ZM-2023-12), except the lower right one which is a picture from a released adult individual (Photo © Yann Le Bris). The upper left panel illustrates the stiff hairs running along the uropatagium, viewed from below. The upper right panel is the right foot with wing insertion to the base of the outer toe, in ventral view. The lower left panel illustrates the long and straight tragus and unnotched ear of the female holotype. On the portrait of the live individual, notice the black chin spot on the lower lip.

Fig. 2 in Newly described and already endangered: a new mammal species endemic to Corsica

Fig. 2. Bayesian topology based on five partitioned nuclear introns (SLC38A7, ABHD11, ACOX2, COPS7A and ROGDI). The outgroup (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) is not shown. Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP) <60 are not shown, neither are within species BPP values. The holotype of Myotis nustrale sp. nov. (sample number MNA008_CO_ALB) is indicated by a white arrow.

opencc-zeroDec 2023View details →

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A field-validated ensemble species distribution model of Eriogonum pelinophilum, an endangered subshrub in Colorado, USA

Understanding the suitable habitat of endangered species is crucial for agencies such as the Bureau of Land Management to plan management and conservation. However, few species distribution models are directly validated, potentially limiting their application. In preparation for a Species Status Assessment of clay‐loving wild buckwheat (Eriogonum pelinophilum), an endangered subshrub found in southwest Colorado, we ran a series of species distribution models to estimate the species' potential occupied habitat and validated these models in the field. A 1‐meter resolution digital elevation model derived from LiDAR and a high‐resolution geology mapping helped identify biologically relevant characteristics of the species' habitat. We employed a weighted ensemble model based on two Random Forest and one Boosted Regression Tree model, and the discrimination performance of the ensemble model was high (AUC-PR = 0.793). We then conducted a systematic field survey of model habitat suitability predictions, during which we discovered 55 new subpopulations of the species and demonstrated that new species observations were strongly associated with model predictions (p < .0001, Cliff's delta = 0.575). We then further refined our original models by incorporating the additional species occurrences collected in the field survey, a new explanatory variable, and a more diverse set of models. These iterative changes to the model marginally improved performance (AUC‐PR = 0.825). Direct validation of species distribution models is extremely rare, and our field survey provides strong validation of our model results. This helps increase confidence in utilizing predictions in planning. The final model predictions greatly improve the Bureau of Land Management's understanding of the species' habitat and increase our ability to consider potential habitat in planning land use activities such as road development and travel management.