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Fig. (4). Respondents' answers regarding physical activity.
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Physical Activity Levels on Functional Outcomes and Quality of Life in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation.
<p><span>Physical Activity Levels on Functional Outcomes and Quality of Life in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation.</span></p>
Rest-activity daily rhythm and physical activity levels after hip and knee joint replacement: the role of actigraphy in orthopedic clinical practice.
<p>Elective hip and knee joint replacement for osteoarthritis are cost-effective surgical procedures requiring specific rehabilitation programs. Actigraphy is widely used in both research and clinical practice to study activity patterns with great accuracy and validity but it has never been utilized in orthopedic patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to objectively assess, through actigraphy, physical activity (PA) levels and rest-activity daily rhythm (RAR) in patients undergoing hip or knee joint replacement and hospitalized for ten days after surgery. Twenty subjects (11 males and 9 females; age: 62.68 ± 10.39 years old; BMI: 29.03 ± 3.92 kg/m2) wore the Actiwatch 2 actigraph (Philips Respironics, Portland, OR) to record both PA levels and RAR for 11 consecutive days and data on subjective scores of pain, by a visual analog scale (VAS), and functional and clinical scores were collected. The following time-points were considered for the statistical analysis: pre-surgery (PRE), the first (POST1), the fourth (POST4) and the tenth (POST10) day after surgery. RAR were processed with the population mean cosinor to describe the rhythm's characteristics (acrophase, amplitude and MESOR) while data on actigraphy-based PA, VAS, and functional clinical scores were compared among PRE, POST1, POST4 and POST 10 with the RM-ANOVA or the non-parametric Friedman test. The day after surgery the subjects had a flattened RAR compared to the other conditions: lower values were detected in POST1 compared to both PRE, POST4 and POST10 for MESOR (<em>p</em> < .0001; η2p = .71, large) and amplitude (<em>p</em> < .0001; η2p = .63, large) while RAR's acrophase (<em>p</em> < .0001; η2p = .61, large) was delayed in PRE (16:45) compared to POST1 (12:42), POST4 (14:38), and POST10 (14:38). PA levels were significantly lower at POST 1 (76.7 ± 33.4) compared to PRE (192.3 ± 91.5; <em>p</em> < .0001 and ES: 1.68, large), POST4 (137.9 ± 45.9; <em>p</em> < .0001 and ES: 1.54, large), and POST10 (131.2 ± 54.3; <em>p</em> < .0001 and ES: 1.21, large) whereas VAS and functional clinical values significantly improved at POST10. Hip and knee joint replacement negatively influenced RAR and PA the first day after surgery but a progressive improvement in the circadian pattern of rest-activity cycle, PA levels, VAS and functional ability was recorded from POST4 to POST10. Actigraphy has the ability to collect real-life data without interfering with clinical practice and give clinicians a new measure of performance that is currently not available. This tool could allow to identify patients with disrupted circadian rhythm and reduced PA in the peri-operative period in orthopedic surgery, and timely intervene on these subjects with personalized rehabilitative intervention.</p>
Datasets from the publication "Delineating the geographic context of physical activities: A systematic search and scoping review of the methodological approaches used in social ecological research over two decades"
<p>Data from research article Rinne, T., Kajosaari, A., Söderholm, M., Berg, B., Pesola, A.J., Smith, M., Kyttä, M. (2022). Delineating the geographic context of physical activities: A systematic search and scoping review of the methodological approaches used in social ecological research over two decades, <em>Health and Place</em>.</p> <p>This data includes supplementary materials 1, 2, 3 and 4, PRISMA checklist and a translated research protocol.</p>
Long-term effect of regular physical activity and exercise habits in patients with early parkinson disease
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Objective: Owing to the lack of long-term observations and/or comprehensive adjustment for confounding factors, reliable conclusions regarding long-term effects of exercise and regular physical activity in Parkinson's disease (PD) have yet to be drawn. Here, using data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative study that includes longitudinal and comprehensive evaluations of many clinical parameters, we examined the long-term effects of regular physical activity and exercise habits on the course of PD. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Methods: In this observational cohort study, we primarily used the multivariate linear mixed-effects models to analyze the interaction effects of their regular physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous exercise levels, measured through the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly questionnaire, on the progression of clinical parameters, after adjusting for age, sex, levodopa-equivalent dose, and disease duration. We also calculated bootstrapping 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and conducted sensitivity analyses using the multiple imputation method and subgroup analyses using the propensity score matching to match for all baseline background factors. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Results: 237 early PD patients [median (interquartile range); age, 63.0 (56.0–70.0) years; Male, 69.2%; follow-up duration, 5.0 (4.0–6.0) years] were included. Regular physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous exercise levels at the baseline did not significantly affect the subsequent clinical progression of PD. However, average regular overall physical activity levels over time were significantly associated with slower deterioration of postural and gait stability [standardized fixed-effects coefficients of the interaction term (βinteraction) = -0.10 (95% CI, -0.14 to -0.06)], activities of daily living [βinteraction = 0.08 (95% CI, 0.04 to 0.12)], and processing speed [βinteraction = 0.05 (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.08)] in PD patients. Moderate-to-vigorous exercise levels were preferentially associated with slower decline of postural and gait stability [βinteraction = -0.09 (95% CI, -0.13 to -0.05)] and work-related activity levels were primarily associated with slower deterioration of processing speed [βinteraction = 0.07 (95% CI, 0.04 to 0.09)]. Multiple imputation and propensity score matching confirmed the robustness of our results. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Conclusions: In the long-term, the maintenance of high regular physical activity levels and exercise habits was robustly associated with better clinical course of PD, with each type of physical activity having different effects.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Association of physical activity and APOE genotype with longitudinal cognitive change in early PD
<p><b>Objective:</b> To determine whether greater physical activity could modify the negative association of <i>APOE</i> <span>ε4 with longitudinal cognitive changes in early Parkinson's disease (PD) and to uncover the disease-specific mechanism for </span>explaining such benefits of physical activity<span>.</span></p> <p><b>Methods:</b> We used data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative cohort. Because self-reported physical activity, measured by the Physical Activity Scale of the Elderly, was initiated at 2 years after enrollment, this longitudinal analysis was based on assessments performed at years 2, 3, and 4. Cognitive function was measured annually with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging was performed at years 2 and 4. We assessed the interactive associations between physical activity and the <i>APOE</i> ε4 allele on the longitudinal changes in MoCA scores and striatal DAT activities.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> A total of 173 early PD patients (age 63.3±10.0 years; 27% <i>APOE</i> ε4 <span>carriers</span>) were included. The <i>APOE</i> ε4 allele showed a steeper rate of cognitive decline than the non-<i>APOE</i> ε4 allele (estimate -1.33; 95% CI, -2.12 to -0.47; <i>p</i>=0.002). However, there was a significant interaction between physical activity and <i>APOE</i> ε4, such that higher physical activity was related to slower <i>APOE</i> ε4-related cognitive decline (estimate 0.007; 95% CI, 0.003 to 0.011; <i>p</i>=0.001). No<span> significant interaction was found between physical activity and the <i>APOE</i> ε4 allele regarding the change in striatal DAT activities.</span></p> <p><span><span><b>Conclusion:</b> Increased physical activity attenuated <i>APOE</i> ε<span>4</span>-related vulnerability to early cognitive decline in PD patients. T<span>his protective effect did not appear to be mediated by striatal dopaminergic function.</span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><b>Classification of evidence</b>: This study provides Class II evidence that increased physical activity was associated with decreased <i>APOE</i> ε4-related early cognitive decline in PD patients.</span></span></p>
Data from: Behaviour changes techniques that constitute effective planning interventions to improve physical activity and diet behaviour for people with chronic conditions: a systematic review
<p><span>Objectives: Action planning is a brief and effective behaviour change technique (BCT) to improve physical activity (PA) and diet behaviour (DB).</span><span> This study</span><span> aimed to identify critical BCTs and </span><span>mechanisms of action</span><span> (MoA) to interpret the effectiveness of planning interventions based on the health action process approach (HAPA) model.</span></p> <p><span>Design: Systematic review</span></p> <p><span>Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, CIHNAL (EBSCO), PsycInfo (EBSCO), Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection (EBSCO), psyARTICLES, and Medline were searched for studies from January 1990 to September 2021 published in English.</span></p> <p><span>Eligibility Criteria: Experiment involving action planning intervention to improve PA or DB in community-dwelling adult patients with chronic conditions.</span></p> <p><span>Data extraction and synthesis: Two reviewers independently coded the planning interventions into BCT combinations and MoA </span><span>assemblies</span><span>. Outcome was dichotomized according </span><span>to </span><span>the statistical power and Cohen's d. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool and the Risk of Bias in </span><span>Nonrandomized</span><span> Studies of Intervention assessment tool were used to assess the quality of RCTs and non-RCTs</span><span>, respectively</span><span>.</span></p> <p><span>Results: From the 52 included studies, 46 BCTs were identified and linked to 21 MoAs. Long-term facilitators for planning intervention </span><span>included 'self</span><span>-monitoring of behaviour', 'problem solving', 'instruction on how to perform the behaviour', and 'goal setting (behaviour)'. The most frequently occurring MoA was "beliefs about capabilities". </span><span>The</span><span> effective intervention groups had higher MoA scores that corresponded to the HAPA </span><span>model</span><span> constructs than </span><span>the </span><span>ineffective groups.</span></p> <p><span>Conclusions:</span><span> The findings</span><span> from this review may inform scientific and effective planning intervention designs for community-dwelling people with chronic conditions in the future.</span></p>
The effects of exploratory behavior on physical activity in a common animal model of human disease, zebrafish (Danio rerio)
<p>Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are widely accepted as a multidisciplinary vertebrate model for neurobehavioral and clinical studies, and more recently have become established as a model for exercise physiology and behavior. Individual differences in activity level (e.g., exploration) have been characterized in zebrafish, however, how different levels of exploration correspond to differences in motivation to engage in swimming behavior has not yet been explored. We screened individual zebrafish in two tests of exploration: the open field and novel tank diving tests. The fish were then exposed to a tank in which they could choose to enter a compartment with a flow of water (as a means of testing voluntary motivation to exercise). After a 2-day habituation period, behavioral observations were conducted. We used correlative analyses to investigate the robustness of the different exploration tests. Due to the complexity of dependent behavioral variables, we used machine learning to determine the personality variables that were best at predicting swimming behavior. Our results show that contrary to our predictions, the correlation between novel tank diving test variables and open field test variables was relatively weak. Novel tank diving variables were more correlated with themselves than open field variables were to each other. Males exhibited stronger relationships between behavioral variables than did females. In terms of swimming behavior, fish that spent more time in the swimming zone spent more time actively swimming, however, swimming behavior was inconsistent across the time of the study. All relationships between swimming variables and exploration tests were relatively weak, though novel tank diving test variables had stronger correlations. Machine learning showed that three novel tank diving variables (entries top/bottom, movement rate, average top entry duration) and one open field variable (proportion of time spent frozen) were the best predictors of swimming behavior, demonstrating that the novel tank diving test is a powerful tool to investigate exploration. Increased knowledge about how individual differences in exploration may play a role in swimming behavior in zebrafish is fundamental to their utility as a model of exercise physiology and behavior.</p>
United States-Physical Education and Physical Activity Policy Energy Expenditure Calculations by State (K-12)
<p>Represents formulas and calculations of energy expenditure (kcal) in PE for grades K-12 based on teacher-reported lesson frequency and duration across 50 states and the District of Columbia.</p>
Data and code used for 'Thigh-Worn Accelerometry: A Comparative Study of Two No-Code Classification Methods for Identifying Physical Activity Types'
<p>This repository contains all data necessary to reproduce the results for the manuscript titled 'Thigh-Worn Accelerometry: A Comparative Study of Two No-Code Classification Methods for Identifying Physical Activity Types'.</p> <p> </p> <h2><strong>File structure</strong></h2> <p><strong>- analysis</strong></p> <p>The analysis subfolder contains all R scripts used for the study:</p> <p>1. Sample size estimation<br>2. Synchronisation of the timestamps<br>3. Processing of the raw data<br>4. Calculating the interrater agreement<br>5. Calculating all performance metrics and producing the plots</p> <p>In addition, the two subfolders contain the plots and result tables produced when running the scripts.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>- data</strong></p> <p>The data folder contains all raw data as well as the processed data. A subfolder for each subject contains the video annotations (.eaf), the raw acceleration data (.csv) and the SENS motion classification data (.csv).</p> <p>The ActiPASS subfolder contains the raw acceleration files in binary file format as well as the ActiPASS output.</p> <p>The shiny subfolder contains the R code used for running the shiny app during data collection as well as the logged data and timestamps.</p> <p> </p> <p><span><strong><span>- documents</span></strong></span></p> <p><span>This folder contains any additional documents used in the study.</span></p> <p> </p> <h2><strong><span>Requirements</span></strong></h2> <p>The data processing and analysis was performed in R (Version 4.3.2). To run the full analysis in R, the following packages need to be installed:</p> <ul> <li>tidyverse</li> <li>xml2</li> <li>lubridate</li> <li>here</li> <li>dygraphs</li> <li>hms</li> <li>irr</li> <li>yardstick</li> <li>cowplot</li> <li>gt</li> </ul>
Changes in School-day Step Counts during a Physical Activity for Lent Intervention: A Cluster Randomized Crossover Trial of the Savior's Sandals
<p>Excel data file of 187 participants in a Physical Activity for Lent program conducted in spring 2017 at 4 Catholic middle schools in San Diego, CA, USA. Includes daily physical activity step counts and questionnaire data for religiosity, physical activity enjoyment, and situational interest motivation.</p>
Critical appraisal of qualitative studies of Muslim females' perceptions of physical activity barriers and facilitators
<p>Excel file of 56 studies that investigated Muslim women's perceptions of physical activity barriers and facilitators in westernized, high-income countries. Characteristics of studies as well as application of Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist across studies and 26 COREQ items.</p>
Perceptions, experiences and challenges of physical activity among firefighters with coronary heart disease risk factors in the City of Cape Town Fire and Rescue Services
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CONTAM Project Files and Exposure Data for An In Silico Investigation of Activity-Related Physical, Chemical, and Biological Pollutant Exposure in Basements Using CONTAM
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Deep Dive into TA Comments on Physics Lab Reports Stimulates [Pro]Active Physics
<p>This Zenodo research data repository hosts the comprehensive data and analysis associated with the paper, <em>"Deep Dive into TA Comments on Physics Lab Reports Stimulates [Pro]Active Physics,"</em> which is currently under review with <em>APS Physical Review Physics Education Research</em> (PRPER). The repository contains eight interactive Jupyter Notebooks (.ipynb format), developed in Python, which facilitate reproducibility and deeper engagement with the analyses. Additionally, five data sets in .xlsx format are provided, encompassing the raw data and processed datasets central to the study's findings.</p>
Association between physical activity and mortality among community-dwelling stroke survivors
<p><b>Objective: </b><span>To determine the relationship between physical activity and mortality in community-dwelling stroke survivors.</span></p> <p><b>Methods: </b>The Canadian Community Health Survey was used to obtain self-reported physical activity (PA) across four survey years and was linked to administrative databases to obtain prior diagnosis of stroke and subsequent all-cause mortality. PA was measured as metabolic equivalents (METs) per week and meeting minimal PA guidelines was defined as 10 MET-hours/week. Cox proportional hazard regression models and restricted cubic splines were used to determine the relationship between PA and all-cause mortality in respondents with prior stroke and controls, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, co-morbidities, and functional health status.</p> <p><b>Results: </b>The cohort included 895 respondents with prior stroke and 97805 controls. Adhering to PA guidelines was associated with lower hazard of death for those with prior stroke (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.46, 95% CI 0.29-0.73) and controls (aHR 0.69, 95% CI 0.62-0.76). There was a strong dose-response relationship in both groups, with a steep early slope and the vast majority of associated risk reduction occurring between 0 and 20 MET-hours/week. In the group of stroke respondents, PA was associated with stronger associated risk reduction in those <75 years of age (aHR 0.21, 95% CI 0.10-0.43) compared to those <u>></u>75 years of age (aHR 0.68, 95% CI 0.42-1.12). </p> <p><b>Conclusions: </b>PA was associated with lower all-cause mortality in a dose-dependent manner among those with prior stroke, particularly in younger stroke survivors. Our findings support efforts towards the implementation of PA programs for stroke survivors in the community. </p>
Initial status and change in cognitive function mediate the association between academic education and physical activity in adults over 50 years of age
<p>The scripts for data management (i.e., from raw data to data used in the analyses) and for the models tested in the paper titled "Initial status and change in cognitive function mediate the association between academic education and physical activity in adults over 50 years of age".</p> <p>“SHARE_Data_merge_w8.R” --> merges the data between the 8 waves of measurement.</p> <p>“SHARE_computingVars_w8.R” --> computes the variables used in the abovementionned study.</p> <p>“Growth_curve_models.R” --> contains the statistical models tested in the abovementionned study.</p>
Bouts of rest and physical activity in C57BL/6J mice
<p>The objective was to exploit the raw data output from a scalable home cage (type IIL IVC) monitoring (HCM) system (DVC®), to characterize the pattern of undisrupted rest and physical activity (PA) of C57BL/6J mice. The system's tracking algorithm shows that mice in isolation spend 67% of the time in bouts of long rest (≥40s) and 59% of the time was interpreted as sleep. Twenty percent is physical activity (PA), split equally between local movements and locomotion. Decomposition revealed that a day contains ~6500 discrete bouts of short and long rest, and local and locomotor movements. Mice travel ~330m per day, mainly during the dark hours, while travelling speed is similar through the light-dark cycle. Locomotor bouts are usually <0.2m and <1% are >1m. Tracking also revealed fits of abnormal behaviour. The starting positions of the bouts showed no preference for the rear over the front of the cage floor, while there was a strong bias for the peripheral (75%) over the central floor area. The composition of bouts has a characteristic circadian pattern, however, intrusive husbandry routines increased bout fragmentation by ~40%.</p> <p>Extracting electrode activations density (EAD) from the raw data yielded results close to those obtained with the tracking algorithm, with 59% of the time in long rest (<1 EAD s-1) and 20% in PA. We confirm that EAD correlates closely with movement distance (rs>0.95) and the data agreed in ~96% of the file time. Thus, albeit EAD is less informative, it may serve as a proxy for PA and rest, enabling monitoring group-housed mice. The data show that a change in housing density from one to two, and up to three mice had the same effect size on EAD (~2) with no difference between sexes. The EAD deviated significantly from this stepwise increase with 4 mice per cage, suggesting a crowdedness stress inducing sex-specific adaptations.</p> <p>We conclude that informative metrics on rest and PA can be automatically extracted from the raw data flow in near-real time (< 1 hrs). These metrics relay useful longitudinal information to those who use or care for the animals.</p>
Non-interventional Cross-over Study to Reduce Items of PROactive Tools Measuring Physical Activity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01388218. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 4. Publications: 2.
Physical Activity, Sleep and Age
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01609764. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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