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22,710 results for “Plant”
Stomatal Distribution and Post-fire Recovery: Intra- and Interspecific Variation in Plants of the Pyrogenic Florida Scrub, 2023-2024
Premise of the study: Amphistomy is the presence of stomata on both leaf surfaces. This distribution of stomata can increase photosynthesis, but is relatively infrequent, which is often attributed to high costs such as water loss. This study takes place in the Florida scrub- a hot, dry, shrub-dominated habitat that naturally experiences fire. However, decades of anthropogenic suppression and the reintroduction of controlled burns has created varied fire regimes across the region. In this study, we investigated the links between amphistomy and fire by determining (1) how common the trait is in this habitat, and (2) within-species variation before and after experimental fire, and across a time-since-fire gradient (0.25 - 50 years). Methods: We (1) surveyed 116 plant species across scrub habitats for amphistomy presence, and (2) experimentally and observationally investigated intraspecific variation in stomatal traits in response to fire for two post-fire resprouting species of palmetto, Serenoa repens and Sabal etonia (Arecaceae). Key results: Amphistomy was present in 62.9% of all surveyed species and 85.7% of post-fire obligate reseeders, suggesting amphistomy may be beneficial in this group and in the Florida scrub conditions. The stomatal ratio (upper/total stomatal density) was generally stable in response to fire. Stomatal density decreased following fire in S. etonia, with both species experiencing high variation in the post-fire years. Conclusions: Amphistomy is common in this habitat and relatively stable within species in response to fire, while stomatal density responds plastically during postfire regrowth.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Aboveground plant biomass, 2009-2017. (Reformatted to the ecocomDP Design Pattern)
This data package is formatted as an ecocomDP (Ecological Community Data Pattern). For more information on ecocomDP see https://github.com/EDIorg/ecocomDP. This Level 1 data package was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-bnz/501/17. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. This data set includes aboveground plant biomass from winter warming, summer warming, and control treatment plots at CiPEHR.
PVC02 Plant species composition on selected watersheds at Konza Prairie (Reformatted to the ecocomDP Design Pattern)
This data package is formatted as an ecocomDP (Ecological Community Data Pattern). For more information on ecocomDP see https://github.com/EDIorg/ecocomDP. This Level 1 data package was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-knz/69/18. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: Canopy coverage and frequency were recorded in 20 circular 10 sq m plots. Six treatments were sampled, three ungrazed and three to grazed by native grazers. In each case one of the three watersheds was unburned, another burned annually in April, the third burned every four years in April. In each treatment two soils were sampled: a lower-slope deep fertile nonrocky soil (tully silty clay loam), and a shallow rocky soil (florence cherty silt loam) on level to gently sloping ridges. In 1983 another ungrazed annual burn area '1c' was added 'both tully and florence soils' because original area '1d' appeared aberrant.
Plant survey data from LTER and other US grasslands
Understanding factors that influence ecological stability is a key question in ecology. Population ecology has highlighted that synchrony within a species across locations is an important indicator of species stability. Community ecology, in contrast, has highlighted that asynchrony between species within a location may enhance the stability of aggregate properties (such as total productivity). We compiled LTER and other data across 20 metacommunities in grassland and coastal marine biomes to integrate population and community approaches to synchrony to understand drivers of ecosystem stability at different scales. All datasets feature long-term (10-34 years) measurements of the primary producer community across multiple (6-49) discrete plots, with taxonomic identifications to species in most or all cases. This data package contains data from grasslands sites: Hayes, Kansas; Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve, Jornada LTER, Kellogg Biological Station LTER, Short Grass Steppe LTER, Konza Prairie LTER, Cedar Creek LTER and Sevilleta LTER.
Effects of chronic nutrient enrichment on plant diversity and ecosystem productivity, 2008-2019
Human activities are enriching many of Earth's ecosystems with biologically limiting mineral nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). In grasslands, this enrichment generally reduces plant diversity and increases productivity. The widely demonstrated positive effect of diversity on productivity suggests a potential negative feedback, whereby nutrient induced declines in diversity reduce the initial gains in productivity arising from nutrient enrichment. In addition, plant productivity and diversity can be inhibited by accumulations of dead biomass, which may be altered by nutrient enrichment. Over longer timeframes, nutrient addition may increase soil fertility by increasing soil organic matter and nutrient pools. We examined the effects of 5-11 years of nutrient addition at 47 grasslands in twelve countries. Nutrient enrichment increased aboveground live biomass and reduced plant diversity at nearly all sites, and these effects became stronger over time. We did not find evidence that nutrient induced losses of diversity reduced the positive effects of nutrients on biomass, however nutrient effects on live biomass increased more slowly at sites where litter was also increasing, regardless of plant diversity. This work suggests that short-term experiments may underestimate the long term nutrient enrichment effects on global, grassland ecosystems.
UCSB SONGS Mitigation Monitoring: Wetland Performance Standard - Plant Reproductive Success
These data describe annual estimates reproductive success (measured by seed set) of salt marsh plants at the San Dieguito Wetland as part of the SONGS San Dieguito Wetland Restoration mitigation monitoring program designed to track long-term patterns in reproductive success of wetland plants. Monitoring began in 2012.
Effect of mangroves on transplanted marsh plants, Port Aransas, Texas: 2013
We transplanted three common species of salt marsh plants (Spartina alterniflora, Batis maritima, Sarcocornia sp.) into eight experimental plots (24 x 42 m) varying in plot-level mangrove cover in Port Aransas, Texas in 2013. We transplanted marsh plants into 3 x 3 m “cells” with one of 3 different vegetation treatments (cleared, mangrove, pneumatophores) in each of the eight plots. Marsh plants were harvested to measure final size.
Relative percent cover and leaf nutrients was measured for plant species on Arctic LTER experimental plots in moist acidic and non-acid tundra, Arctic LTER Toolik Field Station, Alaska 2015
Relative percent cover was measured for plant species on Arctic LTER experimental plots at Toolik field station in moist acidic and non-acidic tundra in greenhouse and control plots. Leaf percent carbon, percent nitrogen and percent phosphorus were collected from dominant species in greenhouse and control plots on Arctic LTER experimental plots at Toolik field station in moist acidic, non-acidic tundra, wet sedge and shrub tundra
Leaf area index (LAI) by plant functional group in moist acidic tussock tundra, at the 2007 Anaktuvuk River fire scar measured in 2017
This file contains leaf area index (LAI) based on biomass measurements from an aboveground pluck in the southern portion of the Anaktuvuk River fire scar, and a nearby unburned site in late July 2017. Vegetation was sampled randomly at 10-m intervals along two 100 meter transects at both the burned and unburned sites. Vegetation was sampled within a 10X40 cm quadrat to the mineral layer, and plant material was sorted into new and old aboveground leaf and woody biomass by species. All samples were dried and weighed, and subsampled leaf material was scanned to determine specific leaf area (centimeterSquaredPerGram biomass) per species, which was then used to transform leaf biomass (gramPerMeterSquared) into the leaf area index for each site.
Soil and plant biogeochemical and soil temperature variables collected at brown lemming (Lemmus trimucronatus) and tundra vole (Microtus oeconomus) structure sties near Nome, Toolik Lake, and Utqaigvik, Alaska, summer 2018-2020
Soil and plant sampling analysis under small mammal-built structures and controls sites from near the Team Vole fences: Nome, Toolik, Utqiagvik, AK 2018-2020.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Aboveground plant biomass, 2009-2017, 2021
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. This data set includes aboveground plant biomass from winter warming, summer warming, and control treatment plots at CiPEHR.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Phenology of Dominant Plant Species I - Bud burst and Senescence 2013-2021
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. In this dataset we specifically ask, how does warming of soil and air impact the phenology of dominant plant species? Phenological data was collected to determine the timing of first bud break, onset and completion of senescence, and reproductive effort (flower and berry production).
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating and Drying Research (DryPEHR): Phenology of Dominant Plant Species I - Bud burst and Senescence 2013-2021
This drying and warming experiment addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem drying, warming and permafrost thaw cause a net release or uptake of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool influence ecosystem C loss? 3) How do drying and warming affect plant communities and ecosystem properties? We are answering these questions using a combined warming and drying experiment (DryPEHR), which is situated with the Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project and located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Warming treatment here refers to growing season air temperature warming (~1C) using open top chambers (OTC) combined with soil 'warming' using snow fences during the snow covered months. Drying is achieved using an automated pumping system that lowers the water table in the dry plots. Soil warming began in 2008; OTCs and drying in 2011. In this dataset we specifically ask, how does warming and drying of soil and air impact the phenology of dominant plant species? Phenological data was collected to determine the timing of first bud break, onset and completion of senescence, and reproductive effort (flower and berry production).
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Phenology of Dominant Plant Species II - Berry Production 2013-2021
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. In this dataset we specifically ask, how does warming of soil and air impact the phenology of dominant plant species? Phenological data was collected to determine the timing of first bud break, onset and completion of senescence, and reproductive effort (flower and berry production).
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Phenology of Dominant Plant Species III - Flowering Date 2013-2021
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. In this dataset we specifically ask, how does warming of soil and air impact the phenology of dominant plant species? Phenological data was collected to determine the timing of first bud break, onset and completion of senescence, and reproductive effort (flower and berry production).
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating and Drying Research (DryPEHR): Phenology of Dominant Plant Species II - Berry Production 2013-2021
This drying and warming experiment addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem drying, warming and permafrost thaw cause a net release or uptake of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool influence ecosystem C loss? 3) How do drying and warming affect plant communities and ecosystem properties? We are answering these questions using a combined warming and drying experiment (DryPEHR), which is situated with the Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project and located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Warming treatment here refers to growing season air temperature warming (~1C) using open top chambers (OTC) combined with soil 'warming' using snow fences during the snow covered months. Drying is achieved using an automated pumping system that lowers the water table in the dry plots. Soil warming began in 2008; OTCs and drying in 2011. In this dataset we specifically ask, how does warming and drying of soil and air impact the phenology of dominant plant species? Phenological data was collected to determine the timing of first bud break, onset and completion of senescence, and reproductive effort (flower and berry production).
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating and Drying Research (DryPEHR): Phenology of Dominant Plant Species III - Flowering Date 2013-2021
This drying and warming experiment addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem drying, warming and permafrost thaw cause a net release or uptake of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool influence ecosystem C loss? 3) How do drying and warming affect plant communities and ecosystem properties? We are answering these questions using a combined warming and drying experiment (DryPEHR), which is situated with the Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project and located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Warming treatment here refers to growing season air temperature warming (~1C) using open top chambers (OTC) combined with soil 'warming' using snow fences during the snow covered months. Drying is achieved using an automated pumping system that lowers the water table in the dry plots. Soil warming began in 2008; OTCs and drying in 2011. In this dataset we specifically ask, how does warming and drying of soil and air impact the phenology of dominant plant species? Phenological data was collected to determine the timing of first bud break, onset and completion of senescence, and reproductive effort (flower and berry production).
Fire-severity effects on plant-fungal interactions after a novel tundra wildfire disturbance: implications for arctic shrub and tree migration
Background-Vegetation change in high latitude tundra ecosystems is expected to accelerate due to increased wildfire activity. High-severity fires increase the availability of mineral soil seedbeds, which facilitates recruitment, yet fire also alters soil microbial composition, which could significantly impact seedling establishment. Results - We investigated the effects of fire severity on soil biota and associated effects on plant performance for two plant species predicted to expand into Arctic tundra. We inoculated seedlings in a growth chamber experiment with soils collected from the largest tundra fire recorded in the Arctic and used molecular tools to characterize root-associated fungal communities. Seedling biomass was significantly related to the composition of fungal inoculum. Biomass decreased as fire severity increased and the proportion of pathogenic fungi increased. Conclusions - Our results suggest that effects of fire severity on soil biota reduces seedling performance and thus we hypothesize that in certain ecological contexts fire-severity effects on plant-fungal interactions may dampen the expected increases in tree and shrub establishment after tundra fire.
Plant aboveground biomass data: Long-Term Nitrogen Deposition During Grassland Succession
The purpose of this experiment is to measure how initially disturbing an area and adding nitrogen over a long time will affect the number of species, the type of species present, the amount of annual growth, and the change from year to year in the growth of each species in a plant community which is also relieved of grazing by large and small mammals. This experiment is conducted within fields (A, B, and C) which were initially low in soil nutrients. The ground was disturbed by thoroughly disking the area prior to establishment of the experiment. There are 8 different levels of nitrogen addition with other nutrients added to ensure that nitrogen remains the limiting nutrient, and a control which receives no nutrients. Nitrogen fertilizer (NH4NO3) is applied twice per year, once in early May and once in late June. There are six replicates of each treatment per field. The treatments were randomly assigned to plots of size 4 by 4 meters. The plots are in 6 plot by 9 plot grids with 1 meter aisles between plots. The plot grids are enclosed by a fence to keep out mammalian herbivores. Gophers are trapped and removed as they appear. In the spring of 1992, subexperiments E097 and E098 were established. E097 is in fields A and C where randomly selected plots within each treatment no longer receive fertilizer. E098 is in field B where randomly selected plots within each treatment are burned. Note that the design of E002 is similar to E001 except E002 was thoroughly disked prior to establishment.
Plant species percent cover data: BioCON : Biodiversity, Elevated CO2, and N Enrichment
BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity. Why Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen? While there are many uncertainties in global change biology, there are also some well documented facts. Some of these are: 1. The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is rising. Since the industrial revolution, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from approximately 275 parts per million (ppm) to about 378 ppm today. This has been largely the result of fossil fuel burning. It is expected that CO2 levels will continue to rise, and that by the year 2050 these levels will be approximately 550 ppm. CO2 is the raw material for photosynthesis and is known to affect plant growth and development. 2. The amount of nitrogen moving through terrestrial ecosystems has increased in the recent past. While natural "background" levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. 3. Biodiversity levels are falling. While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. Perhaps more important for ecosystem function, diversity levels on local to regional scales have fallen due to land use change, biotic invasion and many other drivers. While much is known about how each of these factors affects ecosystem functioning, many questions remain. There is also little data on how these issues affe
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.